Search results for " Antibiotics"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
General oxidative stress during doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Absence of cardioprotection and low antioxidant efficiency of alpha-lipoi…
2012
International audience; To evaluate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (AL) in a model of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity, male Wistar rats were treated with DOX (1 mg/kg/d; 10 d) in combination or not with AL (50 mg/kg/d; 15 d). Plasma oxidative stress was determined by hydroperoxides (ROOH) and the ascorbyl radical/ascorbate ratio. One and two months later, the functional parameters of the hearts were determined in vivo by catheterization and cardiac oxidative stress was assessed by malonedialdehyde (MDA) and O₂*⁻ (dihydroethidium fluorescence) content in tissue. After two months, body weight was higher in the DOX-AL group than in DOX (+16%), but this was due to ascites. Histologic…
Variability in protein binding of teicoplanin and achievement of therapeutic drug monitoring targets in critically ill patients: Lessons from the DAL…
2014
The aims of this study were to describe the variability in protein binding of teicoplanin in critically ill patients as well as the number of patients achieving therapeutic target concentrations. This report is part of the multinational pharmacokinetic DALI Study. Patients were sampled on a single day, with blood samples taken both at the midpoint and the end of the dosing interval. Total and unbound teicoplanin concentrations were assayed using validated chromatographic methods. The lower therapeutic range of teicoplanin was defined as total trough concentrations from 10 to 20 mg/L and the higher range as 10-30 mg/L. Thirteen critically ill patients were available for analysis. The followi…
New linezolid-like 1,2,4-oxadiazoles active against Gram-positive multiresistant pathogens
2013
The synthesis and the in vitro antibacterial activity of novel linezolid-like oxadiazoles are reported. Replacement of the linezolid morpholine C-ring with 1,2,4-oxadiazole results in an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant comparable or even superior to that of linezolid. While acetamidomethyl or thioacetoamidomethyl moieties in the C(5) side-chain are required, fluorination of the phenyl B ring exhibits a slight effect on an antibacterial activity but its presence seems to reduce the compounds cytotoxicity. Molecular modeling performed using two different approaches - FLAP and Amber software - shows that in the binding…
Die Beziehung zwischen Penicillin- und Streptomycin-resistenz und Gehalt an Desoxyribonucleinsäure (DNS) bei M. pyogenes var. aureus und E. coli
1959
Penicillinase-negative Stamme von M. pyogenes var. aureus mit verschiedenen Resistenzgraden gegen Pc. zeigten mit steigender Penicillin-resistenz einen zunehmenden Gehalt an Desoxyribonucleinsaure bezogen auf den Gesamt-Stickstoff. Bei Stammen von E. Coli nahm der Gehalt an Desoxyribonucleinsaure, bezogen auf den Gesamt-Stickstoff mit zunehmender Streptomycinresistenz ab. Der Anteil streptomycin-resistenter Varianten einer Population von E. coli verringerte sich nach kurzfristiger Einwirkung von Desoxyribonuclease.
Distribution of emm types among group A streptococcal isolates from Serbia.
2010
AbstractThis is the first study concerning the molecular epidemiology of group A streptococcus in Serbia and includes 145 isolates from patients with various infections during the period 2001–2007. The emm types, superantigen profile and susceptibility pattern were determined. Among 31 emm types identified, the most prevalent were emm6, emm12, emm1, and emm58. All isolates showed uniform antimicrobial susceptibility to all tested antibiotics, with the exception of tetracycline and erythromycin (41% and 0.7% resistant strains, respectively). Significant heterogeneity of emm types was found, with a high frequency of emm6 and emm58, as well as a considerable prevalence of tetracycline resistan…
Toxic Effect of Vancomycin on Viability and Functionality of Different Cells Involved in Tissue Regeneration
2020
To prevent infections local delivery of antibiotics is a useful tool. Especially in bone fractures, vancomycin impregnated bone cements are often used allowing high concentrations of antibiotics at the infection side without high serum concentrations. However, besides potential pathogens, cells involved in tissue regeneration may also be affected by the drug. We investigated the effect of vancomycin on the viability and functionality on osteoblasts, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and skeletal muscle cells. Our results show that the viability of all cells analyzed was reduced by vancomycin and that the observed effects were time and concentration dependent. The most pronounced toxic effect w…
Multiclonal emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Tuscany, Italy
2010
New potent antibacterials against Gram-positive multiresistant pathogens: effects of side chain modification and chirality in linezolid-like 1,2,4-ox…
2014
The effects of side chain modification and chirality in linezolid-like 1,2,4-oxadiazoles have been studied to design new potent antibacterials against Gram-positive multidrug-resistant pathogens. The adopted strategy involved a molecular modelling approach, the synthesis and biological evaluation of new designed compounds, enantiomers separation and absolute configuration assignment. Experimental determination of the antibacterial activity of the designed (S)-1-((3-(4-(3-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5- yl)phenyl)-oxazolidin-2-one-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylthiourea and (S)-1-((3-(3-fluoro-4-(3-methyl-1,2,4- oxadiazol-5-yl)phenyl)-oxazolidin-2-one-5-yl)methyl)-3-methylthiourea against multidrug resistan…
Estimation of the Amount of Disposed Antibiotics
2019
The impact of the antibiotics in the environment is not well understood yet. Moreover, the total amount of antibiotics that are ending up in the environment as solid waste is not known and cannot be rigorously determined as many variables are influencing the determination of their concentration. The present article is focused on the estimation of the amount of non-prescribed antibiotics that are used in different European countries. Particular attention is paid to the class of beta-lactams, as they are responsible for a considerate share of the antimicrobial resistance. The primary purpose was the estimation of the quantity of non-prescribed antibiotics that might reach the environment as s…
Concise asymmetric synthesis of Linezolid through catalyzed Henry reaction
2013
A new asymmetric synthesis of the antibiotic Linezolid was performed through a copper-catalyzed Henry reaction as the key step. The use of camphor-derived aminopyridine ligands helped to improve the yields of the chiral precursor and to obtain Linezolid in good overall yield and enantiomeric excess.