Search results for " Administration"
showing 10 items of 4299 documents
Quo vadis SANEPID? A cross-country analysis of public health reforms in 10 post-Soviet states
2010
Abstract Background The public health systems of the post-Soviet states have evolved from the san-epid system, which dominated public health practice throughout the former Soviet Union. Since independence, reforms have taken different directions. This article provides a cross-country comparison of public health reform processes and contents in 10 post-Soviet states. Methods The study is descriptive and comparative, based on a literature review of the major health databases, the Health Systems in Transition (HiT) volumes and grey literature. Search terms included terms on public health, the san-epid services and organizational reforms in one or several post-Soviet states. Results Public heal…
Cultural approach to the perception of risk: analysing concern about the siting of a high-level nuclear waste facility in Finland
1999
A study of local residents' attitudes toward the siting of a high-level nuclear waste facility in Finland was undertaken in three municipalities (Eurajoki, Kuhmo and Aänekoski) that are being considered possible host communities for the facility. The results of the survey show that opposition to the facility is quite strong in two of the three municipalities, while in the third a polarization of opinions into two opposing camps is evident. The size, social structure and substance of the local opposition and support are analysed. The thesis of the paper is that in order to understand different opinions about the facility, one must understand the cultural logic of risk perception. People eva…
The safety of intravenous fluorescein for confocal laser endomicroscopy in the gastrointestinal tract
2010
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 31, 548–552 Summary Background Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is rapidly emerging as a valuable tool for gastrointestinal endoscopic imaging. Fluorescent contrast agents are used to optimize imaging with CLE, and intravenous fluorescein is the most widely used contrast agent. Fluorescein is FDA-cleared for diagnostic angiography of the retina. For these indications, the safety profile of fluorescein has been well-documented; however, to date, fluorescein is not cleared for use with CLE. Aims To estimate the rate of serious and total adverse events attributable to intravenous fluorescein when used for gastrointestinal CLE. Methods We performed a cross sectional…
The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000–18:a geospatial analysis
2020
Background Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease that can cause permanent disability through disruption of the lymphatic system. This disease is caused by parasitic filarial worms that are transmitted by mosquitos. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelmintics is recommended by WHO to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. This study aims to produce the first geospatial estimates of the global prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection over time, to quantify progress towards elimination, and to identify geographical variation in distribution of infection. Methods A global dataset of georeferenced surveyed locations was used to model annual 2000–18 lym…
Horizontal and Vertical Reconstruction of the Severely Resorbed Maxillary Jaw Using Subantral Augmentation and a Novel Tenting Technique with Bone fr…
2013
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using the lateral wall bone in sinus lifting two-dimensional reconstruction on bone augmentation.Patients and Methods Ten patients affected by class V or VI maxillary atrophy with less than 3 mm of residual horizontal ridge were selected. Using a piezo-ultrasonic surgery tip bony lateral wall was cut. To expose native bone to the bone graft, multiple perforations, made through the cortical plate of the recipient site with a round bur. Once the bony buccal wall was adjusted it was fixed away from the ridge with two 1.5 x 13 mm bone fixation screws. Deficiencies created between the bony buccal wall and the ridge was filled with a mineral…
Rationing in a Pandemic: Lessons from Italy.
2020
In late February and early March 2020, Italy became the European epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite increasingly stringent containment measures enforced by the government, the health system faced an enormous pressure, and extraordinary efforts were made in order to increase overall hospital beds’ availability and especially ICU capacity. Nevertheless, the hardest-hit hospitals in Northern Italy experienced a shortage of ICU beds and resources that led to hard allocating choices. At the beginning of March 2020, the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) issued recommendations aimed at supporting physicians in prioritizing patients when …
Can bureaucrats order public health? The case of Norway
2013
Introduction: The implementation of a new structural reform, the Coordination Reform, prioritizing a new public health agenda, was initiated to develop a more decentralized, integrated health care system in Norway in 2012. The same year, new health legislation was implemented and due to the new Public Health Act the responsibility for implementing a new public health agenda was decentralized to the local level. Historically, due to lack of funding – these issues have got low priority among local authorities. The new public health legislation reflects a shift in policy focus from treatment to illness prevention – where planning and partnership among primary end specialist health care, as wel…
An Italian survey on the attitudes in treating breakthrough cancer pain in hospice.
2010
As recognition and treatment of breakthrough cancer pain (BcP) depend on the education and knowledge of palliative care physicians, it is important to systematically explore the attitudes of palliative care physicians in hospices or palliative care units. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of hospice physicians in Italy regarding BcP and its treatment. All hospices existing in Italy were interviewed to gather information about provision of BP medication, drugs of choice, preferred route of administration, methods to choose the dose, and choice of BcP medication based on opioid administered for background analgesia. Of 158 hospices registered, 122 centers agreed …
Erratum to: ‘A cost and performance comparison of Public Private Partnership and public hospitals in Spain’
2016
Public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives are extending around the world, especially in Europe, as an innovation to traditional public health systems, with the intention of making them more efficient.There is a varied range of PPP models with different degrees of responsibility from simple public sector contracts with the private, up to the complete privatisation of the service. As such, we may say the involvement of the private sector embraces the development, financing and provision of public infrastructures and delivery services.In this paper, one of the oldest PPP initiatives developed in Spain and transferred to other European and Latin American countries is evaluated for first time…
Non-Hemodynamic Effects of Organic Nitrates and the Distinctive Characteristics of Pentaerithrityl Tetranitrate
2009
Organic nitrates are among the oldest and yet most commonly employed drugs in the long-term therapy of coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure. While they have long been used in clinical practice, our understanding of their mechanism of action and side effects remains incomplete. For instance, recent findings provide evidence of previously unanticipated, non-hemodynamic properties that include potentially beneficial mechanisms (such as the induction of a protective phenotype that mimics ischemic preconditioning), but also toxic effects (such as endothelial and autonomic dysfunction, rebound angina, tolerance). To date, the most commonly employed organic nitrates are isosorbide …