Search results for " Cooling"

showing 10 items of 278 documents

Experimental characterization of a novel configuration of thermoelectric refrigerator with integrated finned heat pipes

2021

Abstract Thermoelectric refrigerating systems (TER) are environment-friendly technologies. They have several advantages such as low maintenance costs, are less cumbersome and long lifetime. However, these systems have low coefficient of performance and are limited in achieving low temperature levels. This study investigates a new configuration of TE refrigerator employing a novel arrangement of heat sinks with integrated flat and finned heat pipes. A mathematical model is firstly developed to predict transient temperatures and cooling limit time. An experimental characterization is then performed and it includes optimization of energy consumption, cooling time, temperature levels and TE ref…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceThermoelectric coolingMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineering0211 other engineering and technologiesRefrigerator car02 engineering and technologyBuilding and ConstructionCoefficient of performanceHeat sink021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHeat pipeThermoelectric effect021108 energyTransient (oscillation)0210 nano-technologyInternational Journal of Refrigeration
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Thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the DEMO divertor plasma facing components cooling circuit

2017

Abstract Within the framework of the Work Package DIV 1 – “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by ENEA and University of Palermo to investigate the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system. A comparative evaluation study has been performed considering three different options for the cooling circuit layout of the divertor Plasma Facing Components (PFCs). The potential improvement in the thermal-hydraulic performance of the cooling system, to be achieved by modifying cooling circuit layout, has been also assessed and discussed in terms of optimization strategy. The research acti…

Work packageComputer scienceHydraulicsNuclear engineeringComputational fluid dynamics7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionThermal hydraulicsMaterials Science(all)law0103 physical sciencesWater coolingGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFinite volume methodbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringDivertorDEMO Divertor Plasma Facing Components CFD analysis HydraulicsPlasmaNuclear Energy and Engineeringbusiness
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Parametric study of the influence of First Wall cooling water on the Water Cooled Lithium Lead Breeding Blanket nuclear response

2019

Abstract In the framework of EUROfusion Work Package International Cooperation R&D activities, a close collaboration has been started among University of Palermo, ENEA Brasimone and ENEA Frascati for the development of the Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) Breeding Blanket (BB) concept. In this context, a research campaign has been carried out at the University of Palermo in order to investigate the influence of First Wall (FW) cooling water configuration on the nuclear response of the WCLL BB under irradiation in EU-DEMO, in order to gain useful indications for the WCLL BB pre-conceptual designs. To this end, three-dimensional nuclear analyses have been performed by MCNP5 v. 1.6 Monte Carlo…

Work packageNuclear engineeringNeutronicchemistry.chemical_elementContext (language use)DEMO reactorBlanket7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesWater coolingNeutronicsDEMO reactor; Neutronics; WCLL blanketGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringParametric statisticsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringWater cooledNuclear powerWCLL blanketNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryEnvironmental scienceLithiumbusiness
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H-2 vibrational spectral signatures in binary and ternary mixtures: theoretical model, simulation and application to CARS thermometry in high pressur…

2001

International audience; A summary of the main results obtained by the two groups in the field of H-2 vibrational spectral line signatures for various mixtures. in connection with CARS diagnostics of H-2-O-2 combustion systems, is presented. H-2-X Systems may have specific large inhomogeneous spectral features, due to the dependence of the line broadening and line shifting on the (H-2) radiator speed, particularly at high temperature. Thus, careful attention has to be paid to rigorously analyze such features, both from the experimental point of view (Dijon) and from the theoretical one (Besancon). Applications of the present results to high-pressure H-2/air flame thermometry are also briefly…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]line shapeMaterials scienceSPEED-CHANGING COLLISIONSField (physics)REGIMEGeneral Physics and Astronomydiagnostic02 engineering and technologyCombustionLINE-PROFILES01 natural sciencesTemperature measurementSpectral lineOpticsDEPENDENCETEMPERATURES0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsRamanLine (formation)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Spectral signature[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymolecular dynamicsComputational physicsDOPPLERRadiator (engine cooling)SHAPE0210 nano-technologybusinessTernary operationcollisioncombustion
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Modelling of Compressors in an Industrial CO $$_2$$ -Based Operational Cooling System Using ANN for Energy Management Purposes

2019

Large scale cooling installations usually have high energy consumption and fluctuating power demands. There are several ways to control energy consumption and power requirements through intelligent energy and power management, such as utilizing excess heat, thermal energy storage and local renewable energy sources. Intelligent energy and power management in an operational setting is only possible if the time-varying performance of the individual components of the energy system is known. This paper presents an approach to model the compressors in an industrial, operational two-stage cooling system, with CO\(_2\) as the working fluid, located in an advanced food distribution warehouse in Norw…

business.industryComputer scienceEnergy management020209 energy020208 electrical & electronic engineeringCooling load02 engineering and technologyEnergy consumptionThermal energy storageAutomotive engineeringEnergy storageRenewable energy0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringWater coolingElectric powerbusiness
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Field-cooling experiments on the quadrupolar-glass state of (KBr)0.47(KCN)0.53

