Search results for " Cognition"

Human Sensorimotor Communication: A Theory of Signaling in Online Social Interactions

2013

Although the importance of communication is recognized in several disciplines, it is rarely studied in the context of online social interactions and joint actions. During online joint actions, language and gesture are often insufficient and humans typically use non-verbal, sensorimotor forms of communication to send coordination signals. For example, when playing volleyball, an athlete can exaggerate her movements to signal her intentions to her teammates (say, a pass to the right) or to feint an adversary. Similarly, a person who is transporting a table together with a co-actor can push the table in a certain direction to signal where and when he intends to place it. Other examples of ``si…

Grounding the self in action

2003

Consciousness and cognition are phenomena that seem to be inextricably bound to an individual first-person perspective: at least in standard situations, there is not only conscious experience, but also an experiencing self. And there is not only thought as such, but a thinking self as well. Why is there not only the flow of experience, but also someone—someone who has these experiences? And why do most thoughts not just occur in a free-floating way, like clouds in the sky, but seem to originate from—and within—a thinking self, a self somehow mentally portrayed as an independent cause in itself, a cognitive agent? Presently, in a number of different disciplines, two general answers seem to s…

Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Emotion Regulation in Insecure Adolescents: Study Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

2016

Background: Emotional dysregulation and impaired attachment are potential contributors to the development of psychopathology in adolescence. This raises the question of whether oxytocin (OT), the paradigmatic “attachment hormone,” may be beneficial in such contexts. Recent evidence suggests that intranasal administration of OT increases affiliative behavior, including trust and empathy. OT may also facilitate social reciprocity by attenuating the stress response to interpersonal conflict. To date, few studies have investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) on neurophysiological emotion regulation strategies in healthy adolescents, particularly during parent-adolescent interacti…

Editorial: Reaching to Grasp Cognition: Analyzing Motor Behavior to Investigate Social Interactions

2018

Ethical Stance and Evolving Technosexual Culture : A Case for Human-Computer Interaction

2021

Issues relating to ethics and how moral principles evolve are imminently engrained in culture. Culture and technology cannot be separated from one another, as both are processes and reflections of social cognition and experience through action and practice. Technology is the embodiment of values and enabler of culture. As technology develops and human relationships to information technology (IT) become ever more intricate and intimate the cultural framework underpinning values and ethics also morphs. The Internet is everywhere and humans are reliant on it for everything from banking to maintaining family relationships. Anything an individual could possibly desire can be found within the mas…

Serum alkaline phosphatase is elevated and inversely correlated with cognitive functions in subjective cognitive decline: results from the ReGAl 2.0 …

2020

Background: Alkaline phosphatase has been found on neuronal membranes and plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increases during brain injury and cerebrovascular diseases, suggesting that its levels may reflect the neuronal loss. It is known that ALP is higher in subjects affected by Alzheimer’s dementia and inversely correlated with cognitive functions. No study has investigated the relationship between ALP and cognitive functions in old-age subject with pre-clinical cognitive impairment. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data gathered from the ReGAl 2.0 project (Rete Geriatrica Alzheimer-Geriatric Network on Alzheimer’s disease), a large Italian multicentric clinical-base…

Rehabilitation and Improvement of the Postural Function

2015

Posture refers to the position of different body segments at a given time which can be modified through joint mobilization and the action of the neuromuscular system. Maintaining balance during bipedal quiet stance requires complex mechanisms from the postural control system in order to keep the vertical projection of the centre of mass (COM) within the base of support [1]. To achieve this aim, the centre of pressure (COP) plays a crucial role to compensate for any deviations of the COM, which can generate imbalance if they move beyond the limits of the base of support. The ability to control the COM depends on internal body representation in space. Internal representation is acquired by me…

0137 : Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following acute cerebral events

2016

International audience; ObjectiveTakotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by a transient apical ventricular dysfunction typically induced by an acute stress. Acute cerebral events including ischemic stroke (IS) or Epileptic Event (EE) may both be associated with massive catecholamine release. We aimed to identify the characteristics and outcomes of patients who experienced Takotsubo syndrome complicating an IS or EE.MethodsBetween 2008 and 2013, 87 patients were admitted in our Intensive Care Unit for suspected Takotsubo syndrome, of whom 6 previously experienced acute cerebral symptoms with either IS or EE, within two days. Takotsubo syndrome was diagnosed on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, e…

Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry

2015

International audience; Psychiatry is at an important juncture, with the current pharmacologically focused model having achieved modest benefits in addressing the burden of poor mental health worldwide. Although the determinants of mental health are complex, the emerging and compelling evidence for nutrition as a crucial factor in the high prevalence and incidence of mental disorders suggests that diet is as important to psychiatry as it is to cardiology, endocrinology, and gastroenterology. Evidence is steadily growing for the relation between dietary quality (and potential nutritional deficiencies) and mental health, and for the select use of nutrient-based supplements to address deficien…

Cognitive benefits of exercise interventions: an fMRI activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis.

2021

Despite a growing number of functional MRI studies reporting exercise-induced changes during cognitive processing, a systematic determination of the underlying neurobiological pathways is currently lacking. To this end, our neuroimaging meta-analysis included 20 studies and investigated the influence of physical exercise on cognition-related functional brain activation. The overall meta-analysis encompassing all experiments revealed physical exercise-induced changes in the left parietal lobe during cognitive processing. Subgroup analysis further revealed that in the younger-age group (< 35 years old) physical exercise induced more widespread changes in the right hemisphere, whereas in th…