Search results for " Infection"

showing 10 items of 3396 documents

JC Virus and Lung Adenocarcinoma: Fact or Myth?

2017

Background/aim An association has been reported between lung cancer and John Cunningham (JC) virus infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of JC virus in a small cohort of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and assess its presence in nodal metastasis. Materials and methods Consecutive samples of 13 surgically-removed lung tumors and 13 surrounding normal cancer-free tissues were selected. Five cases included metastatic lymph nodes. JC virus infection was assessed through nested PCR. Results Seven out of thirteen patients with lung adenocarcinoma had a positive PCR test for JC virus. One of the five patients with nodal metastasis had a positive PCR test for JC virus. N…

0301 basic medicineMaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyTumor Virus InfectionsLung NeoplasmsvirusesJC virusAdenocarcinoma of Lung030230 surgeryAdenocarcinomamedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionVirus03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansLung cancerAgedPolyomavirus InfectionsLungbusiness.industryJC Virus InfectionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseJC VirusTumor Virus Infections030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyCase-Control StudiesLymphatic MetastasisDNA ViralAdenocarcinomaFemalebusinessPolyomavirus InfectionsAnticancer research
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Significance of chronic toxoplasmosis in epidemiology of road traffic accidents in Russian Federation

2017

Studies carried out in Moscow residents have revealed that the prevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis is very close to those in countries of Eastern and Central Europe. Our findings also demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the rate of traffic accidents and the seroprevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis in drivers who were held responsible for accidents. The latter was 2.37 times higher in drivers who were involved in road accidents compared with control groups. These results suggest that the consequences of chronic toxoplasmosis (particularly a slower reaction time and decreased concentration) might contribute to the peculiarities of the epidemiology of road traffic acci…

0301 basic medicineMaleCritical Care and Emergency Medicinelcsh:MedicineAntibodies ProtozoanRussiaGeographical LocationsEnvironmental protectionEpidemiologyMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalencePublic and Occupational Healthlcsh:ScienceRoad trafficTrauma MedicineGeographic AreasMultidisciplinaryGeographyTraumatic Injury Risk FactorsAccidents Traffic030108 mycology & parasitologyEuropeGeographyRoad Traffic CollisionsFemaleSafetyTraumatic InjuryToxoplasmosisResearch ArticleUrban Areasmedicine.medical_specialtyAsiaCognitive Neuroscience03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthmedicineParasitic DiseasesReaction TimeSeroprevalenceHumansBehaviorProtozoan InfectionsRoad traffic safetylcsh:RTraffic SafetyBiology and Life Sciencesmedicine.diseaseToxoplasmosis030104 developmental biologyImmunoglobulin MCase-Control StudiesImmunoglobulin GPeople and PlacesChronic DiseaseEarth SciencesCognitive Sciencelcsh:QRussian federationhuman activitiesNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Performance of a rapid diagnostic test for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in African children admitted to hospital with diarrhea

2020

Background Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that causes mild to severe diarrhoeal disease in humans. To date, several commercial companies have developed rapid immunoassays for the detection of Cryptosporidium infection. However, the challenge is to identify an accurate, simple and rapid diagnostic tool for the estimation of cryptosporidiosis burden. This study aims at evaluating the accuracy of CerTest Crypto, a commercialized rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the detection of Cryptosporidium antigens in the stool of children presenting with diarrhoea. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in four study sites in Sub-Saharan Africa (Gabon, Ghana, Madagascar, and Tanzania), from…

0301 basic medicineMaleCryptosporidium infectionCross-sectional studyRC955-962CryptosporidiosisArtificial Gene Amplification and ExtensionPathology and Laboratory MedicinePolymerase Chain ReactionENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICAGeographical LocationsFeces0302 clinical medicineArctic medicine. Tropical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesMedicineProtozoansRapid diagnostic testbiologyEukaryotaCryptosporidiumDiarrheaInfectious DiseasesCryptosporidium parvumChild PreschoolGIARDIA-LAMBLIAFemalemedicine.symptomPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270BURDENPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthResearch ArticleDiarrheamedicine.medical_specialty030231 tropical medicineANTIGENCryptosporidiumGastroenterology and HepatologyResearch and Analysis MethodsSensitivity and Specificity03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsDiagnostic MedicineOOCYSTSInternal medicineparasitic diseasesParasitic DiseasesHumansGabonMolecular Biology TechniquesMolecular BiologyAfrica South of the Saharabusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOrganismsCryptosporidium ParvumBiology and Life SciencesInfantGold standard (test)biology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalParasitic Protozoans030104 developmental biologyCross-Sectional StudiesFECAL SAMPLESPeople and PlacesAfricabusiness
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Antibiotic resistance and population structure of cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a Spanish multi-centre study

2017

The first Spanish multi-centre study on the microbiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) was conducted from 2013 to 2014. The study involved 24 CF units from 17 hospitals, and recruited 341 patients. The aim of this study was to characterise Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 79 of which were recovered from 75 (22%) patients. The study determined the population structure, antibiotic susceptibility profile and genetic background of the strains. Fifty-five percent of the isolates were multi-drug-resistant, and 16% were extensively drug-resistant. Defective mutS and mutL genes were observed in mutator isolates (15.2%). Considerable genetic diversity was observed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (70 p…

