Search results for " Density Gradient"

showing 10 items of 40 documents

The yeast histone acetyltransferase A2 complex, but not free Gcn5p, binds stably to nucleosomal arrays.

2000

We have investigated the structural basis for the differential catalytic function of the yeast Gcn5p-containing histone acetyltransferase (HAT) A2 complex and free recombinant yeast Gcn5p (rGcn5p). HAT A2 is shown to be a unique complex that contains Gcn5p, Ada2p, and Ada3p, but not proteins specific to other related HAT A complexes, e.g. ADA, SAGA. Nevertheless, HAT A2 produces the same unique polyacetylation pattern of nucleosomal substrates reported previously for ADA and SAGA, demonstrating that proteins specific to the ADA and SAGA complexes do not influence the enzymatic activity of Gcn5p within the HAT A2 complex. To investigate the role of substrate interactions in the differential …

Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyBiochemistrySubstrate SpecificityFungal ProteinsHistonesTetramerAcetyl Coenzyme AAcetyltransferasesparasitic diseasesCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsMolecular BiologyHistone Acetyltransferaseschemistry.chemical_classificationSubstrate (chemistry)AcetylationCell BiologyHistone acetyltransferaseYeastChromatinRecombinant ProteinsTrypsinizationNucleosomesN-terminusDNA-Binding Proteinsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)EnzymechemistryBiochemistryAcetylationBiophysicsbiology.proteinChickensProtein KinasesThe Journal of biological chemistry
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The purification and properties of nucleoside phosphotransferase from mucosa of chicken intestine

1984

Abstract (1) Nucleoside phosphotransferase (nucleotide:3′-deoxynucleoside 5′-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.77) has been purified from chicken intestine mucosa to apparent homogeneity. The enzyme is represented by a multisubunit protein at different degrees of association. It can dissociate into a compoenent with a marked fall in catalytic activity. (2) The associated forms are similar to the enzyme previously purified from chick embryo as regards: substrate specificity both with respect to nucleoside monophosphate donors and to deoxyribonucleoside acceptors; sigmoidicity in the rate curve with a variable phosphate donor; instability to heat, dilution and lowering of pH; the activating and pr…

StereochemistryCations DivalentProtein subunitBiophysicsBiologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaNucleoside phosphotransferaseCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsUreaNucleotideEnzyme kineticsIntestinal MucosaMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationNucleotidesPhosphotransferasesPhosphatenucleoside phosphotransferaseDeoxyuridineDeoxyribonucleosideMolecular WeightKineticsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryAlcoholsChromatography GelElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelChickens
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Studies on sea urchin oocytes. II. Synthesis of RNA during oogenesis.

1972

Abstract Isolated oocytes of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus actively incorporate 3H-uridine into RNA. Labeled RNA was analysed by sucrose gradient and acrylamide gel electrophoresis following cell fractionation. Much of the radioactivity is incorporated at the nucleolar level in the form of rRNA precursors. The kinetics of maturation of these latter suggests that this occurs at a slower rate than during embryogenesis. Other non-nucleolar RNA classes are also actively labelled and retained in the nucleus for many hours. These results are confirmed by an autoradiographic investigation.

SucroseTime FactorsBiologyCell FractionationTritiumOogenesisParacentrotus lividusbiology.animalBotanyCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisSea urchinUridineOvumCell NucleusHistocytochemistryEmbryogenesisRNACell BiologyRibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationElectrophoresis DiscMolecular WeightBiochemistryRNA RibosomalSea UrchinsAutoradiographyRNAFemaleCell fractionationCell NucleolusExperimental cell research
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Echovirus 1 Endocytosis into Caveosomes Requires Lipid Rafts, Dynamin II, and Signaling EventsV⃞

