Search results for " Formation"
showing 10 items of 1920 documents
Alliance formation as growth opportunity for non-publicly traded companies: a value-added service provided by private equity investors
2016
We analyze the role of Private Equity firms (PE-Firms) as a governance mechanism, focusing on their role as social intermediaries, helping their portfolio companies to form alliances and thereby spurring entrepreneurial growth. Alliances as long term inter-firm cooperations are considered to be a main source of firm-innovation. External growth via alliances is especially important for small to medium sized companies (SME) – largely dominant in Europe (up to 99%)–, because their internal resources are limited. Since a few years, these facts lead governments to undertake actions aimed to create environments that boost inter-firm linkages and entrepreneurial clusters. In European countries, su…
Private Equity Investors as Matchmakers: Alliance Formation between PE-backed firms
2016
International audience; Alliances as long term inter-firm cooperation are seen as an important factor of economic growth. They are particularly important for small to medium sized companies whose internal resources are scarce. This article analyses the role of Private Equity Firms that constitute a major source of financing for non-publicly traded small to medium sized companies, in the formation of alliances for their portfolio companies. While previous studies analyse the question in the light of mainstream theories, we rely on the dual theory of the firm, combining the contractual/mainstream view and the knowledge-based view. Contrary to the current literature, our study does not rely on…
Effects of leflunomide on immune responses and models of inflammation.
1993
Leflunomide is an antiphlogistic and immunomodulating agent that has been shown to be effective in preventing and healing autoimmune disorders and reactions leading to organ graft rejection. From our preliminary clinical data [4], we now have hopes that these effects, observed in experimental animals, can truly be transferred to humans. Although we are far from understanding the mode of action of leflunomide, we are slowly gathering some insight. A good many of the immunosuppressive effects of leflunomide can be attributed to the antagonistic effects it has on responses to many cytokines, most likely through receptor expression and signal transduction (tyrosine kinase inhibition). The inhib…
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysts in Pure Water: Sustainable Developments in Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira and Tsuji-Tros…
2010
This review summarizes the progress made essentially these last ten years on heterogeneous palladium catalysis in pure water. The work covers four important palladium-catalyzed transformations for carbon-carbon bond formation: Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira and Tsuji-Trost reactions. The discussion focuses on the efficiency and reusability of the heterogeneous catalysts as well as on the experimental conditions from a sustainable chemistry point of view. The review is introduced by a discussion on mechanistic aspects inherent to heterogeneous catalysis.
Deperturbation treatment of theAΣ+1–bΠ3complex of NaRb and prospects for ultracold molecule formation inXΣ+1(v=0;J=0)
2007
High resolution Fourier transform spectra (FTS) of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of $C\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+};D\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Pi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}A\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}--b\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Pi}$ and $A\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}--b\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{3}\ensuremath{\Pi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}X\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}^{+}$ transitions in ${\mathrm{Na}}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and ${\mathrm{Na}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ were obtained. An analysis of the direct LIF spectra together with the rotational relaxation satellite…
Languages associated with saturated formations of groups
2013
International audience; In a previous paper, the authors have shown that Eilenberg's variety theorem can be extended to more general structures, called formations. In this paper, we give a general method to describe the languages corresponding to saturated formations of groups, which are widely studied in group theory. We recover in this way a number of known results about the languages corresponding to the classes of nilpotent groups, soluble groups and supersoluble groups. Our method also applies to new examples, like the class of groups having a Sylow tower.; Dans un article précédent, les auteurs avaient montré comment étendre le théorème des variétés d'Eilenberg à des structures plus g…
Conclusion: Resisting, Cooperating, and Fighting
2016
The three-fold division of this book—how these peasant elites and the peasantry in general confronted the authorities, how they dealt with them, and how they acted within their own local communities and networks—has aimed to place their aggressive and violent behaviour in the framework of Nordic state formation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The focus has thus been on their relationship with the state and its representatives. This structure contained per se a conflict of interests between states that wanted to intervene and control local communities and the leading peasants in these communities who wanted to guard their favourable positions. At the same time, there were possibi…
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from pistil transverse thin cell layers of lemon (Citrus limon)
2008
Callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained in Citrus limon (L.) Burm. (cv. Femminello) from cultures of pistil transverse thin cell layer explants [(t)TCLs]. Explants were cultured on two different media, based on Murashige and Skoog salts and vitamins, supplemented with 500 mg l-1 malt extract (MSI), or 500 mg l-1 malt extract and 13.3 ¼M 6-benzylaminopurine (MSII). Sucrose (146 mM) was used as carbon source. Somatic embryos appeared 3 months after culture initiation from stigma and style (t)TCLs; they were observed at the surface of the (t)TCL-derived callus. Although ovary (t)TCLs showed the highest callus formation, they never differentiated somatic emb…
ORIGIN: metal creation and evolution from the cosmic dawn
2012
Herder, Jan-Willem den et al.
Assessment of a geological model by surface wave analyses
2016
A set of horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) measurements, carried out in the Altavilla Milicia (Sicily) area, is analyzed to test a geological model of the area. Statistical techniques have been used in different stages of the data analysis, to optimize the reliability of the information extracted from geophysical measurements. In particular, cluster analysis algorithms have been implemented to select the time windows of the microseismic signal to be used for calculating the spectral ratio H/V and to identify sets of spectral ratio peaks likely caused by the same underground structures. Using results of reflection seismic lines, ty…