Search results for " Ion"

showing 10 items of 2482 documents

Consumer interest in information regarding novel food technologies in Italy: The case of irradiated foods

2018

Recent food crises and uncertainty regarding food quality have pushed consumers towards a growing need to know more about the foods they purchase, including information related to both food quality and production. This paper identifies the main factors affecting consumer interest in receiving information on food irradiation technology. An online survey was used for research purposes and a total of 392 people, living in Italy, were questioned. Findings revealed that 89.2% of Italian consumers are interested in receiving information on the treatment of foods with ionizing radiation aimed at raising product safety. In particular, this interest was greater for respondents who reported a high se…

AdultMaleNovel technologies Food products Irradiated food Consumer behaviour Probit model Information asymmetry ItalyHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeFood SafetyAdolescent030309 nutrition & dieteticsNovel foodYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyInformation asymmetryNeed to knowRadiation IonizingSurveys and QuestionnairesSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo RuraleFood QualityHumansMisinformationMarketingConsumer behaviourAgedInternet0303 health sciencesbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiology04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesConsumer BehaviorMiddle AgedFood safety040401 food scienceProduct (business)ItalyFoodFood IrradiationFood TechnologyFemalebusinessFood qualityFood Science
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Medical exposure to ionising radiation and the risk of brain tumours: Interphone study group, Germany

2007

Abstract Background The role of exposure to low doses of ionising radiation in the aetiology of brain tumours has yet to be clarified. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between medically or occupationally related exposure to ionising radiation and brain tumours. Methods We used self-reported medical and occupational data collected during the German part of a multinational case–control study on mobile phone use and the risk of brain tumours (Interphone study) for the analyses. Results For any exposure to medical ionising radiation we found odds ratios (ORs) of 0.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.48–0.83), 1.08 (95% CI = 0.80–1.45) and 0.97 (95% CI = 0.54–1.75)…

AdultMaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyNeoplasms Radiation-Inducedaetiologymedicine.medical_treatmentcase-control studyAcoustic neuromaMeningiomaElectromagnetic FieldsGermanyOccupational ExposureRadiation IonizingInternal medicineGliomaEpidemiologyotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumansrisk factorsRisk factorAgedBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industryionising radiationbrain tumoursCase-control studyOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRadiation therapyOncologyCase-Control StudiesFemaleepidemiologybusinessNuclear medicineCell Phone
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Bias in Studies of Parental Self-reported Occupational Exposure and Childhood Cancer

2003

Several case-control studies have demonstrated positive associations between parental occupational exposures and childhood cancer. However, an overestimation of risk estimates due to recall bias is of concern. The magnitude and nature of this bias were explored using data from a German case-control study on childhood leukemia conducted between 1992 and 1997. A moderate overreporting of occupational exposures by fathers was observed, particularly for the prenatal period. Overreporting was most apparent when the time between exposure and interview was short. It was also found that job titles were no satisfactory substitute for information on specific occupational exposures. The results of thi…

AdultMaleParentsmedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsAdolescentLymphomaChildhood leukemiaEpidemiologyPrenatal careRisk AssessmentOccupational medicineBiasPregnancyReference ValuesGermanyNeoplasmsOccupational ExposureRadiation IonizingRecall biasPaintEpidemiologyOdds RatioPrevalencemedicineHumansPesticidesRisk factorChildMedical History TakingExposure assessmentLeukemiabusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseCase-Control StudiesPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsSolventsFemaleRisk assessmentbusinessClinical psychologyAmerican Journal of Epidemiology
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Immunohistochemical profile of human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles.

2010

To analyze the immunohistochemical profile of the human pancreatic pacinian corpuscles in comparison with that of the cutaneous pacinian corpuscles. In addition, we studied a Pacinilike corpuscle found in the adventitia of a pancreatic artery.We used immunohistochemistry to detect specific antigens for corpuscular constituents, specific antibodies for the identification of Adelta- and C-sensory fibers and for the detection of several growth factor receptors, and some members of the degenerin/epithelial Na channel superfamily of proteins.Approximately 62% of pancreatic pacinian corpuscles have 2 to 10 axonic profiles each enclosed by its own inner core: 1 or 2 of these axonic profiles displa…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtySensory Receptor CellsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismNerve Tissue ProteinsEndocrinologyAdventitiaGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinInternal MedicinemedicineHumansReceptor trkBReceptors Growth FactorEpithelial Sodium ChannelsPancreasHepatologybusiness.industryMucin-1AnatomyMiddle AgedImmunohistochemistryAcid Sensing Ion Channelsmedicine.anatomical_structureDegenerin Sodium ChannelsImmunohistochemistryPancreasbusinessPacinian CorpusclesPacinian CorpusclePancreas
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Detection of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in hair: Validation of GC–MS and LC–MS/MS methods and application to a real case

