Search results for " Adhesion"
showing 10 items of 980 documents
Remodeling of peritoneal-like structures by mesothelial cells: its role in peritoneal healing.
1999
Abstract Background. Intraabdominal adhesions are a common complication following laparotomy. Since the exact mechanisms involved in this processes are unknown we have analyzed in vitro the role of mesothelial cells in peritoneal healing. Material and methods. Human mesothelial cells from omental tissue were cultivated for 2 weeks in a three-dimensional culture either on or in a collagen type I matrix. The effects of blood and collagen matrix were analyzed by exposing mesothelial cells to an overlying blood clot, simulating intraperitoneal bleeding, or a second collagen layer. The production of collagen types III and IV, fibronectin, and laminin was analyzed with immunohistochemical methods…
Transcriptome Analysis of Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Fibroblasts Reveals a Disease Extracellular Matrix Signature and Key Molecular Regula…
2015
Background Collagen VI related myopathies encompass a range of phenotypes with involvement of skeletal muscle, skin and other connective tissues. They represent a severe and relatively common form of congenital disease for which there is no treatment. Collagen VI in skeletal muscle and skin is produced by fibroblasts. Aims & Methods In order to gain insight into the consequences of collagen VI mutations and identify key disease pathways we performed global gene expression analysis of dermal fibroblasts from patients with Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy with and without vitamin C treatment. The expression data were integrated using a range of systems biology tools. Results were validat…
Functional Adhesion of Pectin Biopolymers to the Lung Visceral Pleura
2021
Pleural injuries and the associated “air leak” are the most common complications after pulmonary surgery. Air leaks are the primary reason for prolonged chest tube use and increased hospital length of stay. Pectin, a plant-derived heteropolysaccharide, has been shown to be an air-tight sealant of pulmonary air leaks. Here, we investigate the morphologic and mechanical properties of pectin adhesion to the visceral pleural surface of the lung. After the application of high-methoxyl citrus pectin films to the murine lung, we used scanning electron microscopy to demonstrate intimate binding to the lung surface. To quantitatively assess pectin adhesion to the pleural surface, we used a custom ad…
Intraperitoneal Application of Fibrinogen Gluing in the Rat for Adhesions Prophylaxis
1990
The suitability of fibrinogen gluing for prophylaxis of intraperitoneal adhesions was investigated experimentally. Small bowel slings, traumatized previously, were covered by a layer of fibrinogen 2–3 mm thick to see whether formation of adhesions could be prevented. In the experiments 50 rats of both sexes were observed over 21 days. Following mechanical traumatization of the terminal ileum the visceral peritoneum was coated with fibronogen, whereas animals of the control group did not receive fibrinogen coating.
Cigarette smoke alters primary human bronchial epithelial cell (PBEC) differentiation at air-liquid interface (ALI) and induces expression of CD105 a…
2016
Dys-regulation of airway epithelial cell function related to cigarette smoke exposure plays an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD. CD105, a component of TGF-β complex, and CD146, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition inducer, are adhesion molecules involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, transmigration and tissue remodelling. After validation of an ex vivo ALI culture of PBEC, we assessed the effect of long-term cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure on epithelium regeneration and differentiation. Endobronchial biopsy specimens (EBBs) were obtained from 8 controls (C) and 9 COPD. ALI cultures from EBBs of C were exposed to CSE for 7, 14, 21 days. Transepithelial Elect…
Water-Dependent Blending of Pectin Films: The Mechanics of Conjoined Biopolymers
2020
Biodegradable pectin polymers have been recommended for a variety of biomedical applications, ranging from the delivery of oral drugs to the repair of injured visceral organs. A promising approach to regulate pectin biostability is the blending of pectin films. To investigate the development of conjoined films, we examined the physical properties of high-methoxyl pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) interactions at the adhesive interface. Pectin polymers were tested in glass phase (10&ndash
Identification of pH-regulated antigen 1 released from Candida albicans as the major ligand for leukocyte integrin alphaMbeta2.
2007
Candida albicans is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen and is the leading cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised individuals. The induction of cell-mediated immunity to C. albicans is of critical importance in host defense and the prime task of cells of the innate immune system. We previously demonstrated that the integrin alpha(M)beta(2) (CD11b/CD18) is the major leukocyte receptor involved in C. albicans recognition, mediating both adhesive and migratory responses to the fungus. In the present study, we demonstrate that various C. albicans strains release a protease-sensitive activity into their conditioned medium that supports alpha(M)beta(2)-mediated cell adhesion and…
Differential effects of leflunomide on leukocytes: Inhibition of ratin vivo adhesion and humanin vitro oxidative burst without affecting surface mark…
1994
Leflunomide has been shown to combat effectively autoimmune diseases in a number of animal models, as well as chronic polyarthritis of humans. Here we report on the effects of this novel drug on the adherence of leukocytes to endothelium, an essential event in establishment and maintenance of inflammation. The entry of cells into tissues is dependent on interactions of adhesion molecules. The process of diapedesis, which these molecules control, involves three phases: tethering, triggering of receptors on endothelial cells and firm attachment of leukocytes to these cells. The interaction of LECAM-1 (constitutively expressed on circulating leukocytes) and P- and E-selectins on the vessel wll…
Roflumilast inhibits leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, expression of adhesion molecules and microvascular permeability
2007
Background and purpose: The present study addressed the effects of the investigational PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and endothelial permeability in vivo and in vitro. Experimental approach: In vivo, intravital video-microscopy was used to determine effects of roflumilast p.o. on leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and microvascular permeability in rat mesenteric venules. In vitro, the effects of roflumilast N-oxide, the active metabolite of roflumilast in humans, and other PDE4 inhibitors on neutrophil adhesion to tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα)-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), E-selectin expression and thrombin-induced e…
Sodium/hydrogen exchange inhibition with cariporide reduces leukocyte adhesion via P-selectin suppression during inflammation
2008
Background and purpose: The Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) inhibitor cariporide is known to ameliorate ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by reduction of cytosolic Ca2+ overload. Leukocyte activation and infiltration also mediates I/R injury but whether cariporide reduces I/R injury by affecting leukocyte activation is unknown. We studied the effect of cariporide on thrombin and I/R induced leukocyte activation and infiltration models and examined P-selectin expression as a potential mechanism for any identified effects. Experimental approach: An in vivo rat mesenteric microcirculation microscopy model was used with stimulation by thrombin (0.5 μ ml−1) superfusion or ischaemia (by haemorrhagic shock…