Search results for " Identification"

showing 10 items of 707 documents

Where is the locus of the lowercase advantage during sentence reading?

2016

While most models of visual word identification and reading posit that a word's visual codes are rapidly transformed onto case-invariant representations (i.e., table and TABLE would equally activate the word unit corresponding to "table"), a number of experiments have shown a lowercase advantage in various word identification and reading tasks. In the present experiment, we examined the locus of this lowercase advantage by comparing the pattern of eye movements when reading sentences in lowercase vs. uppercase. Each sentence contained a target word that was high or low in word-frequency. Overall, results showed faster reading times for lowercase than for uppercase sentences. More important,…

AdultMaleLetter caseEye MovementsComputer scienceSpeech recognitionExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyFixation Ocular050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Developmental and Educational PsychologyHumansSentence reading0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesVisual WordCommunicationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesEye movementGeneral MedicineGazeSemanticsWord lists by frequencyReadingWord identificationPrintingFemaleComprehensionbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySentenceActa Psychologica
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Greater university identification - but not greater contact - leads to more life satisfaction: evidence from a Spanish longitudinal study

2018

Background: A growing body of literature has highlighted the relationship between group identification (a subjective sense of belonging to one’s social group, coupled with a subjective sense of commonality with the group’s members) and wellbeing. However, little of this work is longitudinal, and few studies address reciprocal causality or control for intensity of contact with fellow group members.\ud \ud Method: We investigated the effect of university identification on satisfaction with life (SWL) over time (and vice versa) in 216 Spanish undergraduates, with seven months between T1 and T2. \ud Results: While greater university identification T1 predicted higher SWL T2, SWL T1 did not pred…

AdultMaleLongitudinal studyUniversities050109 social psychologyPersonal Satisfaction050105 experimental psychologySocial groupSocial supportYoung AdultHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInterpersonal RelationsLongitudinal StudiesSocial identity theoryStudentsApplied PsychologySocial Identification05 social sciencesLife satisfactionCausalityIdentification (information)SpainWell-beingFemalePsychologyClinical psychology
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Alcohol and Cannabis Intake in Nursing Students

2019

Background and objectives: Drug misuse among young people has become a major worldwide health concern. The present study analyzes substance misuse and its social and personal consequences in young university students. Materials and Methods: Screening of alcohol misuse was based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), while screening of substance-related risks and problems was performed with the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) score. Results: The population was composed of nursing students at the University of Valencia (Valencia, Spain) (n = 185). More than 50% of the surveyed students reported alcohol intake based on the CRAFFT scale

AdultMaleMarijuana AbuseMedicine (General)Alcohol DrinkingSubstance-Related Disordersalcohol abusealcohol abuse; marijuana; social consequences; CRAFFT scale; audit scalePopulationProtective factorAlcohol abuseAuditHashishLogistic regressionArticleYoung AdultSex FactorsR5-920NursingSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumanseducationeducation.field_of_studyAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Testbiologybusiness.industryAge FactorsGeneral Medicineaudit scaleMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseAlcoholismLogistic ModelsSpainsocial consequencesFemaleMarijuana UseStudents NursingCannabisbusinessCRAFFT scalemarijuanamedicine.drugMedicina
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Identity, Couple and Intergroup Dynamics in Intercultural Families: Implications on Life Satisfaction of Partners

2019

The current study analyzed how identity, couple, and intergroup dynamics are related to life satisfaction among 210 intercultural partners living in Italy. Three levels of analysis were considered: a micro level, taking into account the identity aspect of each partner in terms of self- or hetero-ethnic identification; a meso level, examining the passion, commitment, and intimacy of the couple sphere of the partners; a macro level investigating the discrimination that partners can perceive by the community as an effect of the relationship between dominant and minority groups. The results show that for both partners, foreign and Italian, the variables that have a predictive value on life sati…

AdultMaleMicro levelSocial PsychologySexual Behaviormedia_common.quotation_subjectEthnic groupIdentity (social science)PassionPersonal SatisfactionEthnic IdentificationDiscriminationEthnicityMacro levelHumansInterpersonal RelationsMinority Groupsmedia_commonFamily CharacteristicsSocial Identificationmatrimonio interracialLife satisfactionSocial Discriminationpareja bicultural discriminaciónidentificación étnicaLife SatisfactionGroup ProcessesBicultural CoupleClinical PsychologySexual PartnersItalysatisfacción con la vidaIntergroup dynamicsFemaleIdentification (psychology)PsychologyIntermarriageSocial psychologySocial Sciences (miscellaneous)
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Application of mtDNA sequence analysis in forensic casework for the identification of human remains

2000

Abstract In four forensic cases of unidentified skeletal remains investigated in the last year, we were able to attach three to missing persons. In one case we could show that the discovered bone sample did not fit to a missing child. The method for mitochondrial DNA analysis for the routine identification of skeletal remains was established in our institute by typing bone samples of defined age obtained from Frankfurt's cemetery. Reproducible results were obtained for bones up to 75 years old. For analysis the bone samples were pulverised to fine powder, decalcified and DNA was extracted. From the DNA we amplified a 404-bp fragment from HV-1 and a 379-bp fragment from HV-2 of the mtDNA con…

AdultMaleMitochondrial DNASequence analysisMinisatellite RepeatsBiologyDNA MitochondrialPolymerase Chain ReactionBone and BonesPathology and Forensic Medicinelaw.inventionlawAge Determination by SkeletonHumansChildPolymerase chain reactionGeneticsmtDNA control regionForensic anthropologySequence Analysis DNADNA FingerprintingHypervariable regionForensic identificationDNA profilingForensic AnthropologyFemaleLawForensic Science International
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Late-Emerging and Resolving Dyslexia

