Search results for " Computer Science"

showing 10 items of 3983 documents

The 1970 US Draft Lottery Revisited: A Spatial Analysis

2004

Summary We revise the result of the 1970 selective service draft lottery in the USA following an open question that was suggested by Fienberg in a paper published in Science in 1971. The result of the drawings can be viewed as a particular spatial pattern which can be analysed by using general spatial tools adapted to our context. Approaches for assessing the complete spatial randomness for this spatial process on a finite support are proposed. More specifically, these approaches involve the number of events in a square window and a k(r)-based function used to analyse stationary spatial point processes.

Statistics and ProbabilityService (systems architecture)Complete spatial randomnessTheoretical computer scienceProcess (engineering)media_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)Point processLotteryEconometricsCommon spatial patternStatistics Probability and UncertaintyFunction (engineering)Mathematicsmedia_commonJournal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C: Applied Statistics
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SKINK: a web server for string kernel based kink prediction in α-helices

2014

Abstract Motivation: The reasons for distortions from optimal α-helical geometry are widely unknown, but their influences on structural changes of proteins are significant. Hence, their prediction is a crucial problem in structural bioinformatics. Here, we present a new web server, called SKINK, for string kernel based kink prediction. Extending our previous study, we also annotate the most probable kink position in a given α-helix sequence. Availability and implementation: The SKINK web server is freely accessible at http://biows-inf.zdv.uni-mainz.de/skink. Moreover, SKINK is a module of the BALL software, also freely available at www.ballview.org. Contact:  benny.kneissl@roche.com

Statistics and ProbabilitySkinkWeb serverTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceReal-time computingcomputer.software_genreBiochemistryProtein Structure SecondaryStructural bioinformaticsSoftwareSequence Analysis ProteinString kernelPosition (vector)Ball (mathematics)Molecular BiologyInternetSequencebiologybusiness.industryComputational BiologyProteinsbiology.organism_classificationComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsbusinesscomputerSoftwareBioinformatics
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Selecting the tuning parameter in penalized Gaussian graphical models

2019

Penalized inference of Gaussian graphical models is a way to assess the conditional independence structure in multivariate problems. In this setting, the conditional independence structure, corresponding to a graph, is related to the choice of the tuning parameter, which determines the model complexity or degrees of freedom. There has been little research on the degrees of freedom for penalized Gaussian graphical models. In this paper, we propose an estimator of the degrees of freedom in $$\ell _1$$ -penalized Gaussian graphical models. Specifically, we derive an estimator inspired by the generalized information criterion and propose to use this estimator as the bias term for two informatio…

Statistics and ProbabilityStatistics::TheoryKullback–Leibler divergenceKullback-Leibler divergenceComputer scienceGaussianInformation Criteria010103 numerical & computational mathematicsModel complexityModel selection01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer Science010104 statistics & probabilitysymbols.namesakeStatistics::Machine LearningGeneralized information criterionEntropy (information theory)Statistics::MethodologyGraphical model0101 mathematicsPenalized Likelihood Kullback-Leibler Divergence Model Complexity Model Selection Generalized Information Criterion.Model selectionEstimatorStatistics::ComputationComputational Theory and MathematicsConditional independencesymbolsPenalized likelihoodStatistics Probability and UncertaintySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticaAlgorithmStatistics and Computing
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Gossip: The Architecture of SpreadPlots

2003

A spreadplot is a visualization that simultaneously shows several different views of a dataset or model. The individual views can be dynamic, can support high-interaction direct manipulation, and can be algebraically linked with each other, possibly via an underlying statistical model. Thus, when a data analyst changes the information shown in one view of a statistical model, the changes can be processed by the model and instantly represented in the other views. Spreadplots simplify the analyst's task when many different plots are relevant to the analysis at hand, as is the case in regression analysis, where there are many plots that can be used for model building and diagnosis. On the othe…

Statistics and ProbabilityTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceGossipDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsStatistical modelStatistics Probability and UncertaintyGraphicsUser interfaceSoftware architectureModel buildingVisualizationTask (project management)Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics
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Bayesian Design of “Successful” Replications

2002

Replication of experiments is commonin applied research. However, systematic studies of the goals and motivations of a “replication” are rare. As a consequence, there does not seem to be a precise notion of what a “success” when replicating means. This article discusses some of the possible goals for replication; this leads to different (but precise) notions of “success” when replicating. Bayesian hierarchical models allow for a flexible and explicit incorporation of the assumed relationship among the experiments. Bayesian predictive distributions are a natural tool to compute the probability of the replication being successful, and hence to design the replication so that the probability of…

