Search results for " Comparison"

showing 10 items of 583 documents

Estimation and visualization of confusability matrices from adaptive measurement data

2010

Abstract We present a simple but effective method based on Luce’s choice axiom [Luce, R.D. (1959). Individual choice behavior: A theoretical analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons] for consistent estimation of the pairwise confusabilities of items in a multiple-choice recognition task with arbitrarily chosen choice-sets. The method combines the exact (non-asymptotic) Bayesian way of assessing uncertainty with the unbiasedness emphasized in the classical frequentist approach. We apply the method to data collected using an adaptive computer game designed for prevention of reading disability. A player’s estimated confusability of phonemes (or more accurately, phoneme–grapheme connections) and l…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsBayesian probabilityConfusion matrixMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputer gameVisualizationBayesian statisticsFrequentist inferencePairwise comparisonArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmGeneral PsychologyAxiomJournal of Mathematical Psychology
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ACCURATE DENSE STEREO MATCHING FOR ROAD SCENES

2017

International audience; Stereo matching task is the core of applications linked to the intelligent vehicles. In this paper, we present a new variant function of the Census Transform (CT) which is more robust against radiometric changes in real road scenes. We demonstrate that the proposed cost function outperforms the conventional cost functions using the KITTI benchmark. The cost aggregation method is also updated for taking into account the edge information. This enables to improve significantly the aggregated costs especially within homogenous regions. The Winner-Takes-All (WTA) strategy is used to compute disparity values. To further eliminate the remainder matching ambiguities , a post…

Computer sciencebusiness.industry[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO][INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]0211 other engineering and technologiesStereo matchingCross Comparison Census02 engineering and technologyStereo visionCross based aggregationStereopsisCensus TransformRobustness (computer science)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiometry[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness021101 geological & geomatics engineering
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Vectors of Pairwise Item Preferences

2019

Neural embedding has been widely applied as an effective category of vectorization methods in real-world recommender systems. However, its exploration of users’ explicit feedback on items, to create good quality user and item vectors is still limited. Existing neural embedding methods only consider the items that are accessed by the users, but neglect the scenario when a user gives high or low rating to a particular item. In this paper, we propose Pref2Vec, a method to generate vector representations of pairwise item preferences, users and items, which can be directly utilized for machine learning tasks. Specifically, Pref2Vec considers users’ pairwise item preferences as elementary units. …

Computer scienceneuraalilaskentaInitialization02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesRecommender systemMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringvectorizationPreference (economics)Independence (probability theory)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbusiness.industryComputer Science::Information RetrievalsuosittelujärjestelmätConditional probabilityneural embeddingVectorization (mathematics)Benchmark (computing)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingPairwise comparisonArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer
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Comparative evaluation of molecular methods for the quantitative measure of torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia, the new surrogate marker of immune compete…

2019

Background Torquetenovirus (TTV) viremia is emerging as a promising tool to assess functional immune competence, to predict posttransplant immune-related complications, and eventually to customize immunosuppression. Methods In this study, 327 blood samples were tested using two real-time PCR (rtPCR) assays both targeted to the untranslated region of the TTV genome. The first assay was an in-house rtPCR developed by our group, the second one was the recently marketed TTV R-GENE assay. Results In the validation study, the TTV R-GENE showed good performances in precision and reproducibility, and sensitivity as low as 12 TTV DNA copies/mL, like previously reported for the in-house rtPCR. The Bl…

Concordancedigital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR; torquetenovirusViremiaTTVBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionComparative evaluation03 medical and health sciencesTTV; digital droplet PCR; methods comparison; real-time PCR0302 clinical medicineImmune systemVirologymedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineViremiaDigital droplet pcrTorque teno virusSurrogate endpointReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.diseaseVirologyDNA Virus InfectionsQuantitative measuretorquetenovirusInfectious DiseasesReal-time polymerase chain reactionCase-Control StudiesDNA Viral030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyreal-time PCRImmunocompetencedigital droplet PCRBiomarkersmethods comparison
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Newborn infants' auditory system is sensitive to Western music chord categories

2013

Neural encoding of abstract rules in the audition of newborn infants has been recently demonstrated in several studies using event-related potentials (ERPs). In the present study the neural encoding of Western music chords was investigated in newborn infants. Using ERPs, we examined whether the categorizations of major vs. minor and consonance vs. dissonance are present at the level of the change-related mismatch response (MMR). Using an oddball paradigm, root minor, dissonant and inverted major chords were presented in a context of consonant root major chords. The chords were transposed to several different frequency levels, so that the deviant chords did not include a physically deviant f…

Consonantmedicine.medical_specialtymusic perceptionnewborns515 Psychologylcsh:BF1-990musiikkiAudiology050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineevent-related potentials (ERP)medicineLearningta616Auditory systemPsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmusicOriginal Research ArticleWestern musicelectroencephalography (EEG)Oddball paradigmdevelopmentGeneral Commentary Articleadult comparisonsta515General Psychologyauditory processinginterpretationsinfants05 social sciencesConsonance and dissonancemismatch negativity (MMN)humanitiesenculturationlcsh:Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureCategorizationChord (music)Psychology030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Social comparison, coping and depression in people with spinal cord injury

