Search results for " EXERCISE"

2021

Background Physical activity alleviates chronic stress. The latest research suggests a relationship between resilience and physical fitness. Beneficial adaptations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic nervous system, endocannabinoid system, and tryptophan pathway, which are induced by an active lifestyle, are considered to be conducive to resilience. However, detailed knowledge on the molecular link between the effects of acute and chronic physical exercise and improved resilience to stress in humans is missing. Moreover, the relationship between innate and acquired aerobic capacity and resilience is poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study is to implement a hu…

Muscle performance, sex hormones and training in peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women

2003

Age-related deterioration in muscle performance is one of the major reasons for decreased functional capacity and disability in older people. In women, impaired muscle performance has already been observed during peri-menopause in concert with rapid and dramatic decrease in ovarian hormone production. This observation suggests that female sex steroids may have an important role among other agents in regulating muscle performance in middle-aged and older women. Previous experimental studies have shown that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and intensive physical training have positive effects on muscle force and explosive power in healthy post-menopausal women. Hormone replacement therapy in…

Increase in Endogenous Fibrinolysis and Platelet Activity during Exercise in Young Volunteers

1992

Physicians at the Medical Clinic at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz Germany compared data on 6 18-35 year old healthy women who took low-dose estrogen oral contraceptives (OCs) with data on 10 healthy women of same age who did not take OCs and with data on 12 18-35 year old males to examine gender differences of the coagulation system endogenous fibrinolytic activity and platelet aggregation under normal conditions and immediately after spiroergometric exercise beyond the anaerobic threshold. This type of exercise considerably boosted tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) in both men and women (1.6-5.5 IU/ml and 1.8-5.3 IU/ml respectively; p < .005). The increase was not as high in…

Strength and power changes of the human plantar flexors and knee extensors in response to resistance training in old age

2002

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the improvements of muscle strength and power induced by a 16-week resistive programme in a population of 16 older men aged 65-81 years. Methods: Training was performed three times per week at an intensity of 80% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and consisted of both calf raise and leg press exercises. Before-, during- and after-training, maximum isometric and isokinetic torques, maximum power, 1RM, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and electromyographic activity (EMG) of the plantar flexors (PF) and knee extensors (KE) were examined. Results: For the KE and PF, respectively, training resulted in a 29.9 ± 4.4% (mean ± SE) and 21.6 ±…

AB0929 Balance in fibromyalgia is not related with lower limb strength

2017

Background Postural control, that depends on many sensory contributors and motor skills, is altered in people with fibromyalgia (FM) 1–3. Knowing those contributors that could be impaired in this population is important to design an appropriate balance therapy. Objectives Due to the fact that people with FM use to present a strength loss 7, our main goal was to explore the relation between postural control and lower limb strength in this population. Further, the sensory inputs contributors to the postural control were assessed. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 40 FM patients. A force platform was used to assess postural control under five bipedal conditions: i) e…

SP0088 New drugs, but still comorbidity

2017

As the population ages the simultaneous presence of multiple pathological conditions in the form of comorbidity and multimorbidity is more a rule than an exception. Comorbidity is reported in 35 to 80% of all ill people (Taylor et al. 2010). Comorbidity and multimorbidity are challenging researchers, clinicians and policy makers as these persons require more frequent appointments and hospitalizations and are at a greater risk for drug interactions, disability and mortality (Slater 2011). Although numerous chronic disease prevention strategies and treatment guidelines have been developed, they mainly address single conditions and ignore the presence of co-existing conditions (van der Noyen 2…

An Extended Study on Training and Physical Exercise in Esports

2019

This chapter is an extended revision of the authors' earlier study (2016) on the training routines of professional and high-level esport players, with added focus on their physical exercise. The study is methodologically mixed with a quantitative survey sample (n=115) and a qualitative interview sample (n=7). Based on this data, high-level esport players train approximately 5.28 hours every day around the year, and professional esport players at least the same amount. Approximately 1.08 hours of that training is physical exercise. More than half (55.6%) of the professional and high-level esport players believe that integrating physical exercise into their training programs has a positive ef…

Relationship between maximal fat oxidation and oxygen uptake: comparison between type 2 diabetes patients and healthy sedentary subjects

2014

The contribution of fat oxidation to energy production during exercise is influenced by intensity of exercise. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the highest value of fat oxidation rate (FATmax) and the oxygen uptake (VO2) in sedentary type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients vs healthy sedentary subjects. Sedentary T2D patients and healthy sedentary subjects were evaluated to a graded exercise test, and oxygen uptake and fat oxidation rate were detected. Data show that in T2D patients fat oxidation rate is not impaired and the positive linear correlation between FATmax and both VO2 and VO2max suggests that even in T2D patients the muscle oxidative capacity might increase in…

Influence of various preseason training in elite youth soccer players

2013

Aim Endurance capacity of each individual soccer player can notably influence a team’s success. The opinion about the necessity of generic endurance specific training in soccer, especially in adolescent athletes, still varies widely.

Anemia, heart failure and exercise training

2013

We read with interest the recent article by Wang et al. in which theauthors evaluated in anemic patients with heart failure whether exer-tionalperiodicbreathing influences rheological/hemodynamicfunctions[1]. For this purpose, the authors performed an incremental exercisetestusing a bicycle ergometer. In this regard, it has been generally assumedby some researchers, exercise physiologists and scientists that the incre-ment in blood hemoglobin (Hb) content is among the main hematolog-ical adaptations to endurance exercise training. This misconception isbased in the data published in diffe rent studies carried out severalyearsago [2].Inarecentmanuscript byBakeretal. [3],theauthorsdem-onstrated…