Search results for " Intake"
showing 10 items of 544 documents
The histone acetyltransferase MOF activates hypothalamic polysialylation to prevent diet-induced obesity in mice
2014
Overfeeding causes rapid synaptic remodeling in hypothalamus feeding circuits. Polysialylation of cell surface molecules is a key step in this neuronal rewiring and allows normalization of food intake. Here we examined the role of hypothalamic polysialylation in the long-term maintenance of body weight, and deciphered the molecular sequence underlying its nutritional regulation. We found that upon high fat diet (HFD), reduced hypothalamic polysialylation exacerbated the diet-induced obese phenotype in mice. Upon HFD, the histone acetyltransferase MOF was rapidly recruited on the St8sia4 polysialyltransferase-encoding gene. Mof silencing in the mediobasal hypothalamus of adult mice prevented…
Reproducibility and validity of a food frequency questionnaire among pregnant women in a Mediterranean area
2013
Background: Studies exploring the role of diet during pregnancy are still scarce, in part due to the complexity of measuring diet and to the lack of valid instruments. The aim of this study was to examine the reproducibility and validity (against biochemical biomarkers) of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in pregnant women. Methods: Participants were 740 pregnant women from a population-based birth cohort study in Valencia (INMA Study). We compared nutrient and food intakes from FFQs estimated for two periods of pregnancy (reproducibility), and compared energy-adjusted intake of several carotenoids, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C and a-tocopherol of the FFQ in the firs…
Dairy calcium intake and lifestyle risk factors for bone loss in hiv-infected and uninfected mediterranean subjects
2012
Abstract Background Despite the reported high prevalence of osteoporosis in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-population, there have been no previous studies examining dairy calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-subjects. We assessed the prevalence of low BMD in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects and analyzed the effects of calcium intake, lifestyle and HIV-related risk factors on BMD. Methods One hundred and twelve HIV-infected subjects were consecutively enrolled. Seventy- six HIV-uninfected subjects matched for age and sex were enrolled as the control group. The HIV-subjects were interviewed about lifestyle habits and completed a weekly food-frequency questionnaire …
En EHPAD, repérer les petits mangeurs et adapter leur alimentation : quel coût, quel bénéfice ?
2018
National audience; Des pesées alimentaires ont montré qu'une large majorité de personnes âgées vivant en EHPAD (Etablissement d'Hébergement pour Personne Âgée Dépendante) ne mange pas suffisamment pour couvrir ses besoins nutritionnels. Il s'ensuit un coût pour les personnes elles-mêmes (augmentation du risque nutritionnel), ainsi qu'un coût pour l'environnement (gaspillage alimentaire). Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de RENESSENS était de proposer aux résidents d'EHPAD une offre alimentaire adaptée à leurs capacités d'ingestion afin de couvrir leurs besoins nutritionnels. Pour cela, nous avons réalisé une étude clinique de 6 mois dans deux maisons de retraite, l'une contrôle (n=43) et l'autr…
Taste of Fat and Obesity: Different Hypotheses and Our Point of View
2022
Obesity results from a temporary or prolonged positive energy balance due to an alteration in the homeostatic feedback of energy balance. Food, with its discriminative and hedonic qualities, is a key element of reward-based energy intake. An alteration in the brain reward system for highly palatable energy-rich foods, comprised of fat and carbohydrates, could be one of the main factors involved in the development of obesity by increasing the attractiveness and consumption of fat-rich foods. This would induce, in turn, a decrease in the taste of fat. A better understanding of the altered reward system in obesity may open the door to a new era for the diagnosis, management and treatment of th…
Impact of intermittent energy restriction on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers in patients with overweight and obesity: system…
2020
This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of intermittent energy restriction (IER) on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers. A systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if the intervention lasted ≥12 weeks and IER was compared with either continuous energy restriction (CER) or a usual diet. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for eight outcomes. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Seventeen RCTs with 1328 participants were included. IER in comparison to a usual diet may reduce body weight (mean difference [MD]: −4.83 kg, 95%-CI: −5.46, −4.21; n = 6 RCTs), wais…
High-intensity interval training and moderate intensity training with exogenous adenosine counteract development of obesity in rats
2022
Objectives High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate Intensity Training (MIT) can combat the obesity epidemic. However, studies comparing their effects on obesity show controversial findings regarding weight loss. Adenosine has emerged as a possible, novel therapeutic agent to treat obesity, but more preclinical studies on its efficacy are needed. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to compare the effects of HIIT and MIT on obesity, and further to determine the dose-dependent effects of adenosine on body weight. Equipment and methods We induced obesity in male Wistar rats with high-fat diet (HFD) and monitored development of obesity by comparing the weight to rats on nor…
Toward a link between brain plasticity and satiety
2021
International audience
Vieillissement, adaptation alimentaire au grand âge et petit appétit : le petit mangeur âgé
2018
Atteindre un âge canonique de 100 ans avec toutes les fonctions cognitives et physiques de l'âge adulte est le souhait de chacun. Pour autant, avec le vieillissement, l'héritage génétique, les conditions de vie durant la vie adulte et certains accidents de la vie peuvent faire basculer des personnes âgées plus rapidement que d'autres vers la dépendance, la dénutrition, la fragilité. Simone de Beauvoir écrivait « la sénescence n'est pas une pente que chacun descend à la même vitesse. C'est une volée de marches irrégulières que certains dégringolent plus vite que d'autres ». Le vieillissement a ses surprises et pour un même âge de 90 ans, alors que certains peuvent rivaliser avec les plus jeu…
The odour of human milk: Its chemical variability and detection by newborns
2019
International audience; Human milk odour has for long elicited research interest with regard to its function in breastfeeding initiation. The present review aims to provide an overview of the behavioural effects of human milk odour in the human neonate, considering different types of response measures in a feeding or non-feeding context. Further, an overview of the current knowledge of odorant composition and factors influencing milk odour is provided by summarizing results from analytical studies using olfactometry, and addressing changes in milk odour due to storage, lactational stage, and maternal dietary intake of odorous substances. We finally highlight some issues for future research.