2004

Binding of echovirus 1 (EV1, a nonenveloped RNA virus) to the α2β1 integrin on the cell surface is followed by endocytic internalization of the virus together with the receptor. Here, video-enhanced live microscopy revealed the rapid uptake of fluorescently labeled EV1 into mobile, intracellular structures, positive for green fluorescent protein-tagged caveolin-1. Partial colocalization of EV1 with SV40 (SV40) and cholera toxin, known to traffic via caveosomes, demonstrated that the vesicles were caveosomes. The initiation of EV1 infection was dependent on dynamin II, cholesterol, and protein phosphorylation events. Brefeldin A, a drug that prevents SV40 transport, blocked the EV1 infection…

SucroseTime FactorsvirusesEndocytic cycleDynamin IIchemistry.chemical_compoundDynamin IIPhosphorylationInternalizationCytoskeletonIn Situ HybridizationIn Situ Hybridization Fluorescencemedia_commonGenes Dominant0303 health sciencesMicroscopy Videobiology030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyArticlesBrefeldin AEndocytosisCell biologyEnterovirus B HumanCholesterolRNA ViralElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelProtein BindingSignal TransductionCholera Toxinmedia_common.quotation_subjectIntegrinGreen Fluorescent ProteinsImmunoblottingEndocytosisTransfectionCell Line03 medical and health sciencesCapsidMembrane MicrodomainsViral entryCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyBinding SitesBrefeldin ACell MembraneCell BiologyKineticschemistryViral replicationMicroscopy Fluorescencebiology.protein
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Thirty years of synaptosome research.

1993

Detached synapses (synaptosomes), first isolated by the author in 1958 and identified as such in 1960, are sealed presynaptic nerve terminals often with a portion of the target cell--sometimes amounting to a complete dendritic spine--adhering to their external surface. They can be prepared in high yield from brain tissue and also in decreasing yield from spinal cord, retina, sympathetic ganglia, myenteric plexus and electric organs. They are sealed structures which, under metabolizing conditions, respire, take up oxygen and glucose, extrude Na+, accumulate K+, maintain a normal membrane potential and, on depolarization, release transmitter in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. They thus provide an …

SynaptosomeNervous systemMembrane potentialNeurotransmitter AgentsHistologyDendritic spineGeneral NeuroscienceResearchModels NeurologicalDepolarizationCell BiologyBiologySynaptic vesicleSynapsemedicine.anatomical_structureSynapsesmedicineBiophysicsCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsAnatomyNeuroscienceMyenteric plexusSynaptosomesJournal of neurocytology
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A homemade device for linear sucrose gradients

2008

We have developed a simple and inexpensive device to obtain linear sucrose gradients with commonly used laboratory materials--a syringe, a flask, a plastic tube, and a piece of Pongo (Play-Doh). Refractive index values measured on sucrose fractions collected using our system demonstrate both the linearity and reliability of the gradients obtained.

centrifugationChromatographySucroseBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryReproducibility of ResultsLinearityCell BiologySucrose gradientsucrose gradientBiochemistryLinear gradientchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCentrifugation Density GradientCosts and Cost AnalysisTube (container)LaboratoriesMolecular BiologyRefractive indexlinear gradientAnalytical Biochemistry
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Effect of digitonin on membrane-bound and chitosomal chitin synthetase activity in protoplasts from yeast cells ofCandida albicans

1993

The effect of digitonin on chitin synthetase present in membrane (MMF) and cytoplasmic fractions (chitosomes) (CF) from C. albicans yeast protoplasts has been determined. The zymogen is preferentially, but not exclusively, solubilized by digitonin from MMF. Centrifugation of distinct solubilized preparations, containing either zymogen, in vivo active enzyme and/or trypsin activated enzyme, on linear sucrose gradients suggests that both zymogen and trypsin activated enzyme sediment slightly slower than the active enzyme, pointing out differences between the activation processes in vivo and in vitro or, alternatively, that both enzyme activities (active in vivo and zymogenic) correspond to di…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_treatmentChitinDigitonindigestive systemMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundZymogenCandida albicansCentrifugation Density GradientmedicineCentrifugationMolecular BiologyChitin SynthaseOrganelleschemistry.chemical_classificationEnzyme PrecursorsProteasebiologyProtoplastsCell MembraneGeneral MedicineChitin synthaseTrypsinEnzymeDigitoninchemistryBiochemistryZymogen activationbiology.proteinmedicine.drugAntonie van Leeuwenhoek
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Description of an improved method for Blastocystis hominis culture and axenization

