Search results for " Antibodies"
showing 10 items of 383 documents
Preparation of Anti-protein and Anti-mannan Antisera against Fungal Cell Wall by Affinity Chromatography
1994
Abstract Iranzo, M., Marcilla, A., Elorza, M. V., Mormeneo, S., and Sentandreu, R. 1994. Preparation of anti-protein and anti-mannan antisera against fungal cell wall by affinity chromatography. Experimental Mycology 18, 159-167. A novel and easy chromatographic method has been developed for the isolation of anti-protein and anti-mannan antisera from a population of polyclonal antibodies obtained against Candida albicans and Yarrowia lipolytica cell wall mannoproteins. The technique is based on the immobilization of mannan (to be used as immunoadsorbent) by Affi-Prep H z resin after the oxidation of neighboring hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide with sodium periodate. For Y. lipolytica p…
Anti-parietal cell antibodies – diagnostic significance
2015
Anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA) are an advantageous tool for screening for autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) and pernicious anemia (PA). The target for APCA is the H+/K+ ATP-ase. It has been demonstrated, that APCA target both, the alpha, and beta subunits of the proton pump, although the major antigen is the alpha subunit. Circulating serum APCA can be detected by means of immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay – currently the most commonly used method, and radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIA) – the 4A subunit has been optimized as a molecularspecific antigen probe. RIA is the most accurate method of antibody assessment, characterized by highest sensitivity. APCA can …
Antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies in human sera: Detection by a modified micro-ELISA
1985
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies to human glomerular basement membrane has been developed. Special emphasis has been put on the choice of microtiter plates which were coated with a collagenase digest of human glomerular basement membrane. Results differed markedly between the different microtiter plates. Best results were obtained with a flexible polyvinylchloride microtiter plate with flat wells (Dynatec). This plate exhibited the highest positive/negative ratio and the lowest intraassay standard deviation. Optimal conditions for each step in the ELISA have been determined. The assay proved to be specific, sensitive, and reproducible. Circulating ant…
In vivo biodistribution and lifetime analysis of cy5.5-conjugated rituximab in mice bearing lymphoid tumor xenograft using time-domain near-infrared …
2008
Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 antigen, which is expressed on B-cell lymphocytes and on the majority of B-cell lymphoid malignancies. Herein we report the conjugate of rituximab with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore Cy5.5 (RI-Cy5.5) as a tool for in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo NIR time-domain (TD) optical imaging. In vitro, RI-Cy5.5 retained biologic activity and led to elevated cell-associated fluorescence on tumor cells. In vivo, TD optical imaging analysis of RI-Cy5.5 injected into lymphoma-bearing mice revealed a slow tumor uptake and a specific long-lasting persistence of the probe within the tumor. Biodistribution studies after intraperiton…
DNA-mediated immunization to hepatitis B virus envelope proteins: preS antigen secretion enhances the humoral response.
1999
In order to design optimized DNA vectors as genetic vaccines against infections with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) we investigated if secretion or retention of the viral antigens has an influence on the quality and quantity of the humoral immune response. Intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA encoding the HBV large L envelope protein, known to be retained within host cells, induced only a weak response in mice whereas a vector expressing the secretion-competent small S envelope protein elicited strong and sustained immunity. Immunization with rearranged envelope genes further demonstrated that secretion affects the magnitude of the immune response. In situ expression of modified small and mi…
Variability of shell repair in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum affected by the Brown Ring Disease: A microstructural and biochemical study
2011
11 pages; International audience; For more than two decades, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum has been regularly affected by Brown Ring Disease (BRD), an epizootic event caused by the bacterium Vibrio tapetis and characterized by the development of a brown deposit on the inner face of valves. Although BRD infection is often lethal, some clams recover by mineralizing a new repair shell layer, which covers the brown deposit and fully isolates it from living tissues. In order to understand this specific shell repair process, the microstructures of repaired zones were compared to those of shells unaffected by BRD. In addition, the organic matrix associated with unaffected shells and to r…
Hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance are associated with severe fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis caused by HBV or HCV infection.
2011
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Steatosis and insulin resistance (IR) are the major disease modifying in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Only few studies evaluated these features in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to assess the prevalence and the factors related to steatosis and IR in CHB patients, compared with CHC subjects, and to evaluate the potential association between these features and fibrosis severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy consecutive patients with CHB (28 HBeAg positive, 142 HBeAg negative), were evaluated using liver biopsy and metabolic measurements and matched for sex, age and body mass index with 170 genotype 1 CHC patients. IR was def…
Circulating immune complexes and platelet thromboxane synthesis in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus
1984
Platelets from diabetic subjects with circulating immune complexes (CIC) synthesized greater amounts of thromboxane than did platelets from CIC-negative patients or controls. In view of the known action of CIC on platelet function, a relationship between these two factors may be suggested in the initiation and progression of microangiopathy in diabetes.
Routine HCV PCR screening of blood donations to identify early HCV infection in blood donors lacking antibodies to HCV
2001
BACKGROUND: Detection of early hepatitis C infection of blood donors is still a major problem for blood transfusion. Common anti-HCV screening assays show differences in sensitivity and specificity. The often mild symptoms of acute hepatitis C also cause difficulties in the identification of early HCV infection. The feasibility and efficacy of routine screening of blood donations for HCV RNA were investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donations (n = 251,737) were screened for HCV RNA over 4 years. RNA extraction, amplification, and detection were done by two commercial HCV PCR kits (HCV Cobas Amplicor and HCV Cobas Amplicor 2.0, Roche Diagnostics). Screening was done by pool testing …
In-vitro test system for the evaluation of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors based on a single HPLC run with UV detect…
2001
Objective and Design: The aim of this study was to develop a new, whole-cell test system which is easy to handle and requires a standard equipment for the parallel screening of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors.¶Materials: Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs).¶Treatment and methods: Unstimulated bovine aortic coronary endothelial cells (BAECs) were used as a source of COX-1 and BAECs pretreated with ASA (100 μM) and activated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) were used as a source of COX-2. The time- and concentration-dependent induction of COX-2 expression in the BAECs was evaluated by a kinetic profile (HPLC analysis) and detected by Western-Blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies agains…