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showing 10 items of 1034 documents
In Lysinuric Protein Intolerance system y+L activity is defective in monocytes and in GM-CSF-differentiated macrophages
2010
Abstract Background In the recessive aminoaciduria Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI), mutations of SLC7A7/y+LAT1 impair system y+L transport activity for cationic amino acids. A severe complication of LPI is a form of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP), in which alveolar spaces are filled with lipoproteinaceous material because of the impaired surfactant clearance by resident macrophages. The pathogenesis of LPI-associated PAP remains still obscure. The present study investigates for the first time the expression and function of y+LAT1 in monocytes and macrophages isolated from a patient affected by LPI-associated PAP. A comparison with mesenchymal cells from the same subject has been a…
Role of sensorimotor areas in early detection of motor errors: An EEG and TMS study
2019
Abstract Action execution is prone to errors and, while engaged in interaction, our brain is tuned to detect deviations from what one expects from other’s action. Prior research has shown that Event-Related-Potentials (ERPs) are specifically modulated by the observation of action mistakes interfering with goal achievement. However, in complex and modular actions, embedded motor errors do not necessarily produce an immediate effect on the global goal. Here we dissociate embedded motor goals from global action goals by asking subjects to observe familiar but untrained knotting actions. During knotting an embedded motor error (i.e. the rope is inserted top-down instead of bottom-up during the …
Precision of a commercial hartmann-shack aberrometer: limits of total wavefront laser vision correction.
2012
Purpose To assess the intrasession and intersession precision of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) measured using a commercial Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (Zywave; Bausch & Lomb) in refractive surgery candidates. Design Prospective, experimental study of a device. Methods To analyze intrasession repeatability, 1 experienced examiner measured 30 healthy eyes 5 times successively. To study intersession reproducibility, the same clinician obtained measurements from another 30 eyes in 2 consecutive sessions at the same time of day 1 week apart. Results For intrasession repeatability, excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were obtained for total ocular aberrations, total HOAs, a…
Determination of Bolton tooth-size ratios by digitization, and comparison with the traditional method.
2005
The Bolton Index is one of the most useful calculations for precise orthodontic diagnosis as it shows if there is a correct ratio between dental proportions. However, at times, this calculation is not applied because it is a long and time-consuming procedure compared with digital methods. A new digital method for measuring tooth sizes and for calculating the Anterior (ABI) and the Overall (OBI) Bolton Index was tested on 100 sets of study dental casts of the permanent dentition in a Spanish sample and compared with the traditional method. The reproducibility of this digital method versus the traditional one was analysed to determine intra- and inter-examiner measurement errors by calculatin…
Explicit and implicit memory biases in depression and panic disorder.
2000
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the presence of a bias for emotional information (panic-related, depression-related, positive and neutral) in explicit memory and implicit memory (by means of free recall and word-stem completion tasks, respectively) among depressed (N=20) and panic (N=20) patients. Three different encoding conditions (graphemic, semantic and self-reference) were used. The results of this study failed to show the existence of a mood-congruent memory bias for both implicit and explicit memory in these emotional disorders. According to the correlational analyses performed, differences among categories of emotional words meant less than the difference among v…
The processing of mispredicted and unpredicted sensory inputs interact differently with attention
2018
International audience; Prediction and attention are fundamental brain functions in the service of perception. Interestingly, previous investigations found prediction effects independent of attention in some cases but attention-dependent in other cases. The discrepancy might be related to whether the prediction effect was revealed by comparing mis-predicted event (where there is incorrect prediction) or unpredicted event (where there is no precise prediction) against predicted event, which are associated with different precision-weighted prediction error. Here we conducted a joint analysis on four published electroencephalography (EEG) datasets which allow for proper dissociation of mispred…
Estimated radiation exposure of German commercial airline cabin crew in the years 1960-2003 modeled using dose registry data for 2004-2015.
2016
Exposure to ionizing radiation of cosmic origin is an occupational risk factor in commercial aircrew. In a historic cohort of 26,774 German aircrew, radiation exposure was previously estimated only for cockpit crew using a job-exposure matrix (JEM). Here, a new method for retrospectively estimating cabin crew dose is developed. The German Federal Radiation Registry (SSR) documents individual monthly effective doses for all aircrew. SSR-provided doses on 12,941 aircrew from 2004 to 2015 were used to model cabin crew dose as a function of age, sex, job category, solar activity, and male pilots' dose; the mean annual effective dose was 2.25 mSv (range 0.01–6.39 mSv). In addition to an inverse …
Cholinesterase variants: rapid characterisation by PCR/SSCP and evidence for molecular homogeneity.
1995
We have applied the technique of PCR-SSCP (polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism) to characterise the molecular basis of cholinesterase deficiency and variants in a Jordanian family. PCR-SSCP proved to be a quick and sensitive method of screening cholinesterase variants in a clinical setting. An AG insertion at position 351 was found to cause a silent allele, for which the parents were heterozygous and three children homozygous. In addition, the father and two sons were heterozygous for an A to G transition at position 209, known to cause the dibucaine resistant variant. No linkage to the K variant was found, which has been reported previously in white populati…
Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses to correct high myopia: A comparative study between Staar and Adatomed models
2001
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility of using posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs) to treat high myopia, comparing two different models, Staar and Adatomed. METHODS: Twenty-four eyes from 12 patients were studied prospectively. A phakic Staar IOL was implanted in one eye of each patient, and the other eye received a phakic Adatomed IOL. Patients with uveitis or ocular trauma prior to ocular surgery, diabetic retinopathy, or capsular pseudoexfoliation were excluded. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -16.00 ± 5.05 D for the Staar group and -15.39 ± 2.83 D for the Adatomed group. Average follow-up was 32.4 months (range, 19 to 46 mo) for the Ada…
Intraocular pressure after excimer laser myopic refractive surgery
2001
The aim of this study was to determine whether intraocular pressure (IOP), as measured by Goldmann applanation or non-contact tonometry, shows systematic changes in patients who have undergone photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). IOP was measured by central Goldmann and non-contact tonometry in 54 patients pre and post-PRK, and in 43 patients pre- and post-LASIK. An interval of 12 months was allowed after surgery. Patients were selected to have one of four specific initial values of refractive error (-2.5, -5.0, -7.5 and -10.0 D). Fellow unoperated eyes were used as controls. A paired Student's t-test and a one-way ANOVA test were used for statistical a…