1990

The shear strain of a mixed cyanide crystal has been measured under field-cooling conditions. The time decay after field removal follows a Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts law. The results are analogous to spin glasses, except that residual permanent strains can be frozen-in.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceField coolingSpin glassCyanideAnalytical chemistryTime decayGeneral Physics and AstronomyhumanitiesPhysics::History of PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryShear stressInorganic compoundPhysical Review Letters
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Influence of plasticizers suggests role of topology in polymer solidification at high cooling rates

2012

Although solidification in processing deter- mines short- and long-term properties, methods for under- standing polymer crystallization mostly rely on real time experiments. Their evidences being drawn on time scales farther apart with respect to those experienced in process- ing. Nor significant outcomes have been so far drawn with approaches mimicking the typical processing times, the Continuous Cooling Transformation methods. Use of these techniques has indeed been limited to a heuristic interpretation of the structure developed under extreme solidification conditions without suggesting alternative routes to the understanding or even clues to the many open questions on polymer crystalliz…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsCrystallization of polymersNucleationGeneral ChemistryPolymerContinuous cooling transformationTopologySurfaces Coatings and Filmslaw.inventionCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundPolybutylene terephthalatechemistrylawMaterials ChemistryPolyethylene terephthalateCrystallizationJournal of Applied Polymer Science
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High-contrast sub-Doppler absorption spikes in a hot atomic vapor cell exposed to a dual-frequency laser field

2017

International audience; The saturated absorption technique is an elegant method widely used in atomic and molecular physics for high-resolution spectroscopy, laser frequency standards and metrology purposes. We have recently discovered that a saturated absorption scheme with a dual-frequency laser can lead to a significant sign reversal of the usual Doppler-free dip, yielding a deep enhanced-absorption spike. In this paper, we report detailed experimental investigations of this phenomenon, together with a full in-depth theoretical description. It is shown that several physical effects can support or oppose the formation of the high-contrast central spike in the absorption profile. The physi…

coherent population trappingGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticssymbols.namesakelawLaser cooling0103 physical sciencesvapor cellPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Spectroscopyoptical pumpingPhysicsQuantum optics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Doppler-free spectroscopydual-frequency laserLaserAtomic clockMetrologyHanle effectsymbolsAtomic physics[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Doppler effect
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Target Cooling Options for Neutron Sources at High Power Densities

2014

Abstract Compact neutron sources in many cases beat large ones when it comes to power density; thus, many issues concerning cooling are shared, and each party can learn a lot from the other facilities. Starting from accrued experience with water cooling at moderate power densities in SINQ over the last 15 years, a brief overview will be attempted showing the relevant parameters and specific approaches at several existing and planned neutron (spallation) sources. Extensions from the established ground of cooling with water will be sketched in two directions. An outline of an experiment planned for freshly determining in a representative geometry the hard limit for water cooling, i.e. full bo…

compactcoolingComputer scienceNuclear engineeringHigh power densityPhysics and Astronomy(all)7. Clean energyCoolantspallationNuclear physicsBoilingWater coolingNeutron sourceNeutronSpallationhigh power densityPower densityPhysics Procedia
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The TRAPSENSOR facility: an open-ring 7 tesla Penning trap for laserbased precision experiments

2019

APenning-trap facility for high-precision mass spectrometry based on a novel detection method has been built. This method consists in measuring motional frequencies of singly-charged ions trapped in strong magnetic fields through the fluorescence photons from laser-cooled 40Ca+ ions, to overcome limitations faced in electronic single-ion detection techniques. The key element of this facility is an open-ring Penning trap coupled upstream to a preparation Penning trap similar to those used at Radioactive Ion Beam facilities. Here we present a full characterization of the trap and demonstrate motional frequency measurements of trapped ions stored by applying external radiofrequency fields in r…

electronPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPenning trapSpectrometry techniqueGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesFrequency measurements010305 fluids & plasmasdecayLaser coolingStrong magnetic fieldsPaul trapPhysics::Atomic PhysicsLaser beamsmass spectrometryPhysicsQuantum PhysicsprotonsEuropean researchInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Beam preparationRadioactive ion beam facilitybeam preparationIon beamsperformanceLaser beamsspectroscopyFOS: Physical sciencesFluorescenceFluorescence detectionFrequency measurementslaser coolingRadio-frequency fields0103 physical sciencesOptical systemsTrapped ionsddc:530010306 general physicsshiptrapIonsPhotonsMass spectrometrysetuppenning trapmass-spectrometryfluorescence detectionionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Humanities
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