Search results for " Hormonal"
showing 10 items of 68 documents
Hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer: Clinical data.
2018
Abstract The endocrine background of breast cancer has raised questions about the increase in risk that might bear the use of hormonal contraceptives. This has been a particular issue in the case of young women, who constitute the population of contraceptive consumers. Observational studies have been the main source of evidence, which has mainly limited to the combined estrogen-progestogen preparations, the popular pill. Studies in the 80′s and 90′s of the past century found a small, around a 20%, increase in risk. The translation in absolute number of excess cases has been exiguous because the prevalence of the disease is relatively small in premenopausal women. Moreover, the risk slowly s…
Evidence of jak2 val617phe positive essential thrombocythemia with splanchnic thrombosis during estroprogestinic treatment
2008
The discovery of the Janus kinase 2 Val617Phe mutation has brought new insights into the development of myeloproliferative disorders; however, the pathogenesis of essential thrombocythemia and its related thrombotic complications has not been completely understood. Although the Janus kinase 2 Val617Phe mutation confirms the initially suspected clonal character of the disease, factors influencing clonal transformation and expansion in the bone marrow have not been fully detected. Furthermore, patients affected by essential thrombocythemia who are carriers of the Janus kinase 2 Val617Phe mutation show a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism both before, and at the time of diagnosis, comp…
The influence of oral contraceptives on the composition of bile.
1982
The increased risk of cholelithiasis during intake of oral contraceptives may be due to estrogen-induced saturation of the bile with cholesterol. In a randomized, prospective, crossed-over double-blind study 20 healthy women after roentgenological exclusion of gall-stones received either 1.0 mg of norethindrone acetate and 50 microgram ethinyl estradiol daily - as usual in oral contraception - for 21 days with 7 days of placebo treatment in each cycle or one fifth of this hormone dose in form of a continuous daily medication. After a 4 month's treatment the medication form was crossed-over. At the beginning of the study, before the cross-over and after the study bile was collected by duoden…
Cycle scheduling for in vitro fertilization with oral contraceptive pills versus oral estradiol valerate: a randomized, controlled trial
2013
Abstract Background Both oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and estradiol (E2) valerate have been used to schedule gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles and, consequently, laboratory activities. However, there are no studies comparing treatment outcomes directly between these two pretreatment methods. This randomized controlled trial was aimed at finding differences in ongoing pregnancy rates between GnRH antagonist IVF cycles scheduled with OCPs or E2 valerate. Methods Between January and May 2012, one hundred consecutive patients (nonobese, regularly cycling women 18–38 years with normal day 3 hormone levels and <3 previous IVF/ICSI attempts)…
Docetaxel plus prednisone in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: An Italian clinical experience
2011
Aims and Background: We investigated the efficacy of docetaxel plus prednisone in Italian patients with metastatic hormone- refractory prostate cancer (mHRPC). Methods: Twenty four patients with mHRPC received docetaxel 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks plus prednisone 5 mg twice daily for up to six cycles. The primary endpoint was efficacy measured by a reduction in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and measurable disease. Evaluation of toxicity, quality of life and reduction of pain were secondary endpoints. Results: PSA response was seen in 18 patients (75%). We observed a partial response in 2 patients (8.3%), stable disease in 10 patients (41.7%), and disease progression in 12 patients…
Recent advances in computational design of potent aromatase inhibitors: open-eye on endocrine-resistant breast cancers.
2019
Introduction: The vast majority of breast cancers (BC) are estrogen receptor positive (ER+). The most effective treatments to fight this BC type rely on estrogen deprivation therapy, by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which performs estrogen biosynthesis, or on blocking the estrogens signaling path via modulating/degrading the estrogen's specific nuclear receptor (estrogen receptor-?, ER?). While being effective at early disease stage, patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) may acquire resistance and often relapse after prolonged therapies. Areas covered: In this compendium, after an overview of the historical development of the AIs currently in clinical use, and of the computati…
Radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy: what has changed over time?
2021
The role and timing of radiotherapy (RT) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) remains controversial. While recent trials support the oncological safety of early salvage RT (SRT) compared to adjuvant RT (ART) in selected patients, previous randomized studies demonstrated that ART might improve recurrence-free survival in patients at high risk for local recurrence based on adverse pathology. Although ART might improve survival, this approach is characterized by a risk of overtreatment in up to 40% of cases. SRT is defined as the administration of RT to the prostatic bed and to the surrounding tissues in the patient with PSA recurrence after surgery but no …
Hysteroscopic Evaluation of Endometrial Changes in Breast Cancer Women with or without Hormone Therapies: Results from a Large Multicenter Cohort Stu…
2020
ABSTRACT Study Objective The primary aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of endometrial pathologies, especially endometrial cancer, in women with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen (TAM), aromatase inhibitors (AIs), or receiving no treatment (NT). The secondary aim was to identify, in this cohort, ultrasonographic findings that represent robust indications for hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy, to avoid unnecessary second-level diagnostic procedures. Design Multicenter retrospective cohort study (Clinical Trial ID: NCT03898947). Setting Data were collected from different Italian centers: Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome, Arbor Vitae Centre of Rome, Gaetano Ma…
CtIP silencing as a novel mechanism of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.
2007
AbstractAcquired resistance to the antiestrogen tamoxifen constitutes a major clinical challenge in breast cancer therapy. However, the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Using serial analysis of gene expression, we identified CtIP, a BRCA1- and CtBP-interacting protein, as one of the most significantly down-regulated transcripts in estrogen receptor α–positive (ER+) MCF-7 tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. We further confirmed the association of CtIP down-regulation with tamoxifen resistance in an additional ER+ breast cancer line (T47D), strengthening the relevance of the phenomenon observed. In additional studies, we found CtIP protein expression in a majority of ER+ …
Underuse of long-term routine hospital follow-up care in patients with a history of breast cancer?
2011
Abstract Background After primary treatment for breast cancer, patients are recommended to use hospital follow-up care routinely. Long-term data on the utilization of this follow-up care are relatively rare. Methods Information regarding the utilization of routine hospital follow-up care was retrieved from hospital documents of 662 patients treated for breast cancer. Utilization of hospital follow-up care was defined as the use of follow-up care according to the guidelines in that period of time. Determinants of hospital follow up care were evaluated with multivariate analysis by generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results The median follow-up time was 9.0 (0.3-18.1) years. At fifth and…