Search results for " Cardiomyopathy"
showing 10 items of 152 documents
Mechanisms of Increased Vascular Superoxide Production in an Experimental Model of Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
2005
Objective— In the present study, we sought to identify mechanisms underlying increased oxidative stress in vascular tissue in an experimental animal model of chronic congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results— Superoxide and nitric oxide (NO) was measured in vessels from cardiomyopathic hamsters (CHF hamsters) and golden Syrian hamsters. We also determined expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOSIII), the soluble guanylyl cyclase, the cGMP-dependent kinase, and the NADPH oxidase. To analyze the contribution of the renin-angiotensin system to oxidative stress, CHF hamsters were treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril for 200 days (120 mg · kg …
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is related to left ventricular dysfunction and remodelling in dilated cardiomyopathy, but is not affected by growth hormone t…
2007
Background and aims Cardiomyocyte apoptosis (CA) is a common feature of end-stage heart failure. We examined whether CA is associated with cardiac dysfunction and remodelling in heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy and studied the effect of human growth hormone (hGH) on CA. Methods and results We studied 38 patients, included in a phase III multi-center, randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial of biosynthetic hGH treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy, at baseline and after 14 weeks treatment. Twenty-six patients received hGH and 12 received placebo. CA was quantified in endomyocardial biopsies using the TUNEL assay. CA correlated with left ventricular size (r=0.43, p=0.00…
Differential contribution of dead space ventilation and low arterial pCO2 to exercise hyperpnea in patients with chronic heart failure secondary to i…
2003
In chronic heart failure (CHF), the abnormally large ventilatory response to exercise (VE/VCO(2) slope) has 2 conceptual elements: the requirement of restraining arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) from increasing (because of an increased ratio between increased physiologic dead space and tidal volume [VD/VT]) and the depression of arterial pCO(2) by further increased ventilation, which necessarily implies an important non-carbon dioxide stimulus to ventilation. We aimed to assess the contribution of these 2 factors in determining the elevated VE/VCO(2) slope in CHF. Thirty patients with CHF underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (age 65 +/- 11 years, left ventricular e…
The influence of atorvastatin on parameters of inflammation left ventricular function, hospitalizations and mortality in patients with dilated cardio…
2013
Background: We assessed the influence of atorvastatin on selected indicators of an inflammatory condition, left ventricular function, hospitalizations and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods. We included 68 DCM patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% treated optimally in a prospective, randomized study. They were observed for 5 years. Patients were divided into two groups: patients who were commenced on atorvastatin 40 mg daily for two months followed by an individually matched dose of 10 or 20 mg/day (group A), and patients who were treated according to current recommendations without statin therapy (group B). Results: After 5-year follow-u…
Increased exercise ejection fraction and reversed remodeling after long-term treatment with metoprolol in congestive heart failure: a randomized, str…
2003
Background: the effects of long-term administration of β-blockers on left ventricular (LV) function during exercise in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are controversial. Patients and methods: patients with stable congestive heart failure (CHF) (New York heart association [NYHA] class II and III) and ejection fraction (EF) ≤0.40 were randomized to metoprolol, 50 mg t.i.d. or placebo for 6 months. Patients were divided into two groups: ischemic heart disease (IHD) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The mean EF was 0.29 in both groups and 92% were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In the IHD group, 84% had su…
Rare cardiomyopathies: Diagnostic features
2013
Cardiomyopathies (CM) are an important and heterogeneous group of diseases affecting the myocardium. They can induce mechanical and/or electrical disorders and are due to a variety of causes, they frequently are genetic. However, since their high number and their clinical complexity, the identification is still a challenge. Echocardiography is a very useful tool in the assessment of CM. In this review we aim to define the typical clinical features and to discuss the main diagnostic tool, above all echocardiography that can help physicians in the correct assessment of CM.
Inorganic Nitrate Therapy Improves Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy
2011
The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent and effective antineoplastic antibiotic agent widely used in the treatment of a broad range of forms of cancer. The clinical use of DOX is limited by cardiotoxicity, which increases dose dependently and may lead to dilated cardiomyopathy and clinical
[Diagnostic performance of surface electrocardiogram in early detection of chagasic cardiomyopathy].
2013
Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) allows early detection of myocardial involvement by Trypanosoma cruzi infection. The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) in the early detection of Chagas' cardiomyopathy (CCM) compared with CMR.We included 43 asymptomatic patients (30 women, 42 ± 9.8 years), diagnosed of Chagas disease. The sample was divided into 2 groups according to the presence (n=17) or absence (n=26) of electrocardiographic abnormalities. All patients underwent CMR and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was used as a marker of early myocardial involvement.Six (14%) patients had a LGE significantly hig…
Scientometrics analysis of research activity and collaboration patterns in Chagas cardiomyopathy.
2018
Background Chagas cardiomyopathy is a serious and common complication of Chagas disease. Methods Through bibliometric and Social Network Analysis, we examined patterns of research on Chagas cardiomyopathy, identifying the main countries, authors, research clusters, and topics addressed; and measuring the contribution of different countries. Results We found 1932 documents on Chagas cardiomyopathy in the MEDLINE database. The most common document type was ‘journal article’, accounting for 79.6% of the total (n = 1538), followed by ‘review’ (n = 217, 11.2%). The number of published records increased from 156 in 1980–1984 to 311 in 2010–2014. Only 2.5% were clinical trials. Brazil and the USA …
Comparison of Nonclassic and Classic Phenotype of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Focused on Prognostic Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Parameters: A Single-C…
2022
Patients with nonclassic phenotypes (NCP)—more advanced stages of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)—constitute an intriguing and heterogeneous group that is difficult to diagnose, risk-stratify, and treat, and often neglected in research projects. We aimed to compare cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters in NCP versus classic phenotypes (CP) of HCM with special emphasis given to the parameters of established and potential prognostic importance, including numerous variables not used in everyday clinical practice. The CMR studies of 88 patients performed from 2011 to 2019 were postprocessed according to the study protocol to obtain standard and non-standard parameters. In NCP, the late …