Search results for " Growth."

The COMT val158met Polymorphism Is Associated with Early Pubertal Development, Height and Cortical Bone Mass in Girls

2005

Estrogens are involved in accretion of bone mass during puberty. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) is involved in the degradation of estrogens. In this cross-sectional study we investigated associations between the COMT val158met polymorphism, which results in a 60-75% difference in enzyme activity between the val (high activity = H) and the met (low activity = L) variant, and skeletal phenotypes in 246 healthy pre/early pubertal girls. Girls with COMT(LL) were 5.4 cm taller than COMT(HH) girls. Dual x-ray absorptiometry showed higher values of bone mineral content (BMC), and larger areas of total body, femur and spine in COMT(LL). Cortical BMC, measured by peripheral quantitative compute…

Home Parenteral Nutrition

2012

Parenteral nutrition (PN) involves the administration of fluids and nutrients using routes other than the gut, although usually involves central venous catheters (CVC). Home PN (HPN) refers to instances where this nutritional support is administered in the patient's home. Although this form of treatment is expensive and complex, it facilitates patients’ social rehabilitation, returning them to their home environment, reducing healthcare costs, and improving quality of life (QoL). Pediatric patients present specific technical characteristics, as not only should a proper nutritional status be maintained, but also optimal growth and development.

The estrogen receptor α:insulin receptor substrate 1 complex in breast cancer: structure–function relationships

2007

Background: Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signaling molecule that exerts a key role in mediating cross talk between estrogen receptor a (ERa) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in breast cancer cells. Previously, we demonstrated that a fraction of IRS-1 binds ERa, translocates to the nucleus, and modulates ERa-dependent transcription at estrogen response elements (ERE). Here, we studied structure-function relationships of the ER-a:IRS-1 complex under IGF-1 and/or estradiol (E 2 ) stimulation. Materials and methods: ERa and IRS-1 deletion mutants were used to analyze structural and functional ERα/IRS-1 interactions. IRS-1 binding to ERE and IRS-1 role in ERa-dependent ERE t…

The CB1 cannabinoid receptor mediates excitotoxicity-induced neural progenitor proliferation and neurogenesis.

2007

Endocannabinoids are lipid signaling mediators that exert an important neuromodulatory role and confer neuroprotection in several types of brain injury. Excitotoxicity and stroke can induce neural progenitor (NP) proliferation and differentiation as an attempt of neuroregeneration after damage. Here we investigated the mechanism of hippocampal progenitor cell engagement upon excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid administration and the putative involvement of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in this process. Adult NPs express kainate receptors that mediate proliferation and neurosphere generation in vitro via CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Similarly, in vivo studies showed that excitotoxicity-induce…

Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells in vitro release endothelin — Augmentation by transforming growth factorβ and Kupffer cell-conditioned media

1991

Endothelin is the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide known today. Using a radioimmunoassay for endothelin, we measured immunoreactive endothelin in culture media of guinea pig sinusoidal endothelial liver cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A time-dependent release of immunoreactive endothelin by confluent sinusoidal endothelial liver cells in culture was found. Sinusoidal endothelial liver cells produced similar amounts of immunoreactive endothelin as umbilical vein endothelial cells, about 900 pg/microgram DNA per 24 h. In the presence of transforming growth factor beta a dose-dependent increase of immunoreactive endothelin release was measured. The maximal increase of 50% …

Mathematical simulation of Doppler changes in late-onset smallness; progression patterns of cerebral and umbilical anomalies define two types of late…

2019

To evaluate the progression of Doppler abnormalities in fetuses with late-onset fetal smallness (SGA) that become growth restricted (FGR).524 Doppler examinations of the umbilical and cerebral arteries systems, belonging to 442 late-onset SGA fetuses after week 34, were studied, evaluating by means of the statistical difference with the respective abnormal centiles, the pattern of progression into abnormal Doppler values and the distribution and cumulative sum of Doppler anomalies according to the interval to delivery.Only one third (33.5%,Two thirds of late-onset fetal smallness occurs without hemodynamic changes. In half of the remaining cases an initial cerebral vasodilation defines a gr…

NephroCheck: should we consider urine osmolality?

2019

The role of insulin-like growth factor II in the malignant transformation of rat liver oval cells

1997

Oval cells are small nonparenchymal epithelial cells that first appear in the periportal areas of the liver and thereafter invade the whole parenchyma when mice or rats are exposed to a variety of chemical carcinogens. In the present study we have analyzed the expression of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF II) in the recently established oval cell line OC/CDE 22 and its malignantly transformed counterpart (the M22 cells) and the biological consequences of the constitutive expression of IGF II in oval cells. OC/CDE 22 cells do not express the above-mentioned growth factor, whereas the M22 cells do and addition of a neutralizing anti-IGF II antibody to M22 cells resulted in an almost comple…

Effects of 1-(halogenalkoxy)alkyl-5-fluorouracil derivatives on cell growth, cell volume and nucleus size of mouse lymphoma cells.

1992

The effects of three 1-(halogenalkoxy)alkyl-5-fluorouracil derivatives on cultured mouse lymphoma cells were studied and compared with those of N-methyl-bis-(2-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride (Lost). The derivatives exert only little influence on cell proliferation and cell volume. However, all derivatives cause a concentration-dependent nucleus contraction, probably due to DNA cross-linkings. Bromodesoxyuridine modulates the effects of the derivatives on the DNA, leading to swelling of the nucleus, which may be caused by DNA strand-breaks. It is suggested that the derivatives exert synergistic effects with other factors. It is concluded that these studies are suitable for the prescreening …

Efficacy of NaOCl/H2O2irrigation and GaAlAs laser in decontamination of root canals in vitro

2003

Background and Objectives To investigate the bactericidal effect of an 809 nm semiconductor laser alone, and in combination with NaOCl/H2O2 irrigation in root canals in vitro. Study Design/Materials and Methods A total of 72 human single-rooted teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were included. The crowns were removed, the roots shortened to a length of 12 mm, and the canals enlarged up to an apical size of #50 file. The specimens were autoclaved and incubated with a suspension of Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 10556). Laser irradiation was performed on a PC-controlled XY translation stage. A 200 micron optic fiber was used. Twelve specimens were irradiated at a power output of 1.5, 3.0,…