2006

The present study among 70 people with spinal cord injury examined the prevalence and correlates of identification (seeing others as a potential future) and contrast (seeing others in competitive terms) in social comparison as related to coping and depression. The most prevalent social comparison strategy was downward contrast (a positive response to seeing others who were worse-off), followed by upward identification (a positive response to perceiving better-off others as a potential future), downward identification (a negative response to perceiving worse-off others as a potential future), and upward contrast (a negative response to seeing others who were better-off). Those with less seve…

Coping (psychology)IMPACTWishful thinkingCoping behaviorADJUSTMENTDevelopmental psychologyDISABLED INDIVIDUALSPSYCHOLOGYsocial comparisonmedicineDOWNWARD EVALUATIONSpinal cord injuryApplied PsychologyCANCER-TREATMENTSocial comparison theoryHEALTH-STATUSPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSELF-EVALUATIONGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistrymedicine.diseasespinal cord injurycopingPSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIESPositive responseNegative responsedepressionSelf evaluationARTHRITISPsychologyPsychology & Health
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Palliative Care Professionals' Inner Lives: Cross-Cultural Application of the Awareness Model of Self-Care

2021

Compassionate professional qualities traditionally have not received the most attention in either critical or end of life care. Constant exposure to death, time pressure and workload, inadequate coping with personal emotions, grieving, and depression urge the development of an inner curricula of competences to promote professional quality of life and compassionate care. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the universality of these problems and the need to equip ourselves with rigorously validated measurement and monitoring approaches that allow for unbiased comparisons. The main objective of this study was to offer evidence on the generalizability of the awareness model of self-care across thr…

Coping (psychology)Palliative careLeadership and Managementmedia_common.quotation_subjectApplied psychologycompassion fatiguelcsh:MedicineHealth Informaticscompassionate careArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineQuality of life (healthcare)OptimismHealth Information ManagementHealth careGeneralizability theory030212 general & internal medicinemedia_commonbusiness.industrycross-cultural comparisonHealth Policycompassion satisfactionlcsh:RCompassion fatigue030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPsychologybusinessEnd-of-life care
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Diagnóstico etilógico de la disfunción ventricular izquierda con tomografia computerizada: comparación con coronariografía y cardiorresonancia

2012

[EN] Introduction and objectives To evaluate the capability of multidetector computed tomography to diagnose the coronary etiology of left ventricular dysfunction compared with using invasive coronary angiography and magnetic resonance. Methods Forty consecutive patients with left ventricular dysfunction of uncertain etiology underwent invasive coronary angiography and contrast magnetic resonance. All patients were evaluated with multidetector computed tomography including coronary calcium presence and score, noninvasive coronary angiography, and myocardial tissue assessment. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the presence of coronary calcium to identify left ventricular dysfunction…

Coronary angiographyMaleScoring systemCardiac magnetic resonanceCoronary angiographyESTADISTICA E INVESTIGACION OPERATIVACoronariografíaComputed tomographyReviewCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographyDiagnostic accuracyVentricular Dysfunction LeftProspective StudiesAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testAngiocardiographyCalcinosisGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingInvasive coronary angiographySensitivity and specificityCardiologycardiovascular systemTomografía computarizada con multidetectoresFemaleRadiologyHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyContrast enhancementClinical articleSensitivity and SpecificityHeart left ventricle failureSingle testMultidetector computed tomographyNecrosisInternal medicineMultidetector computed tomographyMultidetector Computed TomographymedicineHumansClinical evaluationcardiovascular diseasesAgedCardiac patientbusiness.industryIntermethod comparisonMagnetic resonance imagingResonancia magnética cardiacaEtiologyCalciumCardiovascular magnetic resonanceAgatston calcium scoreCardiac magnetic resonancebusinessControlled study
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Data Bases and Statistical Systems: Culture

2015

The measurement of culture in statistical systems is a rather new endeavor. In international comparison, considerable differences exist in classifications and indicators. This article provides an overview of definitional and classificatory approaches as well as transnational attempts of harmonizing cultural statistics. In particular, statistical systems and databases are introduced with regard to the cultural industries, artists, and cultural producers, organizations responsible for the dissemination of culture, and consumers and recipients of culture.

Creative industriesCross national comparisonCultural participationPolitical scienceTaste (sociology)media_common.quotation_subjectSocial scienceConsumption (sociology)The artsmedia_common
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Inquisitio Contra Haereticos. The Inquisition Trials of Witches, Heretics and Secret Societies

2022

By means of very rare manuscripts and precious historical sources (dating back even to the 16th century), this book aims to reconstruct the varied and complex phenomenon of the Inquisition, with particular scientific reference to the events that took place and unfolded in Sicily through the centuries. Based on primary ancient documents, it constitutes a monographic and reasoned catalogue of the international exhibition on the evolution of the Inquisition, curated in Palermo (Italy) by Francesco Callari and Antonio Scaglione. The exhibition, which was supported by an authoritative Scientific Board, was awarded important institutional recognitions and, in particular, the Medal of the Presiden…

Criminal Law Criminal Procedure Human Rights Criminal Justice Historical Comparison Inquisition Torture Fair Trial Criminal evidence Defence RightsSettore IUS/20 - Filosofia Del DirittoSettore IUS/19 - Storia Del Diritto Medievale E ModernoSettore IUS/16 - Diritto Processuale PenaleSettore IUS/17 - Diritto Penale
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