Search results for " Drug"

Comparison of the activity of antifungal hexapeptides and the fungicides thiabendazole and imazalil against postharvest fungal pathogens

2003

8 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables.-- PMID: 14623382 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Dec 31, 2003.

“AD HOC” MODIFIED CLAYS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

Nowadays, the scientific community has to face with cogent problems strictly linked to the improvement of quality of live. Among the different tasks to achieve the prefixed objective the focus has been put on the drug administration, i.e., attention has been paid to propose an appropriate solution to improve the performance of a drug delivery system and to eliminate both the side effect and drawbacks. With the aim to achieve the design, synthesis, and characterization of versatile systems, with peculiar characteristics, based on clays and clays modified with a biocompatible surfactant, able to adsorb and release organic substances of pharmaceutical interest the present PhD thesis has been u…

Therapeutic implications of Cancer Initiating Cells.

2009

Background: Until few years ago, all neoplastic cells within a tumour were suggested to have tumorigenic capacity, but recent evidences hint to the possibility that such feature is confined to a subset of Cancer Initiating Cells (CICs), also called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). These cells are the reservoir of the heterogeneous populations of differentiated cancer cells constituting the tumour bulk. Mechanisms shared with somatic stem cells, such as quiescence, self-renewal ability, asymmetric division and multidrug resistance, allow to these cells to drive tumour growth and to evade conventional therapy. Objective: Here, we give a brief overview on the origin of CICs, the mechanisms involved i…

Inhibition of activated STAT5 in Bcr/Abl expressing leukemia cells with new pimozide derivatives.

2014

STATs are transcription factors acting as intracellular signaling after stimulation with cytokines, growth factors and hormones. STAT5 is also constitutively active in many forms of cancers, including chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Recently, literature reported that the neuroleptic drug pimozide inhibits STAT5 phosphorylation inducing apoptosis in CML cells. We undertook an investigation from pimozide structure, obtaining simple derivatives with cytotoxic and STAT5-inhibitory activity, two of them markedly more potent than pimozide.

Novel Immunologic Approaches to Melanoma Treatment

2017

Approaches to treating melanoma have changed radically since the introduction of immunotherapy, and survival figures are now higher than possible with earlier therapies. The immunomodulators currently available mainly block CTLA-4 (cytotoxicT lymphocyte-associated molecule-4) and PD-1 (programed cell death protein 1) translocated to the cell surface, where they inhibit the antitumor immune response. Treatments blocking these molecules are being more widely used. Research now seeks new molecular targets, the best combinations of available drugs, and biomarkers that can identify ideal candidates for each one.

Activity of Artemisinin-Type Compounds Against Cancer Cells

2012

Clinical Oncology strives for complete remission of patients with cancer, but still crusades against multidrug resistance of various cancers. Scientists and clinicians have been challenged to identify new potent anticancer compounds with new targeting strategies. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) provides a large spectrum of medicinal plants containing many biocompounds that possess anticancer activities. These represent a source of molecules that may have antiproliferative effects on a variety of cancers.

Finding the right dose of fulvestrant in breast cancer

2012

Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor downregulator, behaving as a complete antagonist. It was initially approved, at a dose of 250 mg, to treat hormone dependant breast cancer in second line setting. However, a series of pharmacological and pre-clinical studies have suggested that a higher dose of 500 mg may be more effective. The present work summarizes and discusses clinical trials that have aimed to test the benefits of administering fulvestrant at a higher dose. The data support the use of a higher, and more possibly, effective dose of the agent.

Psychotropic Drugs in the Management of Chronic Pain Syndromes

1993

Psychotropic drugs have been integrated into the management of chronic pain syndromes for more than 30 years. Numerous open and controlled studies have taken place evaluating especially the antinociceptive efficacy of antidepressive drugs. This survey comprises the results of clinical reports, open clinical studies, placebo-controlled studies, and comparative studies of different substances. It will be shown that antidepressants are by far the best evaluated psychopharmacological substances, showing superiority against placebo in 70% of a total of 67 placebo-controlled studies. The synopsis of controlled comparison studies of different antidepressants tends to demonstrate a superiority of c…

Mitochondrial compartment: a possible target of cadmium effects on breast epithelial cells.

2009

Cadmium–breast epithelial cell interactions were studied by analyzing some mitochondria-related aspects of stress response. We treated immortalized non-tumor breast cells with 5 or 50 μM CdCl2 for 24 or 96 h demonstrating that the exposure did not cause a significant mitochondrial proliferation, while it induced a significant increase in the respiratory activity and mitochondrial polarization. In addition, we found that hsp60 was up-regulated while hsp70 and COXII and COXIV were down-regulated. The mRNA for hsp70 remained constant and only the inducible form of the 70-kDa heat shock protein was over expressed. The mRNAs for COXII and COXIV remained constant after 24 h and increased after lo…

The ocular manifestations in IBD screening (OMIS) questionnaire: pilot study on detection of ocular involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases.

2020

Purpose: To assess the usefulness of a dedicated questionnaire for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) treated with biological drugs for the detection of ocular extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs). IBD can cause extraintestinal symptoms including ocular complaints which are frequently ignored and may be associated with significant morbidity, including blindness. Methods: We developed a questionnaire, named Ocular Manifestations in IBD Screening (OMIS) questionnaire, after agreement between gastroenterologists and ophthalmologists. The questionnaire was administered by a non-ophthalmologist physician to 96 IBD patients treated with biological drugs. Results: 35 patients (36.5%)…