Statistics and ProbabilityTheoretical computer scienceGeneral MathematicsBayesian probabilityHierarchical database modelBayesian designProbability of successNoncentral t-distributionReplication (statistics)Applied researchStatistics Probability and UncertaintyAlgorithmMathematicsStatistical hypothesis testingThe American Statistician
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Basic networks: Definition and applications

2009

7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table.-- PMID: 19490867 [PubMed]

Statistics and ProbabilityTheoretical computer scienceInteractomeGeodesicinteractomeSteiner tree problemModels BiologicalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyGraph03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeModuleProtein Interaction MappingmoduleAnimalsSteiner tree030304 developmental biologyMathematicsDiscrete mathematics0303 health sciencesModels StatisticalGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyApplied Mathematics030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyGeneral MedicinegraphGraphModeling and SimulationsymbolsNeural Networks ComputerGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesAlgorithms
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Achieving Unbounded Resolution inFinitePlayer Goore Games Using Stochastic Automata, and Its Applications

2012

Abstract This article concerns the sequential solution to a distributed stochastic optimization problem using learning automata and the Goore game (also referred to as the Gur game in the related literature). The amazing thing about our solution is that, unlike traditional methods, which need N automata (where N determines the degree of accuracy), in this article, we show that we can obtain arbitrary accuracy by recursively using only three automata. To be more specific, the Goore game (GG) introduced in Tsetlin (1973) has the fascinating property that it can be resolved in a completely distributed manner with no inter-communication between the players. The game has recently found applicati…

Statistics and ProbabilityTheoretical computer scienceLearning automataSequential gameModeling and SimulationCombinatorial game theoryStochastic optimizationRouting (electronic design automation)Wireless sensor networkField (computer science)MathematicsAutomatonSequential Analysis
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Main individual and product characteristics influencing in-mouth flavour release during eating masticated food products with different textures: mech…

2013

Research Areas: Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; A mechanistic model predicting flavour release during oral processing of masticated foods was developed. The description of main physiological steps (product mastication and swallowing) and physical mechanisms (mass transfer, product breakdown and dissolution) occurring while eating allowed satisfactory simulation of in vivo release profiles of ethyl propanoate and 2-nonanone, measured by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry on ten representative subjects during the consumption of four cheeses with different textures. Model sensitivity analysis showed that the main paramet…

Statistics and Probability[ INFO.INFO-MO ] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and SimulationPhysiology[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFlavourAroma compoundMass spectrometryModels BiologicalDynamic modelMass SpectrometryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEatingchemistry.chemical_compound[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]CheeseMass transfer[ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]HumansAroma compoundMass transferFood scienceParticle SizeSalivaMasticationAromaFood oral processing2. Zero hungerMass transfer coefficientMouthGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyAirApplied MathematicsSaliva ArtificialGeneral MedicineKetonesbiology.organism_classification[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and SimulationDeglutitionchemistryFoodTasteModeling and SimulationMasticationDigestionPropionatesBolus (digestion)General Agricultural and Biological Sciences[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Hybrid Modelling and Control of a Class of Power Converters With Triangular-Carrier PWM Inputs

2021

In this paper, a new control design procedure for a class of power converters based on hybrid dynamical systems theory is presented. The continuous-time dynamics, as voltage and current signals, and discretetime dynamics, as the on-off state of the switches, are captured with a hybrid model. This model avoids the use of averaged and approximated models and includes the PWM as well as the sample-and-hold mechanism, commonly used in the industry. Then, another simplified hybrid system, whose trajectories match with the original one, is selected to design the controller and to analyse stability properties. Finally, an estimation of the chattering in steady state of the voltage and current sign…

Steady state (electronics)hybrid dynamical systemsGeneral Computer ScienceDynamical systems theoryComputer scienceSwitched affine systemsGeneral EngineeringConvertersHybrid dynamical systemsPower (physics)TK1-9971switched affine systemsSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaControl theoryHybrid systemControl systemLyapunov stabilityControl of power convertersGeneral Materials SciencePWMElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringControl of power converters hybrid dynamical systems Lyapunov stability PWM switched affine systemsPulse-width modulation
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Structure from motion using a hybrid stereo-vision system

2015

International audience; This paper is dedicated to robotic navigation using an original hybrid-vision setup combining the advantages offered by two different types of camera. This couple of cameras is composed of one perspective camera associated with one fisheye camera. This kind of configuration , is also known under the name of foveated vision system since it is inspired by the human vision system and allows both a wide field of view and a detail front view of the scene. Here, we propose a generic and robust approach for SFM, which is compatible with a very broad spectrum of multi-camera vision systems, suitable for perspective and om-nidirectional cameras, with or without overlapping fi…

Stereo camerasbusiness.industryComputer scienceMachine vision[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO][INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONField of viewStereopsisComputer graphics (images)Structure from motion[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Computer visionSmart cameraArtificial intelligencebusinessComputer stereo visionStereo camera
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