Search results for " Homology"

showing 10 items of 633 documents

The oxytocin receptor system: structure, function, and regulation.

2001

The neurohypophysial peptide oxytocin (OT) and OT-like hormones facilitate reproduction in all vertebrates at several levels. The major site of OT gene expression is the magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. In response to a variety of stimuli such as suckling, parturition, or certain kinds of stress, the processed OT peptide is released from the posterior pituitary into the systemic circulation. Such stimuli also lead to an intranuclear release of OT. Moreover, oxytocinergic neurons display widespread projections throughout the central nervous system. However, OT is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, e.g., uterus, placenta, amnion, corpus lut…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyOxytocin receptor bindingCentral nervous systemMolecular Sequence DataBiologyOxytocinPosterior pituitaryPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineNeoplasmsSequence Homology Nucleic AcidmedicineAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceReceptorMolecular BiologyBehaviorBase SequenceBehavior AnimalSequence Homology Amino AcidGeneral MedicineOxytocin receptorBiological EvolutionEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureOxytocinReceptors OxytocinMagnocellular cellFemaleSignal transductionSequence Alignmentmedicine.drugSignal TransductionPhysiological reviews
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A new heterozygous mutation (D196N) in the Gs alpha gene as a cause for pseudohypoparathyroidism type IA in a boy who had gallstones

2011

Background Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in association with an increased secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) due to decreased target tissue responsiveness to PTH. Patients with PHP type Ia are not only resistant to PTH, but also to other hormones that bind to receptors coupled to stimulatory G protein (Gsalpha). PHP Ia and Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) are caused by a reduced activity of the Gsalpha protein. Heterozygous inactivating Gs alpha (GNAS) gene mutations have been identified in these patients. Methods We studied a boy with PHP Ia. During follow-up the patient developed elevated liver enzyme serum levels and abd…

Malemusculoskeletal diseasesHeterozygotemedicine.medical_specialtyErythrocytesFoot Deformities CongenitalEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMutation MissenseParathyroid hormoneGallstonesGene mutationHyperphosphatemiaEndocrinologyInternal medicineChromograninsGTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits GsGNAS complex locusHumansMedicineMissense mutationnatural sciencesAmino Acid SequenceChildConserved SequencePseudohypoparathyroidismBase SequenceSequence Homology Amino Acidbiologybusiness.industryDNAExonsGallstonesmedicine.diseasePedigreeCholesterolEndocrinologyAmino Acid SubstitutionPseudohypoparathyroidismPediatrics Perinatology and Child Healthbiology.proteinbusinessHand Deformities CongenitalHormoneJournal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism
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Geometric models for algebraic suspensions

2021

We analyze the question of which motivic homotopy types admit smooth schemes as representatives. We show that given a pointed smooth affine scheme $X$ and an embedding into affine space, the affine deformation space of the embedding gives a model for the ${\mathbb P}^1$ suspension of $X$; we also analyze a host of variations on this observation. Our approach yields many examples of ${\mathbb A}^1$-$(n-1)$-connected smooth affine $2n$-folds and strictly quasi-affine ${\mathbb A}^1$-contractible smooth schemes.

Mathematics - Algebraic GeometryMathematics - Geometric Topology14F42 14D06 55P40General MathematicsMathematics - K-Theory and HomologyFOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Algebraic Topology (math.AT)Geometric Topology (math.GT)K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)[MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Mathematics - Algebraic TopologyAlgebraic Geometry (math.AG)
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Milnor-Witt Motives

2020

We develop the theory of Milnor-Witt motives and motivic cohomology. Compared to Voevodsky's theory of motives and his motivic cohomology, the first difference appears in our definition of Milnor-Witt finite correspondences, where our cycles come equipped with quadratic forms. This yields a weaker notion of transfers and a derived category of motives that is closer to the stable homotopy theory of schemes. We prove a cancellation theorem when tensoring with the Tate object, we compare the diagonal part of our Milnor-Witt motivic cohomology to Minor-Witt K-theory and we provide spectra representing various versions of motivic cohomology in the $\mathbb{A}^1$-derived category or the stable ho…

Mathematics - Algebraic GeometryMathematics::K-Theory and HomologyMathematics::Category Theory11E70 13D15 14F42 19E15 19G38 (Primary) 11E81 14A99 14C35 19D45 (Secondary)FOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG][MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)Mathematics::Algebraic Topology
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Orientation theory in arithmetic geometry

2016

This work is devoted to study orientation theory in arithmetic geometric within the motivic homotopy theory of Morel and Voevodsky. The main tool is a formulation of the absolute purity property for an \emph{arithmetic cohomology theory}, either represented by a cartesian section of the stable homotopy category or satisfying suitable axioms. We give many examples, formulate conjectures and prove a useful property of analytical invariance. Within this axiomatic, we thoroughly develop the theory of characteristic and fundamental classes, Gysin and residue morphisms. This is used to prove Riemann-Roch formulas, in Grothendieck style for arbitrary natural transformations of cohomologies, and a …

