Search results for " Gynecology"
showing 10 items of 1547 documents
Quantitative methylation analysis of developmentally important genes in human pregnancy losses after ART and spontaneous conception.
2009
To study possible effects of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on epigenetic reprogramming, we have analyzed the DNA methylation levels of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of seven imprinted genes (H19, MEG3, LIT1, MEST, NESP55, PEG3 and SNRPN) as well as the promoter regions of the pluripotency gene NANOG and the tumor suppressor gene APC in chorionic villus samples (CVS) of 42 spontaneous miscarriages and stillbirths after ART and 29 abortions/stillbirths after spontaneous conception. We did not find an increased rate of faulty methylation patterns after ART, but significant and trend differences (ROC curve analysis, Wilcoxon test) in the methylation levels of LIT1 (P = 0.0…
Does Uterine Doppler Add Information to the Cerebroplacental Ratio for the Prediction of Adverse Perinatal Outcome at the End of Pregnancy?
2019
<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate whether the addition of the mean uterine arteries pulsatility index (mUtA PI) to the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) improves its ability to predict adverse perinatal outcome (APO) at the end of pregnancy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a prospective study of 891 fetuses that underwent an ultrasound examination at 34–41 weeks. The CPR and the mUtA PI were converted into multiples of the median (MoM) and the estimated fetal weight (EFW) into centiles according to local references. APO was defined as a composite of abnormal cardiotocogram, intrapartum pH requiring cesarean section, 5′ Apgar score &#x3c;7, n…
Can novel early non-invasive biomarkers of embryo quality be identified with time-lapse imaging to predict live birth?
2019
AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONCan time-lapse imaging systems make it possible to identify novel early non-invasive biomarkers to predict live birth?SUMMARY ANSWERFrom mostly high-grade embryos, out of 35 morphometric, morphologic and morphokinetic variables, only pronuclei (PN) position at time of PN juxtaposition and the absence of multinucleated blastomeres at the 2-cell stage (MNB2cell), were potentially associated with live birth.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYPrevious studies indicate that some kinetic markers may be predictive of blastocyst development and embryonic implantation. Certain teams have suggested including some of them in decisional algorithms for embryo transfers.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATI…
Genetic and environmental factors in health-related behaviors: Studies on Finnish twins and twin families
2003
Family, twin and adoption studies have provided evidence for familial and genetic influences on individual differences in disease risk and in human behavior. Attempts to identify individual genes accounting for these differences have not been outstandingly successful to date, and at best, known genes account for only a fraction of the familiality of most traits or diseases. More detailed knowledge of the dynamics of gene action and of specific environmental conditions are needed. Twin and twin-family studies with multiple measurements of risk factors and morbidity over time can permit a much more detailed assessment of the developmental dynamics of disease risk and the unfolding of behavior…
The effect of antenatal intravenous immunoglobulin on ascending intrauterine infection after preterm premature rupture of the membranes: a pilot study
1992
Ascending infection is a serious threat in pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). In a controlled randomized prospective pilot study (n = 18) we have evaluated the effect of intravenous IgM enriched immunoglobulin given to the mothers 24-48 hours after preterm PROM in reducing ascending infection. Using a validated infection score from laboratory and clinical data at birth, we found a significant reduction of probable infection in the neonates of the treatment group compared to the control group (p = 0.0022). Histopathological investigation of the placentas, membranes and umbilical cords revealed significantly lower stages and grades of chorioamnioniti…
Potential effects of age-associated oxidative stress on mammalian oocytes/embryos
1996
This bioessay aims to explain the different effects of maternal ageing and postovulatory oocyte ageing on mammalian oocytes/embryos under the scope of 'the oxygen radical-mitochondrial injury hypothesis of ageing'. This hypothesis assumes a key role in the senescent process of oxygen radical damage to mitochondrial DNA, proteins and lipids. It is proposed that a decrease in intracellular ATP concentrations and glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulphide (GSSG) ratio together with a concomitant increase in cytosolic Ca2+ are major factors causing the observed detrimental effects of ageing on cytoskeletal fibres, fertilization and embryo development.
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation using three-dimensional inversion rendering: A case report
2008
We report a case of a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (CCAM). At 12 weeks of gestation, an echogenic lung associated to a hydrothorax was detected. Despite the results of the combined test that informed of a high risk of chromosomopathy, normal karyotype was confirmed after an amniocentesis. The three-dimensional ultrasound inversion mode depicted all the cysts within the fetal lungs as opaque areas that were seen concurrently together, which was compatible with CCAM. After parental counseling, the patient opted to terminate the pregnancy at 18 weeks. Pathological analysis of the lungs confirmed the diagnosis of a CCAM type II. The recent advent of the three-dimension…
Fast food consumption and gestational diabetes incidence in the SUN project.
2014
Background: Gestational diabetes prevalence is increasing, mostly because obesity among women of reproductive age is continuously escalating. We aimed to investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes according to the consumption of fast food in a cohort of university graduates. Methods: The prospective dynamic ‘‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’’ (SUN) cohort included data of 3,048 women initially free of diabetes or previous gestational diabetes who reported at least one pregnancy between December 1999 and March 2011. Fast food consumption was assessed through a validated 136-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fast food was defined as the consumption of hamburgers, …
Uterus transplantation trial: 1-year outcome
2014
Objective To report the 12-month outcome of seven patients with viable uteri after uterus transplantation (UTx). Design Prospective observational study. Setting University hospital. Patient(s) Seven patients with absolute uterine infertility and viable uteri for 12 months after live-donor UTx. Intervention(s) Predetermined immunosuppression was with tacrolimus and mychophenolate mofetil (MMF) during 6 months, whereupon MMF should be withdrawn. Frequent ultrasound examinations were performed to assess uterine appearance and uterine artery blood flow. Cervical biopsies (for histological detection of rejection) were obtained at preset time points, with temporary adjustments of immunosuppressio…
Congenital Müllerian anomalies: diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional ultrasound
1996
Objective To determine whether it is possible to identify and diagnose accurately Mullerian anomalies with three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound (US). Design Controlled blinded clinical study. Setting Normal human volunteers undergoing infertility evaluation in a university hospital. Patients Forty-two patients who underwent laparoscopy and hysterosalpingography as part of their work up for infertility and were found to have either a normal uterus (30 patients) or a Mullerian abnormality (12 patients) consented to be evaluated with 3-D US by sonographers who were unaware of their infertility history or of their laparoscopy and hysterosalpingography diagnoses. Interventions Transvaginal 3-D US …