Search results for " Endocrinology"
showing 10 items of 1321 documents
Reference Values of Thyroid Hormones During the First Trimester of Pregnancy in Valencian Community (Spain) and Their Relationship with Iodine Intake
2020
Thyroid hormones require special monitoring during the first trimester of gestation. Local reference values should be applied if available, especially in iodine-deficient areas, as generalized iodine supplementation is controversial. The aim of the present study was to establish thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) reference values in the first trimester of gestation in the Valencian community (Spain) and relate them to iodine intake. A total of 261 healthy pregnant women participated in the study. The calculated reference values were 0.128&ndash
Fetal/Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis in a Newborn From a Hypothyroid Woman With Hashimoto Thyroiditis.
2016
Context: Fetal/neonatal thyrotoxicosis is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition. It is most commonly observed in poorly controlled Graves’ disease during pregnancy. Case Description: Here we describe the first reported case of thyrotoxicosis in a fetus/newborn from a woman with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and levothyroxine-treated hypothyroidism. Transplacental passage of stimulating TSH-receptor antibodies, measured by a cell-based bioassay, was the underlying mechanism of fetal/neonatal thyrotoxicosis even though the mother had no history of hyperthyroidism. Conclusion: Diagnosis and management of fetal hyperthyroidism can be challenging. TSH receptor antibody testing should be co…
Interleukin-18 levels are associated with low-density lipoproteins size
2009
INTRODUCTION: Both low-density lipoproteins (LDL) size and serum interleukin (IL)-18 levels have been shown to be predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, it is still unknown whether IL-18 levels are independently associated with LDL size. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study including 53 premenopausal women (18-45 years), LDL size (by gradient gel electrophoresis), serum IL-18, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum lipids, insulin sensitivity (S(I), by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) were measured. RESULTS: LDL size correlated with IL-18 (r = -0.38, P = 0.006), hs-CRP (r = -0.40, P = 0.003), S(I) (r = 0.36, P = 0.011), serum trig…
Nephrolithiasis, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and fractures: a systematic review and comparative meta-analysis
2016
Summary: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that people with nephrolithiasis have decreased bone mineral density, an increased odds of osteoporosis, and potentially an elevated risk of fractures. Introduction: People with nephrolithiasis might be at risk of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures, but the data is equivocal. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate if patients with nephrolithiasis have worse bone health outcomes (BMD), osteoporosis, and fractures versus healthy controls (HCs). Methods: Two investigators searched major databases for articles reporting BMD (expressed as g/cm2 or a T- or Z-score), osteoporosis or fractures in a sample of people with nephrolithiasis, and…
Inter-cycle and inter-observer variability of the antral follicle count in routine clinical practice
2017
Antral follicle count (AFC) is a reliable predictor of ovarian response to stimulation and its inter-cycle and inter-observer variability has been extensively studied on in vitro fertilization (IVF), mostly in highly selected populations within studies not originally designed for this purpose. In this retrospective cohort study, we assess the inter-cycle variation of AFC in a setting similar to that of the daily practice. We included only patients undergoing mild stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI). One hundred and forty-eight patients had two (62 patients, group A), three (49 patients, group B) or four (37 patients, group C) IUI cycles and AFC was measured on early follicular p…
Characterization of metabolic changes in the phenotypes of women with polycystic ovary syndrome in a large Mediterranean population from Sicily.
2019
Objective To better characterize the metabolic alterations in various phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a large homogeneous (Sicilian) Mediterranean population with a low prevalence of obesity. Design Retrospective study. Patients A total of 1215 consecutively evaluated women with PCOS divided into four Rotterdam phenotypes (A, B, C and D) and in 108 matched ovulatory, nonhyperandrogenic women. Measurements BMI, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and an oral glucose tolerance test. Results The overall prevalence of obesity was 31%, metabolic syndrome 6.6%, diabetes 2.1%, altered glucose metabolism 13.1%, and abnormal lipid pro…
Cardiovascular events among reproductive and menopausal age women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2019
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence (P)/hazard ratio (HR) of cardiovascular (CV) events among reproductive age and menopausal age women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in comparison with healthy controls. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of science, and Google scholar were searched for retrieving observational studies published up to April 2018 investigating CV events in patients with PCOS. The primary outcomes were a composite outcome of CV events [including coronary arterial disease (CAD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI), angina, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease] and mortality due to CV events; secondary outcomes were specific CVD events, …
Neuromuscular performance and body mass as indices of bone loading in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
2009
The strong association between body mass and skeletal robusticity has been attributed to increasing skeletal loading with increasing mass. However, it is unclear whether body mass is merely a coarse substitute for bone loading rather than a true independent predictor of bone strength. As indices of neuromuscular performance, impulse and peak power were determined from vertical ground reaction force during a maximal counter movement jump test in 221 premenopausal and 82 postmenopausal women. Bone compressive (BSI(d) g(2)/cm(4)) and bending (SSImax(mid) mm(3)) strength indices were measured with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at the distal ((d)) and midshaft ((mid)) sites …
Change in active transportation and weight gain in pregnancy
2016
Background: Pregnancy is characterised by large weight gain over a short period, and often a notable change in mode of transportation. This makes pregnancy suitable for examining the plausible, but in the scientific literature still unclear, association between active transportation and weight gain. We hypothesize that women continuing an active mode of transportation to work or school from pre- to early pregnancy will have a lower gestational weight gain (GWG) than those who change to a less active mode of transportation. Methods: We analysed prospective data from the Norwegian Fit for Delivery (NFFD) trial. Between September 2009 and February 2013 606 women were consecutively enrolled in …
Maternal-fetal Complications in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Comparison Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
2021
Abstract Background The aim of the study was a retrospective comparison of the differences in maternal-foetal outcomes between women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM). Methods A cohort of 135 patients with pregestational diabetes, 73 with T1DM (mean age 29 ± 5 years) and 62 with T2DM (mean age 33 ± 6 years), in intensive insulin treatment throughout pregnancy were evaluated. Clinical and metabolic parameters and the prevalence of maternal and foetal complications were assessed. Results Women with T1DM showed lower pregestational BMI (p < 0.001), pregestational weight (p < 0.001), weight at delivery (p < 0.001), ∆_total_insulin requirement (IR) at the first, s…