0301 basic medicineMaleCystic FibrosisAntibiotic resistanceArray tubeMulti-locus sequence typing (MLST)medicine.disease_causeGenotypePharmacology (medical)ChildGeneticseducation.field_of_studyMolecular EpidemiologyVirulencePseucforrumus aeruginosaGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedMutS DNA Mismatch-Binding ProteinElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldInfectious DiseasesChild PreschoolPseudomonas aeruginosaFemalemedicine.drugMicrobiology (medical)AdultAdolescentGenotype030106 microbiologyPopulationVirulenceBiologyCystic fibrosisMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultAntibiotic resistanceDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineHumansPseudomonas InfectionsTypingeducationGenetic diversityPseudomonas aeruginosaGenetic VariationMutL ProteinsSpainColistinMultilocus Sequence Typing
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Follicular dendritic cells display microvesicle-associated LMP1 in reactive germinal centers of EBV+ classic Hodgkin lymphoma

2018

Expression of the latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was investigated in 153 cases of EBV+ classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL); 120 cases were pediatric patients (< 14 years of age) from Iraq, and 33 cases were adult patients from Italy. We describe for the first time the presence of LMP1 protein in EBV-encoded RNA (EBER)-negative follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) of reactive germinal centers (GC) associated with EBV+ cHL. Presence of LMP1+ GCs was independent of geographic region and age of patients. Variable numbers of reactive GCs were present in 22.2% of cases (34 of 153), whereas LMP1 staining of FDCs was present in about a third of cases (10 of 34) with reactiv…

0301 basic medicineMaleEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsClassic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL)CD30Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs)Exosomes and&nbsp0302 clinical medicineclassic hodgkin lymphoma (chl); epstein-barr virus (ebv); exosomes and microvesicles; follicular dendritic cells (fdcs); latent membrane protein-1 (lmp1); programmed death ligand 1 (pd-l1)Nodular sclerosisCell-Derived MicroparticlesEpstein-Barr Virus Infectionhemic and lymphatic diseasesChildCD63MicrovesicleGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedHodgkin DiseaseEpstein-Barr virus (EBV)Cell-Derived Microparticle030220 oncology & carcinogenesisProgrammed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)microvesicleOriginal ArticleFemaleHumanAdultBiologyVirusPathology and Forensic MedicineViral Matrix Proteins03 medical and health sciencesExosomes and microvesiclesmedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesHumansMolecular BiologyEpstein–Barr virus infectionAgedFollicular dendritic cellsGerminal centerCell Biologymedicine.diseaseGerminal CenterMolecular biologystomatognathic diseases030104 developmental biologyLatent membrane protein-1 (LMP1)Dendritic Cells Follicular
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Predictors of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Titers two decades after vaccination in a cohort of students and post-graduates of the Medical School at th…

2017

Introduction and objective. The introduction of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) for newborn babies in Italy in 1991, extended to 12-year-old children for the first 12 years of application, has been a major achievement in terms of the prevention of HBV infection. The objective of this study was to analyse the long-term immunogenicity and effectiveness of HBV vaccination among healthcare students with different working seniorities. Materials and method. A cross-sectional observational study of undergraduate and postgraduate students attending the Medical School of the University of Palermo was conducted from January 2014 – July 2016. HBV serum markers were performed with commercial …

0301 basic medicineMaleHBsAgSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaStudents Medicalmedicine.disease_causeLogistic regressionCohort Studies0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineChildWaste Management and DisposalHBV infectionlcsh:Environmental sciencesSchools Medicallcsh:GE1-350Anti-HBs titreHepatitis BVaccinationCohortFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B virusAdolescent030106 microbiologyHBV infection HBV vaccination Anti-HBs titre Healthcare students postgraduate medical studentsHealthcare studentslcsh:Agriculture03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodiesStudentsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsHBV vaccinationHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industrySettore MED/44 - Medicina Del Lavorolcsh:SPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOdds ratioConfidence intervalpostgraduate medical studentsCross-Sectional StudiesImmunologyObservational studybusinessBiomarkersFollow-Up Studies
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Positioning of darunavir/cobicistat-containing antiretroviral regimens in real life: results from a large multicentre observational prospective cohor…

