Search results for " Biochimica"

Effect of the serum from multiple sclerosis patients on an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier.

2008

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by focal inflammatory demyelination, largely due to autoimmune responses against different components of the myelin sheet. It is also generally accepted that the pathogenesis of MS consists of inflammatory and neurodegenerative phases, where demyelination should produce partially reversible clinical deficits that can remit, due to limited remyelination, while axonal degeneration produces permanent non-remitting clinical damage. It is also assumed that nervous system inflammation is initiated by autoreactive, myelin-specific T cells that permeate the blood-brain barrier and trigger a series of events leading to tissue destruction. In addition to antib…

Sicilian pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) nut inhibits expression and release of inflammatory mediators and reverts the increase of paracellular permeabi…

2014

Background Dietary approaches to control inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may include proanthocyanidin-rich foods. Our previous research showed that a hydrophilic extract from Sicilian pistachio nut (HPE) contains sub- stantial amounts of proanthocyanidins and possesses anti- inflammatory activities. Purpose We studied the effects of HPE and of its poly- meric proanthocyanidin fraction (PPF) in a cell model that simulated some conditions of IBD, consisting of interleukin (IL)-1b-stimulated Caco-2 cells. Methods HPE was prepared by Pistacia vera L. nuts, and PPF was isolated from HPE by adsorbance chromatogra- phy. Proanthocyanidins were quantified as anthocyanidins after acidic hydrolysis.…

Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers to Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment

2017

Curcumin is a natural molecule with proved anticancer efficacy on several human cancer cell lines. However, its clinical application has been limited due to its poor bioavailability. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery approaches could make curcumin dispersible in aqueous media, thus overtaking the limits of its low solubility. The aim of this study was to increase the bioavailability and the antitumoral activity of curcumin, by entrapping it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). For this purpose here we describe the preparation and characterization of three kinds of curcumin-loaded NLCs. The nanosystems allowed the achievement of a controlled release of curcumin, the amounts of curcumin r…

Modulation of Human Motor Cortical Excitability and Plasticity by Opuntia Ficus Indica Fruit Consumption: Evidence from a Preliminary Study through N…

2022

Indicaxanthin (IX) from Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) has been shown to exert numerous biological effects both in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuro-modulatory activity in rodent models. Our goal was to investigate the eventual neuro-active role of orally assumed fruits containing high levels of IX at nutritionally-relevant amounts in healthy subjects, exploring cortical excitability and plasticity in the human motor cortex (M1). To this purpose, we applied paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) in basal conditions and followed the consumption of yellow cactus pear fruits containing IX or white ca…

Carbohydrates consumption pre exercise attenuate bone resorption marker in young female gymnasts

2019

Purpose: Bone mineral density (BMD) is modified by environmental factors like diet, nutritional status and exercise. Athletes have higher bone turnover than sedentary individuals but prolonged exercise might result in a negative remodeling balance and compromise skeletal health. Strenuous exercise and fasting may induce osteoclastic activity that is not necessarily accompanied by a compensatory increase in osteoblastic activity. The purpose of this study was to understand if there is specific nutrition to allow best performance and reduce bone resorption that occurs after exercise in athletes. Methods: A group of 28 gymnasts aged between 9 and 14 years old (13 ± 1.71) playing artistic gymna…

Synthesis, structural characterization and antitumor activity of di- and tri-organotin(IV) complexes of D-galacturonic acid

2015

Sex steroid hormone receptors, their ligands, and nuclear and non-nuclear pathways

2015

The ability of a cell to respond to a particular hormone depends on the presence of specific receptors for those hormones. Once the hormone has bound to its receptor, and following structural and biochemical modifications to the receptor, it separates from cytoplasmic chaperone proteins, thereby exposing the nuclear localization sequences that result in the activation of the receptor and initiation of the biological actions of the hormone on the target cell. In addition, recent work has demonstrated new pathways of steroid signaling through orphan and cell surface receptors that contribute to more rapid, “non-nuclear” or non-transcriptional effects of steroid hormones, often involving G-pro…

PROLONGED TREATMENT OF HUMAN OSTEOSARCOMA MG63 CELLS WITH 3AB INDUCES THE PRODUCTION OF TUMOR INITIATING CELLS.

2008

Oxidative stress, oxidative stress-based diseases and Mediterranean diet. Raman spectroscopy monitoring of skin carotenoids in healthy individuals an…

Abstract Evaluating the level of body antioxidants may reveal a more or less severe oxidative stress condition in either healthy people or subjects with pathologies, and can be suggestive for suitable dietary interventions to possibly affect it. In this work taking advantage from the Raman spectroscopic technology to measure the level of skin carotenoids in a simple and non-invasive manner, healthy people (age 15 to 70, n=155) and women who had surgery for breast cancer (BC) (age 38 to 76, n=71) have been screened to assess to what extent an increased intake of fruit and vegetables (healthy people and patients), associated with diets based on a classical Mediterranean style and that did not…

A Deadly Liaison between Oxidative Injury and p53 Drives Methyl-Gallate-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells

2023

Methyl gallate (MG), which is a gallotannin widely found in plants, is a polyphenol used in traditional Chinese phytotherapy to alleviate several cancer symptoms. Our studies provided evidence that MG is capable of reducing the viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells, while it was found to be ineffective on differentiated Caco-2 cells, which is a model of polarized colon cells. In the first phase of treatment, MG promoted both early ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, sustained by elevated PERK, Grp78 and CHOP expression levels, as well as an upregulation in intracellular calcium content. Such events were accompanied by an autophagic process (16–24 h), where prolonging the …