2015

This study focuses on the stability of dyslexia status from Grade 2 to Grade 8 in four groups: (a) no dyslexia in either grade (no-dyslexia, n = 127); (b) no dyslexia in Grade 2 but dyslexia in Grade 8 (late-emerging, n = 18); (c) dyslexia in Grade 2 but not in Grade 8 (resolving, n = 15); and (d) dyslexia in both grades (persistent-dyslexia, n = 22). We examined group differences from age 3.5 to age 14 in (a) reading, vocabulary, phonology, letter knowledge, rapid naming, IQ, verbal memory; (b) familial and environmental risk and supportive factors; and (c) parental skills in reading, phonology, rapid naming, verbal memory, and vocabulary. Our findings showed group differences both in read…

AdultMaleParentsRiskVocabularyAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectbehavioral disciplines and activitiesDevelopmental psychologyDyslexiaChild DevelopmentLate-emerging dyslexiaReading (process)mental disordersDevelopmental and Educational PsychologymedicineHumansdysleksiaCognitive skillAge of OnsetChildmedia_commonLanguage TestsFamily risk for dyslexiaDyslexiaCognitionPhonologyPrognosis/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/quality_educationmedicine.diseasenervous system diseasesPsychiatry and Mental healthEarly identificationChild PreschoolDisease ProgressionFemaleDisease SusceptibilityReading disabilitiesVerbal memoryAge of onsetPsychologySDG 4 - Quality EducationFollow-Up StudiesJournal of Abnormal Child Psychology
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MAGAM II – prospective observational multicentre poisons centres study on eye exposures caused by cleaning products

2019

Objective: Local effects on the eye following cleaning product exposures are frequently reported. According to EU chemicals legislation many cleaning products are labelled with Hazard Phrase 318 in...

AdultMalePoison Control CentersTime FactorsAdolescentgenetic structuresInjury controlAccident preventionDetergentsPoison controlToxicologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesEye InjuriesInjury Severity Score0302 clinical medicineGermanyEnvironmental healthHumansMedicineProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineChemical eye injuryChildAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryAge FactorsInfant030208 emergency & critical care medicineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCleaning product3. Good healthChild PreschoolFemaleObservational studybusinessProduct identificationClinical Toxicology
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Using Power as a Negative Cue: How Conspiracy Mentality Affects Epistemic Trust in Sources of Historical Knowledge.

2018

Classical theories of attitude change point to the positive effect of source expertise on perceived source credibility persuasion, but there is an ongoing societal debate on the increase in anti-elitist sentiments and conspiracy theories regarding the allegedly untrustworthy power elite. In one correlational ( N = 275) and three experimental studies ( N = 195, N = 464, N = 225), we tested the novel idea that people who endorse a conspiratorial mind-set (conspiracy mentality) indeed exhibit markedly different reactions to cues of epistemic authoritativeness than those who do not: Whereas the perceived credibility of powerful sources decreased with the recipients' conspiracy mentality, that o…

AdultMalePsychologie sociale expérimentalePersuasionSocial Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectPersuasive Communication050109 social psychologyTrustingroup bias050105 experimental psychologycredibilityPower (social and political)Young AdultCredibilityHumansconspiracy mentality0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesIn-group favoritismmedia_commonSocial IdentificationSource credibility05 social sciencesIngroups and outgroupsGroup ProcessesEpistemologyKnowledgeAttitudeEliteFemaleAttitude changeepistemic trusthistoryCuesPower PsychologicalPsychologySocial psychology
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Autosomal-recessive SASH1 variants associated with a new genodermatosis with pigmentation defects, palmoplantar keratoderma and skin carcinoma

2014

SASH1 (SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in the tumorigenesis of a spectrum of solid cancers. Heterozygous SASH1 variants are known to cause autosomal-dominant dyschromatosis. Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing were performed in a consanguineous Moroccan family with two affected siblings presenting an unclassified phenotype associating an abnormal pigmentation pattern (hypo- and hyperpigmented macules of the trunk and face and areas of reticular hypo- and hyperpigmentation of the extremities), alopecia, palmoplantar keratoderma, ungueal dystrophy and recurrent spinocellular carcinoma. We identified a homozygous variant in SASH1 (c.1849…

AdultMaleSkin NeoplasmsDNA Mutational AnalysisMutation MissenseGenes RecessiveConsanguinityBiologyArticleConsanguinityKeratoderma PalmoplantarGeneticsmedicineHumansExomeGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetics (clinical)Pigmentation disorderSkinFamily HealthGeneticsSiblingsTumor Suppressor ProteinsHomozygoteGenodermatosisSequence Analysis DNAFibroblastsmedicine.diseaseDisease gene identificationHyperpigmentationPedigreePalmoplantar keratodermaFemaleSkin cancermedicine.symptomSkin CarcinomaPigmentation DisordersEuropean Journal of Human Genetics
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Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing.

2016

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators' reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing - the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., & Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366-375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive man…

AdultMaleSocial psychology (sociology)media_common.quotation_subjectVictoryPoison control050109 social psychologyPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationFootballSuicide prevention03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinePsychology SportsPersonalityCluster AnalysisHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesOrthopedics and Sports Medicinemedia_commonSocial Identification05 social sciencesHuman factors and ergonomics030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineBasking in reflected gloryFemalePsychologySocial psychologySportsEuropean journal of sport science
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