Search results for " ExPEC"
showing 10 items of 304 documents
Cancer chemotherapy in the older cancer patient.
2009
This article reviews the principles of systemic cancer treatment in older individuals. These include: assessment of physiologic age with a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), adjustment of chemotherapy doses to the patient's renal function, and prevention of myelotoxicity with hemopoietic growth factors. Other complications that become more common with age include mucositis, peripheral neuropathy and cardiomyopathy. Two chronic complications of chemotherapy become more common with age, including myelodysplasia and chronic cardiomyopathy. The goal of systemic cancer treatment in the older person should include prolongation of active life-expectancy and compression of morbidity in addit…
I comportamenti virtuosi tra rispetto delle norme e aspettative sociali
2020
Il capitolo si sofferma sull’azione rispetto alle norme spiegando come le aspettative sociali ricoprano un ruolo cruciale nella gestione delle informazioni utili per muoverci nell’ambiente in cui viviamo, giacchè ci consentono di ridurre l’incertezza derivante dall’assunzione di determinate scelte, di stimare quali possibili effetti avrà una nostra azione in un determinato tempo e in uno specifico contesto, o ancora di valutare quali possono essere le strategie che possiamo mettere in campo per ridurre la probabilità di una risposta indesiderata da parte degli altri. The chapter focuses on action with respect to the rules, explaining how social expectations play a crucial role in the man…
Legalità, violenza e criminalità organizzata
2020
I contributi di questo volume, diversi per argomentazione e per tipo di approccio selezionato guardano ai temi della violenza e del rispetto delle norme evidenziando aspetti diversi, tutti tenuti insieme, però, dall'obiettivo generale del libro: approfondire la conoscenza delle dimensioni della violenza, dell'uso della violenza stessa da parte delle organizzazioni criminali, delle azioni di prevenzione e contrasto poste in essere, non trascurando il punto di vista dei giovani, anche a partire dai quali è stata costruita buona parte della base empirica necessaria per alcune riflessioni, utili per fornire indicazioni anche a coloro che quotidianamente sono impegnati in percorsi formativi volt…
Cancer cure for 32 cancer types: results from the EUROCARE-5 study
2020
Abstract Background Few studies have estimated the probability of being cured for cancer patients. This study aims to estimate population-based indicators of cancer cure in Europe by type, sex, age and period. Methods 7.2 million cancer patients (42 population-based cancer registries in 17 European countries) diagnosed at ages 15–74 years in 1990–2007 with follow-up to 2008 were selected from the EUROCARE-5 dataset. Mixture-cure models were used to estimate: (i) life expectancy of fatal cases (LEF); (ii) cure fraction (CF) as proportion of patients with same death rates as the general population; (iii) time to cure (TTC) as time to reach 5-year conditional relative survival (CRS) >95…
Erythropoietin: effects on life expectancy in patients with cancer-related anaemia
2006
ABSTRACTAnaemia is common in patients with cancer and has a detrimental impact on the quality of life. Anaemia has also been shown to reduce survival in patients with cancer. Tumour hypoxia resulting from the reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood in anaemic patients has been hypothesised to be a major contributor to this reduced survival. Several studies have shown that tumour hypoxia reduces the effectiveness of anticancer therapies including standard radiotherapy and some types of chemotherapy, and is associated with tumour progression. Moreover, preclinical data have demonstrated that erythropoietic protein therapy may delay tumour progression by improving tumour oxygenation. Mos…
Genomic profile of breast cancer: costeffectiveness analysis from the Spanish National Healthcare System perspective.
2014
Background: Costeffectiveness analysis of MammaPrint® (70-gene signature) in the diagnosis of early breast cancer as a prognosis assay to study the risk of tumor recurrence to administer adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Markov model assuming a cohort of 60-year-old women with breast cancer. Treatment costs and effects were assessed by comparing the 5-year, 10-year and lifetime risk of recurrence using Adjuvant! Online® (online algorithm), 70-gene signature or Oncotype DX® (21-gene assay). Results: 70-gene signature showed a life expectancy of 23.55 years at lifetime. Life expectancy was lower for 21-gene assay and online algorithm, with associated quality-adjusted life year gains up to 0.23 …
Aging and Oral Health: Effects in Hard and Soft Tissues
2009
Changing demographics, including an increase in life expectancy and the growing numbers of elderly has recently focused attention on the need for geriatric dental care. Ageing affects oral tissues in addition to other parts of the human body, and oral health (including oral mucosa, lips, teeth and associated structures, and their functional activity) is an integral component of general health; indeed, oral disease can cause pain, difficulty in speaking, mastication, swallowing, maintaining a balanced diet, not to mention aesthetical considerations and facial alterations leading to anxiety and depression. The World Health Organization recommends the adoption of certain strategies for improvi…
Drosophila DJ-1 mutants are sensitive to oxidative stress and show reduced lifespan and motor deficits.
2007
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder caused by the selective and massive loss of dopaminergic neurons (DA) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). DJ-1 loss-of-function mutations are involved in inherited early-onset PD forms and result in dysfunction of the oxidative stress response. In mice models, DJ-1 loss provokes sensitivity to oxidative insults but does not produce neurodegeneration. Similar results have been found when analyzing Drosophila mutants for the DJ-1 orthologous genes, DJ-1alpha and DJ-1beta. Here, we report the analysis of two new mutations for the Drosophila DJ-1 genes. Both ubiquitous induction of DJ-1alpha knockdown by RNAi and loss of funct…
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) deficiency delays lupus nephritis in MRL-Faslpr mice: the IL-6 pathway as a new therapeutic target in treatment of autoimmune ki…
2009
Objective.To investigate the pathophysiological effect of interleukin 6 (IL-6) on lupus nephritis in MRL-Faslprmice.Methods.We generated IL-6-deficient MRL-Faslprmice using a backcross/intercross breeding scheme. Renal pathology was evaluated using immunohistochemistry detection for macrophages, lymphocytes, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling) for apoptotic cells, and renal IgG and C3 deposition by immunofluorescence staining. Expression of inflammatory markers in the spleen was analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Serum cytokine concentrations were detecte…
Global, regional, national, and selected subnational levels of stillbirths, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality, 1980-2015 : a systematic analysi…
2016
BACKGROUND: Established in 2000, Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) catalysed extraordinary political, financial, and social commitments to reduce under-5 mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. At the country level, the pace of progress in improving child survival has varied markedly, highlighting a crucial need to further examine potential drivers of accelerated or slowed decreases in child mortality. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides an analytical framework to comprehensively assess these trends for under-5 mortality, age-specific and cause-specific mortality among children under 5 years, and stillbirths by geography over time. METHODS: Drawing from ana…