Search results for " Brain."

showing 10 items of 976 documents

Chronic otitis caused by heterotopic brain tissue in pterygopalatine fossa

2007

Summary Heterotopic brain tissue is a rare is congenital anomaly, it may present at any age but it is frequently in infancy. This anomaly can occur most frequently in nasal region, although rests elsewhere in the digestive tract, in facial tissue or in lungs have been reported. Heterotopic brain tissue has been defined as a mass composed of mature brain tissue, outside the cranial cavity or spinal canal. We present a 9 years old girl with history of left chronic otitis and nasal obstruction caused by heterotopic brain tissue in pterygopalatine fossa.

Heterotopic brain tissuebusiness.industryChronic otitisChronic otitisBrain tissueAnatomymedicine.diseaseConductive hearing lossConductive hearing lossParapharyngeal spacemedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyNasal regionPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthParapharyngeal spacemedicineCranial cavitySpinal canalbusinessGlue earPterygopalatine fossaInternational Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Extra
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STN area detection using K-NN classifiers for MER recordings in Parkinson patients during neurostimulator implant surgery

2016

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) applies electric pulses into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) improving tremor and other symptoms associated to Parkinson's disease. Accurate STN detection for proper location and implant of the stimulating electrodes is a complex task and surgeons are not always certain about final location. Signals from the STN acquired during DBS surgery are obtained with microelectrodes, having specific characteristics differing from other brain areas. Using supervised learning, a trained model based on previous microelectrode recordings (MER) can be obtained, being able to successfully classify the STN area for new MER signals. The K Nearest Neighbours (K-NN) algorithm has bee…

HistoryDeep brain stimulationWilcoxon signed-rank testbusiness.industrySpeech recognitionmedicine.medical_treatmentSupervised learning02 engineering and technologyImplant surgerynervous system diseasesComputer Science ApplicationsEducation03 medical and health sciencesSubthalamic nucleussurgical procedures operative0302 clinical medicinenervous system0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine020201 artificial intelligence & image processingK nearest neighbourbusinesstherapeutics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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An advanced numerical model for human brain activity investigation

2012

Human brain activity numerical modelSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaSettore MAT/08 - Analisi Numerica
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A novel framework for MR image segmentation and quantification by using MedGA

2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Image segmentation represents one of the most challenging issues in medical image analysis to distinguish among different adjacent tissues in a body part. In this context, appropriate image pre-processing tools can improve the result accuracy achieved by computer-assisted segmentation methods. Taking into consideration images with a bimodal intensity distribution, image binarization can be used to classify the input pictorial data into two classes, given a threshold intensity value. Unfortunately, adaptive thresholding techniques for two-class segmentation work properly only for images characterized by bimodal histograms. We aim at overcoming these limitations and…

ING-INF/06 - BIOINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA E INFORMATICAAdaptive thresholding; Bimodal intensity distribution; Evolutionary computation; Image pre-processing; Magnetic Resonance imaging; Quantitative medical imagingComputer scienceAdaptive thresholdingImage ProcessingDecision MakingNeurosurgeryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHealth InformaticsContext (language use)Adaptive thresholding; Bimodal intensity distribution; Evolutionary computation; Image pre-processing; Magnetic Resonance imaging; Quantitative medical imaging; Algorithms; Brain Neoplasms; Computer Simulation; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Image Processing Computer-Assisted; Leiomyoma; Neurosurgery; Radiosurgery; Software; Magnetic Resonance ImagingEvolutionary computationRadiosurgeryING-INF/05 - SISTEMI DI ELABORAZIONE DELLE INFORMAZIONI030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesComputer-Assisted0302 clinical medicineHistogramQuantitative medical imagingmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationComputer SimulationHistogram equalizationmedicine.diagnostic_testLeiomyomaSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionImage segmentationThresholdingComputer Science ApplicationsBimodal intensity distributionImage pre-processingTransformation (function)Magnetic Resonance imagingFemaleArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsSoftware
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Dual-beam confocal light-sheet microscopy via flexible acousto-optic deflector