1996

An improved method for Blastocystis hominis culture and axenization was developed in the present study. Stool samples were cultured in prereduced Boeck-Drbohlav NHI modified medium (with several modifications) supplemented with antibiotics (0.4% ampicillin, 0.1% streptomycin, 0.0006% amphotericin B). Axenization was performed by the combination of partial purification of B. hominis by Ficoll-metrizoic acid gradient and inoculation in fresh medium containing active antibiotics against remaining bacteria. A total of 25 strains were obtained by this procedure. The time required for axenization ranged between 3 and 5 weeks. The generation time of axenic strains ranged from 6.6 to 12.1 h (mean +…

medicine.drug_classAntibioticsBlastocystis InfectionsMicrobiologyFecesAmpicillinAmphotericin BCentrifugation Density GradientmedicineAnimalsHumansBlastocystis hominisAxenicFecesBlastocystisGeneral VeterinarybiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaInfectious DiseasesStreptomycinInsect ScienceParasitologyCell DivisionBacteriamedicine.drugParasitology Research
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Effects on lipoprotein subclasses of combined expression of human hepatic lipase and human apoB in transgenic rabbits

2003

Objective— The effects of combined expression of human hepatic lipase (HL) and human apolipoprotein B (apoB) on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses were examined in rabbits, a species naturally deficient in HL activity. Methods and Results— In apoB-transgenic rabbit plasma, >80% of the protein was found in the 1.006- to 1.050-g/mL fraction. Gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) of this fraction revealed two distinct species, designated large and small LDL. A denser fraction (d=1.050 to 1.063 g/mL) contained small LDL as well as another discrete LDL subspecies, designated very small LDL. Expression of HL resulted in reductions in protein concentrations in the 1.006- to 1.050-g/mL densi…

medicine.medical_specialtyApolipoprotein BRecombinant Fusion ProteinsTriacylglycerol lipaseAnimals Genetically ModifiedSpecies SpecificityInternal medicineCentrifugation Density GradientmedicineAnimalsHumansTriglyceridesApolipoproteins BGel electrophoresischemistry.chemical_classificationLagomorphabiologyLipasebiology.organism_classificationAnimal FeedSpecific Pathogen-Free OrganismsLipoproteins LDLMolecular WeightEndocrinologyEnzymechemistrybiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Density gradient ultracentrifugationRabbitsHepatic lipaseCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineLipoprotein
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3H-cyproterone acetate: binding characteristics to human uterine progestagen receptors

1985

The availability of tritium labeled cyproterone acetate (CPA) facilitated the systematic investigation of the binding characteristics of this compound for human uterine progesterone receptors (PgR). The binding parameters of 3H-CPA are compared to those of 3H-R5020 and 3H-progesterone. The rate constants of association (k1M-1sec-1) to PgR were 7.8 X 10(3) for 3H-R5020, 4.5 X 10(4) for 3H-progesterone and 4.0 X 10(4) for 3H-CPA. The rate constants of dissociation (k-1, sec-1) were 3.6 X 10(-5) for 3H-R5020, 21.3 X 10(-5) for 3H-progesterone and 17.8 X 10(-5) for 3H-CPA. The Kd-values (M), as obtained by titration analysis and subsequent Scatchard plot analysis were 1.2 X 10(-9) for 3H-R5020,…

medicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentStatistics as TopicTritiumBinding CompetitivePromegestoneSteroidchemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyInternal medicineCentrifugation Density GradientmedicineHumansPotencyheterocyclic compoundsCyproteroneBinding siteCyproterone AcetateReceptorProgesteroneUterusCyproterone acetateKineticsEndocrinologychemistryDihydrotestosteronecardiovascular systemCyproteroneFemaleTritiumReceptors Progesteronehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugJournal of Endocrinological Investigation
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