Search results for " Cognitive sciences"
showing 10 items of 5190 documents
The experience of sexuality in adults with intellectual disability
2017
Background People with intellectual disability have the same sexual needs as those without any disability, yet their sexuality is often restricted by reluctant attitudes and/or fears based on irrational beliefs. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse different areas of sexuality in adults with mild or moderate intellectual disability. Method The sample consisted of 180 men and 180 women attending occupational centres. All the participants were administered a questionnaire about sexuality adapted to their characteristics. Results Results show that 84.2% have had sexual relationships with another person, this percentage being higher in females and in people aged between 38 and 55 ye…
Do typically and atypically developing children learn and generalize novel names similarly: The role of conceptual distance during learning and at te…
2020
International audience; There is a large body of evidence showing that comparison of multiple stimuli leads to better conceptualization and generalization of novel names than no-comparison settings in typically developing (TD) children. By contrast, the evidence regarding this issue remains scarce in children with intellectual disabilities (ID). Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) and TD children matched on mental age with the Raven's coloured progressive matrices were tested in several novel name learning comparison conditions, with familiar objects. We manipulated the conceptual distance between the learning stimuli in the learning phase and between the learning and generalizatio…
2018
ABSTRACTAlthough music is the fundamental element of music therapy, music analysis methods are a particularly under-researched area. This study investigates how and when psychodynamically orientated music therapists employ the analysis of musical material in both clinical work and research. Constructivist grounded theory was employed in the collection and analysis of the data. Eight participants, all highly experienced in psychodynamic music therapy, were recruited using referral sampling. In-depth interviews focused on therapists’ experiences of working with different client groups, and the applicability of different assessment methods. Strauss and Corbin’s coding paradigm was used to dete…
Effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on maternal anxiety, wellbeing, and mother-infant relationship after preterm birth: a mixed methods …
2020
Introduction: Preterm birth may disturb the typical development of the mother– infant relationship, when physical separation and emotional distress in the neonatal intensive care unit may increase maternal anxiety and create challenges for early interaction. This cluster-randomized controlled trial examined the effects of maternal singing during kangaroo care on mothers’ anxiety, wellbeing, and the early mother– infant relationship after preterm birth. Method: In the singing intervention group, a certified music therapist guided the mothers (n = 24) to sing or hum during daily kangaroo care during 33–40 gestational weeks (GW). In the control group, the mothers (n = 12) conducted daily kanga…
DESARROLLO EVOLUTIVO Y SEVERIDAD DEL TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA EN NIÑOS: RELACIÓN CON EL CI
2016
El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que se caracteriza principalmente por la alteración en el área de la comunicación social. Es importante su identificación temprana para su intervención. Nuestro estudio pretende estudiar qué áreas del desarrollo están más afectadas y su relación con la severidad del diagnóstico. Para ello participaron 51 familias con niños con diagnóstico clínico de Trastorno del Espectro Autista. Se administraron pruebas de CI verbal y no-verbal, el test Gars-2 y el Inventario de Desarrollo de la Battelle. Los resultados mostraron que las áreas de comunicación expresiva y personal/social estaban más deterioradas en los sujetos de l…
‘Celebrating diverse motherhood’: physically disabled women’s counter-narratives to their stigmatised identity as mothers
2018
This study examined how disabled women negotiated their stigmatised identity as mothers by presenting counter-narratives to the culturally dominant narrative of disabled motherhood. Eleven Finnish physically disabled mothers were interviewed. The data were analysed by focusing on these counter-narratives, their linguistic features and their functions in the interviews. The disabled mothers produced four types of counter-narratives about their motherhood experiences: (1) celebrating diverse motherhood through individual coping; (2) performing motherhood through collaborative caring; (3) boosting motherhood through praising one’s children; and (4) normalising (disabled women’s) motherhood thr…
Actitudes de la población general hacia las relaciones sexuales de las Personas con diversidad funcional: variables moduladoras
2017
La población general no muestra la misma tolerancia hacia las relaciones sexuales entre personas del mismo sexo que entre heterosexuales, y lo mismo ocurre con las relaciones entre personas de diferente edad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar si la tolerancia hacia las relaciones sexuales de las personas con diversidad funcional también depende de aspectos tales como la edad de los miembros de la pareja, la orientación sexual que tengan y sobre todo del tipo de discapacidad. Para ello, 450 personas rellenaron una escala de actitudes hacia las relaciones sexuales en personas con discapacidad donde se cruzaban dos variables (edad y orientación sexual). En una escala entre 1 (Totalmente…
Actitudes hacia la sexualidad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual: ¿difiere la población general de las propias personas con discapacidad in…
2020
Un aspecto esencial para garantizar la calidad de vida en las personas con Discapacidad Intelectual (PDI) es la salud sexual. Pese a que en los últimos años se ha aumentado la atención en esta cuestión, es determinante conocer si existen prejuicios que pueden afectar al desarrollo saludable. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido comparar las actitudes hacia la sexualidad de las PDI que tienen ellas mismas con las que tiene la población general (PPG). Para ello un total de 100 PDI (50% hombres y 50% mujeres), de 19 a 55 años completaron la Escala de Percepción Sexual, y 454 PPG (39.4% hombres y 60.6% mujeres), de entre 20-82 años completaron la Escala de Actitudes para la Sexualidad en Persona…
Actitudes hacia la sexualidad: ¿difieren las personas con discapacidad intelectual de la población general?
2016
Las actitudes hacia la expresión sexual de las personas con discapacidad sexual por parte de la población general siguen siendo muy restrictivas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las actitudes hacia la sexualidad en un grupo de personas con y sin discapacidad intelectual. Se utiliza la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Sexualidad y un cuestionario sociodemográfico en una muestra de 729 personas divididas en dos subgrupos, 360 personas con DI y 369 personas sin DI. Los resultados revelan que el 6.1% de los sujetos con DI presentan actitudes conservadoras mientras que el 93.9% tienen actitudes moderadas. Por su parte, el 0.5% de los sujetos sin discapacidad presentan actitudes conservadoras…
Children with Down syndrome in Finland and Italy: comparing adaptive behavior and services
2016
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare a sample of Italian (n = 29) and Finnish children (n = 32) with Down syndrome for possible differences emerging from diverse educational surroundings. Besides the level of adaptive and challenging behaviors, some other issues were compared, including teacher satisfaction. Methods: We used the children’s teachers as informants. They were interviewed using standardized scales. Results: No differences in adaptive behavior or challenging behavior were observed between the samples. All children from the Italian sample were fully included in mainstream classes, while in the Finnish sample, 92% of all the school years were spent in self-contained sp…