2019

Confocal detection in digital scanned laser light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (DSLM) has been established as a gold standard method to improve image quality. The selective line detection of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor camera (CMOS) working in rolling shutter mode allows the rejection of out-of-focus and scattered light, thus reducing background signal during image formation. Most modern CMOS have two rolling shutters, but usually only a single illuminating beam is used, halving the maximum obtainable frame rate. We report on the capability to recover the full image acquisition rate via dual confocal DSLM by using an acoustooptic deflector. Such a simple solution enables us t…

Image formationPaperMaterials scienceImage qualityConfocalBiomedical Engineeringacousto-optic deflector; confocal detection; digital scanned laser light-sheet fluorescence microscopy; high contrast; high-throughput microscopy; light-sheet microscopy; mouse brain; zebrafish brainconfocal detection01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsBiomaterialsMiceacousto-optic deflectorOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsZebrafishhigh-throughput microscopyconfocal light-sheet microscopyMicroscopyMicroscopy Confocalbusiness.industryhigh contrastRolling shutterBrainEquipment DesignLaserFrame ratezebrafish brainAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysMice Inbred C57BLdigital scanned laser light-sheet fluorescence microscopyMicroscopy FluorescenceLight sheet fluorescence microscopyLarvamouse brainbusinesslight-sheet microscopyJournal of Biomedical Optics
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Brancati su Pirandello e il pirandellismo

2019

Nel romanzo breve "Sogno di un valzer" uscito a puntate su “Quadrivio”, dal 5 giugno al 14 agosto 1938, Vitaliano Brancati mette in scena, tra osservazione dei luoghi e rilevamento di costume, un’umanità fuori misura, continuamente in bilico tra realtà e sogno. A Caltanissetta (Nissa) la città nel cui Istituto magistrale lo scrittore, voltate le spalle alla Roma fascista, è venuto a insegnare, personaggi non appariscenti, insignificanti, che tuttavia covano desideri, si arrovellano in domande metafisiche. Prende così forma il leitmotiv delle critica al pirandellismo che più volte con ironia sottile affiora negli scritti brancatiani. Il saggio mostra come esso si intrecci con la comicità sul…

In the short novel "Sogno di un valzer" published on "Quadrivio" from 5 June to 14 August 1938 Vitaliano Brancati enacts between observation of places and survey of customs a world beyond measure constantly hovering between reality and dream. In Caltanissetta (Nissa) the city in which the writer is the magistral institute turned his back on fascist Rome he came to teach unobtrusive insignificant characters who nevertheless covet desires racking their brains in metaphysical questions. Thus the leitmotiv of the critics of pirandellism takes shape which often with subtle irony emerges in the Brancatian writings. The essay shows how it intertwines with the sulphurous comedy of the writer of Don Giovanni in Sicilia who tracing a particular topography of the island supported by inner relief leads his analysis of eccentric behaviors and of the aberrations of the mind in which the trivialized Pirandellian thought ends to become an explosive element.
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Neurochemical correlates of brain atrophy in fibromyalgia syndrome: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cortical thickness study

2020

(1) Background: Recently, a series of clinical neuroimaging studies on fibromyalgia (FM) have shown a reduction in cortical volume and abnormally high glutamate (Glu) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) levels in regions associated with pain modulation. However, it remains unclear whether the volumetric decreases and increased Glu levels in FM are related each other. We hypothesized that higher Glu levels are related to decreases in cortical thickness (CT) and volume in FM patients. (2) Methods: Twelve females with FM and 12 matched healthy controls participated in a session of combined 3.0 Tesla structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-voxel MR spectroscopy focused on the thalami…

