Search results for " Genetics"
showing 10 items of 4169 documents
Anti-phospholipase A2 and anti-inflammatory activity of Santolina chamaecyparissus
2000
The activity of the Santolina chamaecyparissus methanol extract was tested against the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-induced mouse paw edema and in vitro inhibition of PLA2 activity. After fractionation, only the dichloromethane extract was active against the PLA2 in vitro test. In addition, it reduced the edema induced by arachidonic acid, and by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in a multidose test. After chromatography on silicagel and gel filtration on Sephadex, and using an in vitro anti-PLA2 assay-guided process, we have isolated and identified from the dichloromethane extract the flavone nepetin and four sesquiterpenes.
Anti-inflammatory activity in mice of extracts from Mediterranean marine invertebrates.
1998
The effects of dichloromethane and methanol extracts from the marine invertebrates Leptogorgia ceratophyta, Holothuria tubulosa, Coscinasterias tenuispina and Phallusia fumigata on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice were investigated. The dichloromethane extract of Coscinasterias tenuispina and the methanol extract of Holothuria tubulosa administered p.o. at 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg, inhibited oedema in a dose-dependent manner 3 h after administration of carrageenan. Both extracts partially decreased elastase activity and PGE2 levels measured in homogenates from inflamed paws, without affecting the levels of this prostanoid present in stomach homogenates. As observed with the selective inh…
Antibodies to cell surface ganglioside GD3 perturb inductive epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
1988
Abstract Most epithelial sheets emerge during embryogenesis by a branching and growth of the epithelium. The surrounding mesenchyme is crucial for this process. We report that branching morphogenesis and the formation of a new epithelium from the mesenchyme in the embryonic kidney can be blocked by a monoclonal antibody reacting with a surface glycolipid, disialoganglioside G D3 . In contrast, a more than 10-fold excess of antibodies to adhesive glycoproteins (N-CAM, L -CAM, fibronectin) fails to inhibit morphogenesis. Although the anti-G D3 antibody affected epithelial development, the disialoganglioside G D3 was expressed not in the epithelium, but in the mesenchyme surrounding the develo…
Multiple Resistance to Betalactam Antibiotics, Azithromycin or Moxifloxacin in Implant Associated Bacteria
2013
Background Antibiotics are more and more frequently prescribed in dentistry for prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Bacterial resistance to these agents is clearly increasing, including even previously susceptible micro-organisms and true pathogens. The aim of the present investigation was to examine resistant bacterial strains with respect to possible multiple antibiotic resistance. Methods In a previous investigation, implant-associated bacteria were tested first as mixed cultures and again as pure isolates (n = 138) for resistance to one of five antibiotics (ampicillin/AM, ampicillin + sulbactam/AB, azithromycin/AZ, penicillin/PG, moxifloxacin/MX) using the Etest. The resistance o…
Immunonegative Staining: Epitope Localization on Macromolecules
1996
Relevant literature relating to immunonegative staining is reviewed and integrated with current research of the author and others. The immunonegative staining procedure has been utilized for the study of epitope localization on immune complexes formed from keyhole limpet hemocyanin type 2 (KLH2) di- and multidecamers, and the 20S and 26S proteasome from Xenopus laevis. The IgG linkage pattern of molecules in small immune complexes is considered to provide the most reliable indication of epitope location. For both KLH2 and the 20S proteasome, using domain-specific monoclonal antibodies and a 32-kDa (p32) subunit-specific polyclonal antibody, respectively, it is shown that epitopes (KLH2, sub…
Gut Microbiota Cannot Compensate the Impact of (quasi) Aposymbiosis in Blattella germanica
2021
Simple Summary The German cockroach Blattella germanica is a good model to study complex symbiotic relationships because the following two symbiotic systems coexist in a single individual: the endosymbiont Blattabacterium (living inside specialized cells called bacteriocytes) and the gut microbiota. Although the role of the endosymbiont has been fully elucidated, the function of the gut microbiota remains unclear. The study of the gut microbiota will benefit from the availability of insects deprived of Blattabacterium. Our goal is to determine the effect of the removal (or, at least, the reduction) of the endosymbiont population on the cockroach’s fitness, in a normal gut microbiota communi…
The Mediterranean diet: A historical perspective on food for health.
2020
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) represents the crystallisation of the centuries-old cooking legacies of different civilisations. The association of the MedDiet with longevity and low cardiovascular risk prompted the Seven Countries Study, which provided epidemiological evidence on the health effects of diet. This led to further studies, both epidemiological and interventional. Scales to measure adherence as well as studies of food components have consolidated a body of knowledge that is of great interest to institutions and governmental agencies. The recognition of its benefits for health has made the widespread introduction of the MedDiet an urgent challenge. Parallel efforts are being ma…
Spectrum of mutations in the renin-angiotensin system genes in autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis
2012
Autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) is a severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by early onset and persistent fetal anuria leading to oligohydramnios and the Potter sequence, associated with skull ossification defects. Early death occurs in most cases from anuria, pulmonary hypoplasia, and refractory arterial hypotension. The disease is linked to mutations in the genes encoding several components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS): AGT (angiotensinogen), REN (renin), ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme), and AGTR1 (angiotensin II receptor type 1). Here, we review the series of 54 distinct mutations identified in 48 unrelated families. Most of them are no…
The Effects of Intensive Weight Reduction on Body Composition and Serum Hormones in Female Fitness Competitors.
2017
Worries about the potential negative consequences of popular fat loss regimens for aesthetic purposes in normal weight females have been surfacing in the media. However, longitudinal studies investigating these kinds of diets are lacking. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 4-month fat-loss diet in normal weight females competing in fitness-sport. In total 50 participants finished the study with 27 females (27.2 +/- 4.1 years) dieting for a competition and 23 (27.7 +/- 3.7 years) acting as weight-stable controls. The energy deficit of the diet group was achieved by reducing carbohydrate intake and increasing aerobic exercise while maintaining a high level of…
Oleic Acid-Injection in Pigs As a Model for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
2018
The acute respiratory distress syndrome is a relevant intensive care disease with an incidence ranging between 2.2% and 19% of intensive care unit patients. Despite treatment advances over the last decades, ARDS patients still suffer mortality rates between 35 and 40%. There is still a need for further research to improve the outcome of patients suffering from ARDS. One problem is that no single animal model can mimic the complex pathomechanism of the acute respiratory distress syndrome, but several models exist to study different parts of it. Oleic acid injection (OAI)-induced lung injury is a well-established model for studying ventilation strategies, lung mechanics and ventilation/perfus…