Search results for " ECOLOGY"
showing 10 items of 2331 documents
Le droit de propriété à l’ère du changement climatique
2019
International audience; La vérité maintenant indiscutable du changement climatique dérange l'espèce humaine, contrainte de modifier le sens de son développement. L'ampleur du bouleversement paraît telle qu'il faille, de toute urgence, penser la transition vers une économie fondée sur d'autres paradigmes que les énergies fossiles et la consommation illimitée des ressources naturelles. Le rôle du droit de propriété dans ce nouveau scénario est une interrogation majeure. Prérogative fondamentale des démocraties occidentales, la propriété traverse partout une crise existentielle tenant au fait qu'elle est au coeur du système, politique, juridique et économique, dont le procès est aujourd'hui ou…
Sources of organic matter for inter-tidal consumers in Ascophyllum-shores (Sw Iceland): a multi stable isotope approach.
2007
Stable isotopes were used to examine the origin of organic matter in Icelandic Ascophyllum-based habitats, the role of different organic matters in filling intertidal food webs and the food preferences of the most abundant suspension feeders, grazers and predators. We selected three intertidal sites on the SW coast of Iceland where we sampled in early September 2004, organic matter sources (POM, SOM and most abundant primary producers, A. nodosum and F. vesciculosus) and the most abundant macrofauna species (barnacles, mussels, gastropods, sponge and crabs). Even though the primary production (Ascophyllum-based) was the same at the three study sites, the isotopic composition of common-among…
Untersuchungen �ber die L-�pfels�ure-abbauenden Enzyme von Schizosaccharomyces acidodevoratus
1970
Der Abbau von L-Apfelsaure wird bei Schizosaccharomyces acidodevoratus von einer Malat-Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) und einer Oxalacetat-Decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.3) katalysiert. Stoffwechselprodukt ist Brenztraubensaure. Eine Pyruvat-Decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.1) und Alkohol-Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) wandeln die Brenztraubensaure in Alkohol und CO2 um. In einer Nebenreaktion entsteht Acetoin. Lactat-Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) ist nicht nachweisbar.
Patterns of earthworm, enchytraeid and nematode diversity and community structure in urban soils of different ages
2016
Annelids (Lumbricidae and Enchytraeidae) and nematodes are common soil organisms and play important roles in organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling and creation of soil structure and porosity. However, these three groups have rarely been studied together and only few studies exist for urban soils. We studied the diversity and community composition of annelids and nematodes in soils spanning more than two centuries of urban soil development in Neuchâtel (Switzerland) and assessed the relationships 1) among these three groups and 2) between each group and environmental (physical, chemical and functional) characteristics of soils and soil age. While the groups of environmental variable…
L’interetnia e la rivoluzione sociale e demografica della città contemporanea: nuovi scenari e vecchie strategie
2013
Lo scopo principale dell’articolo è quello di descrivere la situazione localizzativa ed abitativa dei migranti nella città di Palermo, all’interno dell’esposizione, confortata dai dati statistici, del fenomeno migratorio nel contesto nazionale. Si evidenziano le differenze e le peculiarità dell’ondata migratoria nel nord e nel sud del paese rappresentandone le diverse tipologie e le motivazioni delle scelte geografiche di insediamento. La ricerca tenta di dimostrare come la modificazione del palinsesto sociale ed etnico della città sia praticamente ignorata dagli strumenti di piano vigenti
Evaluation of the addition of fertilizing component on microbial communities and decomposition of organic matter in soil
2012
Organic matter (OM) influences many of the soil functions and occupies a central position in the global carbon cycle. At the scale of the agro-ecosystem, primary productivity is dependent on the recycling of soil organic matter (SOM) by the action of decomposers (mainly bacteria and fungi), which mineralize organic compounds, releasing the nutrients needed for plant growth. At a global scale, the recycling of the SOM determines the carbon flux between soil and atmosphere, with major consequences in terms of environmental quality. In this context, the management of SOM stocks in agro-ecosystems is a major issue from which depend the maintenance of the productivity and sustainability of agric…
Simulated eutrophication and browning alters zooplankton nutritional quality and determines juvenile fish growth and survival
2018
Source at https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3832. The first few months of life is the most vulnerable period for fish and their optimal hatching time with zooplankton prey is favored by natural selection. Traditionally, however, prey abundance (i.e., zooplankton density) has been considered important, whereas prey nutritional composition has been largely neglected in natural settings. High‐quality zooplankton, rich in both essential amino acids (EAAs) and fatty acids (FAs), are required as starting prey to initiate development and fast juvenile growth. Prey quality is dependent on environmental conditions, and, for example, eutrophication and browning are two major factors defining primary produ…
Presence of endophytic bacteria in Vitis vinifera leaves as detected by Fluorescence in situ hybridization
2010
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was applied to detect and localize bacterial colonies in leaf tissues of Vitis vinifera. Leaves were cleared to minimize the autofluorescence of plant fragments. The use of fluorescently labeled bacterial probe EUB338 on discolored grapevine leaf disks allowed the estimation of the spatial distribution of different bacterial colonies. In particular, bacterial colonies were found in veins, cells, hairs, intercellular spaces, and in cut edges of leaf disks of both non-Acremonium byssoides-colonized and A. byssoides-colonized leaves of five different cultivars. Furthermore, CLSM confirmed th…
Palaeoclimate has a major effect on the diversity of endemic species in the hotspot of mountain biodiversity in Tajikistan.
2021
AbstractIn a period of ongoing climate changes, identifying drivers of overall and endemic species diversity is a key element in constructing new ecological patterns and determining the main goals of conservation. Such studies are especially crucial if they concern biodiversity hotspot areas. In this study, we explore patterns and drivers of plant endemism (the proportion of endemic plant species to overall plant species richness; PE) in Tajikistan. We used three groups of climatic measures featuring the contemporary and glacial climates as well as climatic changes since the Last Glacial Maximum in the Pleistocene (LGM). To explore relationships between PE and climatic groups, and the most …