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopymedicine.medical_specialtybrain MRIArticlelcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeurochemicalAtrophyNeuroimagingGyrusFibromyalgiaInternal medicinemedicinecortical thicknelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMR spectroscopyGlutamate receptorSettore MED/37 - Neuroradiologiacortical thicknessmedicine.diseaseSubcortical gray matterEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurefibromyalgia; glutamate excitotoxicity; cortical thickness; brain MRI; chronic pain; MR spectroscopyMR spectroscopy; brain MRI; chronic pain; cortical thickness; fibromyalgia; glutamate excitotoxicity.fibromyalgiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapiabusinesschronic pain030217 neurology & neurosurgeryglutamate excitotoxicity
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INCLUSIVE PEDAGOGY AND TEACHER TRAINING TOWARDS HIGH QUALITY EDUCATION PROCESSES.A RESEARCH WITH FUTURE SUPPORT TEACHERS

2022

Fornire un’educazione di qualità, equa ed inclusiva e opportunità di apprendimento per tutti è la base per migliorare la vita delle persone e raggiungere lo sviluppo sostenibile. Forte degli insegnamenti trattidagli Obiettivi di Sviluppo del Millennio (OSM), l’obiettivo 4 dell’Agenda 2030 non si limita all’istruzione primaria, ma fotografa in modo completo tutti i passi che sono necessari per garantire, in ogni parte del mondo, un'educazione di qualità, equa e accessibile a tutti. In tale contesto è fondamentale una particolare attenzione allo sviluppo delle competenze degli insegnanti e della loro capacità riflessiva e di lettura critica della propria esperienza professionale. Gli approcci…

Inclusive education reflexivity Neuroeducation Brain-based techniquesInclusione riflessività Neurodidattica tecniche Brain-based
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Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury.

2007

The knowledge of the pathophysiology after traumatic head injury is necessary for adequate and patient-oriented treatment. As the primary insult, which represents the direct mechanical damage, cannot be therapeutically influenced, target of the treatment is the limitation of the secondary damage (delayed non-mechanical damage). It is influenced by changes in cerebral blood flow (hypo- and hyperperfusion), impairment of cerebrovascular autoregulation, cerebral metabolic dysfunction and inadequate cerebral oxygenation. Furthermore, excitotoxic cell damage and inflammation may lead to apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Understanding the multidimensional cascade of secondary brain injury offers…

InflammationNecrosisTraumatic brain injurybusiness.industryInflammationVasospasmBrain Edemamedicine.disease_causemedicine.diseaseBioinformaticsPathophysiologyOxidative StressAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineOxygen ConsumptionCerebral blood flowAnesthesiaBrain InjuriesCerebrovascular CirculationmedicineHumansmedicine.symptombusinessCell damageOxidative stressBritish journal of anaesthesia
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Causal brain-heart information transfer during visual emotional elicitation in healthy subjects: Preliminary evaluations and future perspectives

2017

Complex heartbeat dynamics is known to reflect subject's emotional state, thanks to numerous links to brain cortical and subcortical regions. Likewise, specific brain regions are deeply involved in vagally-mediated emotional processing and regulation. Nevertheless, although the brain-heart interplay has been studied during visual emotion elicitation, directional interactions have not been investigated so far. To fill this gap, in this study we investigate brain-heart dynamics during emotional elicitation in healthy subjects through measures of Granger causality (GC) between the two physiological systems. Data were gathered from 22 healthy volunteers who underwent pleasant/ unpleasant affect…

Information transferHeartbeatPhotic StimulationEmotionsBiomedical EngineeringSignal Processing; Biomedical Engineering; 1707; Health InformaticsHealth InformaticsElectroencephalography01 natural sciencesBrain mappingLateralization of brain function010305 fluids & plasmasDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHeart Rate0103 physical sciencesmedicinePrefrontal cortexInternational Affective Picture System1707Brain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainElectroencephalographyHealthy VolunteersSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaSignal ProcessingPsychologyPhotic Stimulation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
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