2019

Abstract Background Study aim was to evaluate the safety and durability of darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c) in a real life setting. Methods Multicentre prospective cohort study performed in the context of SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals). Patients were evaluated at baseline, week 24 and 48. Changes were evaluated using the paired t test or signed rank test. The multivariable analysis was performed using a general linear model, after ranking of not normally distributed variables. Results A total of 249 patients were included, 72 (29%) were in DRV/c-based dual therapies (DT). Hypercholesterolemia, HC, (total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 mg/dL or low density-C (LDL-C) ≥ 13…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineDualMedicineHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyDarunavirCobicistatMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityTolerabilityAnti-Retroviral AgentsCohortMolecular MedicineDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleDarunavir/cobicistatHumanmedicine.drugAdverse eventAdultlcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergymedicine.medical_specialty030106 microbiologyContext (language use)Durability03 medical and health sciencesDarunavir/cobicistat Dual Durability Tolerability CISAI Adverse eventsVirologyInternal medicineHumansDarunavirbusiness.industryResearchHypertriglyceridemiamedicine.diseaseCISAIDiscontinuationProspective StudieAdverse eventsHIV-1Anti-Retroviral AgentCobicistatbusinesslcsh:RC581-607
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Efficacy and tolerability of switching to a dual therapy with darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤50 cp/…

2017

Background: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) toxicity may represent a threat for long-term success of combined antiretroviral therapy. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement of NRTI-related toxicity after switching to NRTI-sparing regimens. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) plus raltegravir (RAL) while having a viral load (VL) ≤50 copies/mL in the clinical setting. Study design: Treatment-experienced HIV 1-infected patients enrolled in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort were included if they switched their current regimen to DRV/r + RAL with a HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Different defin…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV InfectionsAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Darunavir; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; RNA Viral; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; Viral LoadGastroenterologyCohort StudiesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability0302 clinical medicineMedicineNRTI-sparing regimen030212 general & internal medicineViralDarunavireducation.field_of_studyLamivudineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityAntiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCombinationRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleViral loadmedicine.drugAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyPopulationDarunavir/ritonavir; Raltegravir; Efficacy; Tolerability; Antiretroviral therapy; NRTI-sparing regimenSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVELower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRaltegravir PotassiumHumanseducationDarunavirRitonavirbusiness.industryDarunavir/ritonavirRaltegravirRaltegravirHIV-1RNARitonavirbusinessAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability;
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Long-term Immune Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Regimens in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized…

2016

International audience; IMPORTANCE:Data on long-term immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in adults with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection are scarce.OBJECTIVE:To compare long-term (up to month 42) immune responses to the standard HBV vaccination regimen with a 4-injection intramuscular double-dose regimen and a 4-injection intradermal low-dose regimen.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:The phase 3, open-label, multicenter parallel-group (1:1:1 allocation ratio) randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 28, 2007, to October 23, 2008, at 33 centers in France. Participants included 437 HBV-seronegative adults with HIV-1 and CD4 cell counts of more than…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causelaw.inventionMESH: HIV-10302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawSingle-Blind Method030212 general & internal medicineMESH: Hepatitis B AntibodiesMESH: Treatment Outcomeeducation.field_of_study[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyMESH: Middle AgedVaccinationMESH: Follow-Up StudiesMESH: HIV InfectionsHepatitis BMiddle Aged16. Peace & justiceHepatitis BMESH: Injections Intramuscular3. Good healthVaccinationTreatment OutcomeFemaleFranceIntramuscular injectionAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B vaccineInjections Intradermal030106 microbiologyPopulationInjections Intramuscular03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHepatitis B virusMESH: Injections IntradermalMESH: Hepatitis B VaccinesMESH: HumansMESH: Hepatitis Bbusiness.industryMESH: AdultMESH: Vaccinationmedicine.diseaseMESH: Single-Blind MethodMESH: MaleSurgeryMESH: FranceRegimenHIV-1MESH: BiomarkersbusinessMESH: FemaleBiomarkers[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyFollow-Up Studies
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Vitamin D Status and the Relationship with Bone Fragility Fractures in HIV-Infected Patients: A Case Control Study

2018

HIV-infected patients show high risk of fracture. The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) and their associations with vitamin D in HIV patients. 100 patients with HIV infection and 100 healthy age-and sex-matched controls were studied. Bone mineral density was measured by quantitative ultrasound at the non-dominant heel. Serum osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 served as bone turnover markers. Bone ultrasound measurements were significantly lower in patients compared with controls (Stiffness Index (SI): 80.58 ± 19.95% vs. 93.80 ± 7.10%, respectively, p < 0.001). VFs were found in 16 patients and in 2 controls. HIV patie…

0301 basic medicineMaleHeelBone ultrasound; HIV; Osteoporosis; Vertebral fractures; Vitamin D; Catalysis; Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Inorganic ChemistryOsteoporosisvitamin DHIV InfectionsGastroenterologyCatalysiBone remodelingFractures Bone0302 clinical medicineRisk Factors030212 general & internal medicineSpectroscopyBone mineralUltrasoundComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhosphorusGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedComputer Science Applicationsmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtybone ultrasoundCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistrybone ultrasound; HIV; osteoporosis; vertebral fractures; vitamin D03 medical and health sciencesN-terminal telopeptideInternal medicinemedicineVitamin D and neurologyHumansvertebral fracturesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryOsteoporosiCase-control studyHIVmedicine.diseaseosteoporosis030104 developmental biologyCase-Control StudiesCalciumVertebral fracturebusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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