Mathematics - Algebraic Geometryresiduescobordism14C40 14F42 14F20 19E20 19D45 19E15Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyMathematics::Category Theory[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG][MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Orientation theorymotivic homotopyMathematics::Algebraic TopologyRiemann-Roch formulas
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An index formula on manifolds with fibered cusp ends

2002

We consider a compact manifold whose boundary is a locally trivial fiber bundle and an associated pseudodifferential algebra that models fibered cusps at infinity. Using trace-like functionals that generate the 0-dimensional Hochschild cohomology groups, we express the index of a fully elliptic fibered cusp operator as the sum of a local contribution from the interior and a term that comes from the boundary. This answers the index problem formulated by Mazzeo and Melrose. We give a more precise answer in the case where the base of the boundary fiber bundle is the circle. In particular, for Dirac operators associated to a "product fibered cusp metric", the index is given by the integral of t…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryCusp (singularity)Pure mathematics58J40 58J20 58J28Boundary (topology)Fibered knotCohomologyManifoldEta invariantOperator (computer programming)Differential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyFOS: MathematicsFiber bundleGeometry and TopologyMathematics
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Quillen superconnections and connections on supermanifolds

2013

Given a supervector bundle $E = E_0\oplus E_1 \to M$, we exhibit a parametrization of Quillen superconnections on $E$ by graded connections on the Cartan-Koszul supermanifold $(M;\Omega (M))$. The relation between the curvatures of both kind of connections, and their associated Chern classes, is discussed in detail. In particular, we find that Chern classes for graded vector bundles on split supermanifolds can be computed through the associated Quillen superconnections.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryHigh Energy Physics - TheoryChern classGeneral Physics and AstronomyVector bundleFOS: Physical sciences53C07 58C50 81T13Mathematical Physics (math-ph)Mathematics::Algebraic TopologyAlgebraHigh Energy Physics::TheoryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyBundleSupermanifoldFOS: MathematicsGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Differential GeometryParametrizationMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematics
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L2-torsion of hyperbolic manifolds

1998

The L^2-torsion is an invariant defined for compact L^2-acyclic manifolds of determinant class, for example odd dimensional hyperbolic manifolds. It was introduced by John Lott and Varghese Mathai and computed for hyperbolic manifolds in low dimensions. In this paper we show that the L^2-torsion of hyperbolic manifolds of arbitrary odd dimension does not vanish. This was conjectured by J. Lott and W. Lueck. Some concrete values are computed and an estimate of their growth with the dimension is given.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsConjectureGeneral MathematicsAlgebraic geometryMathematics::Geometric TopologyNumber theoryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics::K-Theory and Homology58G11 (primary) 58G26 (secondary)FOS: MathematicsTorsion (algebra)Mathematics::Metric GeometryMathematics::Differential GeometryMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematics
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Algebraic models of the Euclidean plane

2018

We introduce a new invariant, the real (logarithmic)-Kodaira dimension, that allows to distinguish smooth real algebraic surfaces up to birational diffeomorphism. As an application, we construct infinite families of smooth rational real algebraic surfaces with trivial homology groups, whose real loci are diffeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^2$, but which are pairwise not birationally diffeomorphic. There are thus infinitely many non-trivial models of the euclidean plane, contrary to the compact case.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsaffine complexificationLogarithmReal algebraic model01 natural sciencesMathematics - Algebraic GeometryMathematics::Algebraic Geometry0103 physical sciencesEuclidean geometryAlgebraic surfaceaffine surfaceFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsInvariant (mathematics)Algebraic numberMathematics::Symplectic GeometryAlgebraic Geometry (math.AG)MathematicsAlgebra and Number Theory010102 general mathematics[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]q-homology planesbirational diffeomorphismDifferential Geometry (math.DG)[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]rational fibrationPairwise comparison010307 mathematical physicsGeometry and TopologyDiffeomorphism[MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]14R05 14R25 14E05 14P25 14J26[MATH.MATH-DG] Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]Singular homology
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Algèbres et cogèbres de Gerstenhaber et cohomologie de Chevalley–Harrison

2009

Resume Un prototype des algebres de Gerstenhaber est l'espace T poly ( R d ) des champs de tenseurs sur R d muni du produit exterieur et du crochet de Schouten. Dans cet article, on decrit explicitement la structure de la G ∞ algebre enveloppante d'une algebre de Gerstenhaber. Cette structure permet de definir une cohomologie de Chevalley–Harrison sur cette algebre. On montre que cette cohomologie a valeur dans R n'est pas triviale dans le cas de la sous algebre de Gerstenhaber des tenseurs homogenes T poly hom ( R d ) .

Mathematics(all)Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyGeneral MathematicsMathematics::Quantum AlgebraMathematics::Rings and AlgebrasAlgèbres différentielles graduéesHumanitiesMathematics::Algebraic TopologyAlgèbres homotopiquesCohomologieCogèbresMathematicsBulletin des Sciences Mathématiques
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