Search results for " Intake"

Controversial roles of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms and folate in breast cancer disease

2014

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) represents a highly heterogeneous tumour at both the clinical and molecular levels. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the folate-metabolising enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase (MTHFR) may modify the association between folate intake and BC and influence plasma folate concentration. The role of folate in BC is equivocal, association studies between the common MTHFR SNPs C677T and A1298C and BC risk are controversial. In this study, I have reviewed observed associations between folate intake, as well as its blood levels, and BC. The purpose of this review is to analyse the role of folate and the two SNPs associated with reduced enzyme activity in B…

Carbohydrate quality changes and concurrent changes in cardiovascular risk factors: a longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus randomized trial.

2020

[Background]: Overall quality of dietary carbohydrate intake rather than total carbohydrate intake may determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Evaluating free school fruit: results from a natural experiment in Norway with representative data

2014

AbstractObjectiveTo assess impacts of the nationwide Norwegian School Fruit Scheme (NSFS) using nationally representative data.DesignThe NSFS is organized such that primary-school children (grades 1–7) are randomly assigned to one of three school fruit arrangements: (i) the child receives one free fruit or vegetable per day; (ii) the child is given the option to subscribe to one fruit or vegetable per day at a subsidized price; and (iii) the child attends a school that has no school fruit arrangement.SettingData from an Internet survey are used to compare child and parental fruit and vegetable intakes across the three NSFS groups focusing mainly on groups (i) and (iii). The analysis was con…

Selenium contents of human milk and infant formulas in Spain.

1999

The selenium content of Spanish human milk samples and different milk-based and soy-based infant formulas has been estimated by using a flow injection hydride atomic absorption spectrometric method after microwave digestion of the organic matter. Mean values of 11.4 +/- 3.7 and 10.7 +/- 4.6 ng/ml for colostrum and transitional milk, 8.4 +/- 3.4 and 5.3 +/- 1.9 ng/ml for mature milk at 1 month and up to 2 months respectively, was obtained. These values are close to those reported by others authors in Europe, and lower than the ones from the US, Japan and Korea. Selenium contents of the analyzed infants' formulas ranged from 2.7 to 9.6 ng/ml and from 1.8 to 7.5 ng/ml for soy and milk-based in…

Protein supplementation and dietary behaviours of resistance trained men and women attending commercial gyms: a comparative study between the city ce…

2014

Background: It is anecdotally recognized that commercial gym users assume supplements in order to improve performance or health. However, dietary behaviours of people and athletes attending commercial gyms have been poorly studied. The exact amount and frequency of dietary supplements consumption are still needed to be investigated. The main purpose of this study is to understand the quantity and quality of food intake, as well as dietary supplementation in people attending commercial gyms. Secondly to compare the city centre and the suburbs of Palermo, Italy. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire was administered to 561 subjects, 207 from the city centre (CC) and 354 from the suburbs (SB) …

The nutritional requirements of infants. Towards EU alignment of reference values: the EURRECA network

2010

This paper presents a review of the current knowledge regarding the macro- and micronutrient requirements of infants and discusses issues related to these requirements during the first year of life. The paper also reviews the current reference values used in European countries and the methodological approaches used to derive them by a sample of seven European and international authoritative committees from which background scientific reports are available. Throughout the paper, the main issues contributing to disparities in micronutrient reference values for infants are highlighted. The identification of these issues in relation to the specific physiological aspects of infants is important …

Anthropometric measures of Spanish children with autism spectrum disorder

2015

Abstract We aimed to compare body mass index (BMI) and healthy eating index (HEI) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n  = 105) and typically developing (TD, n  = 495) children. They were aged 6–9 years, lived in Valencia (Spain) and came from similar cultural and socio-economic backgrounds. In this case–control study, the weight, height and BMI were measured for both groups. Three-day food records were used to assess dietary intake. Although the differences between children with ASD and TD children in raw BMI ( p  = 0.44), BMI z -score ( p  = 0.37), HEI ( p  = 0.43) and total energy intake ( p  = 0.86) were not significant, children with ASD and the boys subgroup were shorter (…

Exposure and Risk Assessment of Hg, Cd, As, Tl, Se, and Mo in Women of Reproductive Age Using Urinary Biomonitoring

2021

The present study analyzed the exposure and risk assessment of 4 toxic (Hg, Cd, As, Tl) and 2 essential (Se, Mo) elements in 119 Spanish women of reproductive age. The focus was on the elements for which risk-based benchmark, biomonitoring equivalents, or health-related human biomonitoring values have already been established. All elements presented frequencies of detection of 100% (greater than the limit of detection), except for Cd (99%). The 95th percentile concentrations were, for the toxic metals, 358.37 µg/L (total As), 1.10 µg/L (Cd), 0.41 µg/L (Tl), and 3.03 µg/L (total Hg) and, for the essential elements, 68.95 µg/L (total Se) and 154.67 (Mo). We examined sociodemographic factors a…

Water-intake and conflict-behaviour after acute and chronic treatment with rolipram, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor; interaction with chlordiazepoxide

1988

Urinary Arsenic Species and Methylation Efficiency During Pregnancy: Concentrations and Associated Factors in Spanish Pregnant Women

2021

Background: Arsenic (As) is considered to be toxic for humans, the main routes of exposure being through drinking water and the diet. Once ingested, inorganic arsenic can be methylated sequentially to monomethyl and dimethyl arsenicals. Several factors can affect both As exposure and methylation efficiency. Objectives: To describe the urinary concentrations of the different As species and evaluate the methylation effi-ciency during pregnancy, as well as their associated factors in a birth cohort of pregnant Spanish women. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 1017 pregnant women from two areas of Spain who had taken part in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) project (20…