2012

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method were validated for quantifying endogenous and exogenous hair concentrations of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). The GC-MS method is based on overnight extraction of 25 mg hair in NaOH at 56 °C, liquid/liquid extraction in ethylacetate and trimethylsylil derivatization; analysis is by electron ionization and single ion monitoring of three ions. The LC-MS/MS method entails a rapid digestion of 25 mg hair with NaOH at 75 °C for 40 min, liquid/liquid extraction in ethylacetate and reconstitution of the extract in the LC mobile phase; negative ion electrospray ionization and multiple…

AdultMaleQuality ControlSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationSubstance-Related DisordersElectrospray ionizationClinical BiochemistryLiquid-Liquid ExtractionPharmaceutical ScienceAcetatesTandem mass spectrometryMass spectrometryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryForensic ToxicologySettore MED/43 - Medicina LegaleLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometryDrug DiscoveryHumansSodium HydroxideSpectroscopyDetection limitChromatographyChemistryIllicit DrugsSelected reaction monitoringHair Segmental analysis GC–MS LC–MS/MSTemperatureReproducibility of ResultsGamma hydroxybutyrateReference StandardsSubstance Abuse DetectionGamma-hydroxybutyrate GHBCalibrationLinear ModelsCrimeGas chromatography–mass spectrometrySodium OxybateChromatography LiquidHair
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Two-year clinical performance of a packable posterior composite with and without a flowable composite liner

2003

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a packable fine hybrid dental composite (Prodigy Condensable) and the influence of the additional application of a flowable resin composite (Revolution, SDS Kerr) layer on marginal integrity after 2 years in stress-bearing posterior cavities according to the Ryge criteria. In 50 patients (40.5+/-17.5 years of age), 116 class II fillings (metal matrix system, glass ionomer-cement-base in 36%, rubberdam isolation in 70%) were placed, with at least two restorations per patient. The adhesive Optibond Solo Plus was used for all the restorations. In one of the two fillings in each patient, an additional layer of the flowable composi…

AdultMaleSurface PropertiesResin compositemedicine.medical_treatmentColorDentistryDental CariesComposite ResinsFlowable CompositemedicineOverall survivalHumansDental Restoration FailureDental Restoration PermanentGeneral DentistrySurvival rateChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryDental Cavity LiningClinical performanceDental Marginal AdaptationSurvival AnalysisDental Marginal AdaptationResin CementsGlass Ionomer CementsCase-Control StudiesFemaleRecall ratebusinessDental restorationFollow-Up StudiesClinical Oral Investigations
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Acute parathyroid hormone increase by oral peptones administration after roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in obese subjects: Role of phosphate in the…

2010

It is generally considered that changes in serum phosphate levels do not alter parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in the absence of concomitant changes in ionized serum calcium level in humans. An acute rise in PTH was shown after phosphate administration by intraduodenal gavage in rats. We aimed to study gastrin, phosphate, PTH, ionized calcium (iCa), and blood pH responses to oral peptones in morbidly obese patients before and after roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.These parameters were evaluated in response to an oral peptone load in 24 (18 male and 6 female) obese subjects before and 6 months after RYGB surgery. In 12 gastric bypass patients, we also evaluated PTH and phosphate …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyGastric BypassAdministration OralParathyroid hormonechemistry.chemical_elementAluminum HydroxideCalciumgastric bypass phosphate parathyroid hormone ionized calcium peptonesmedicine.disease_causePhosphatesJejunumYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineGastrinsmedicineHumansPostoperative PeriodProspective StudiesGastrinCalcium metabolismGastrointestinal tractGastric bypass surgerybusiness.industryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPhosphateObesity MorbidJejunumEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureIntestinal AbsorptionchemistryParathyroid HormonePeptonesCalciumFemaleSurgerybusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsSurgery
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A Cohort Study of Childhood Cancer Incidence after Postnatal Diagnostic X-Ray Exposure

2009

Ionizing radiation is an established cause of cancer, yet little is known about the health effects of doses from diagnostic examinations in children. The risk of childhood cancer was studied in a cohort of 92.957 children who had been examined with diagnostic X rays in a large German hospital during 1976-2003. Radiation doses were reconstructed using the individual dose area product and other exposure parameters, together with conversion coefficients developed specifically for the medical devices and standards used at the radiology department. Newly diagnosed cancers occurring between 1980 and 2006 were determined through record linkage to the German Childhood Cancer Registry. The median ra…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsNeoplasms Radiation-InducedAdolescentBiophysicsCohort StudiesGermanyNeoplasmsRadiation IonizingEpidemiologymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRegistriesChildChildhood Cancer RegistryRadiationbusiness.industryIncidenceX-RaysIncidence (epidemiology)InfantCancermedicine.diseaseLeukemia2nd malignant neoplasms; ionizing-radiation; computed-tomography; ultrasound exposure; young-children; risk-factors; in-utero; survivors; leukemia; irradiationChild PreschoolMultivariate AnalysisCohortFemalebusinessRecord linkageCohort studyRadiation Research
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Influence of nifedipine on the metabolism of gingival fibroblasts.

1994

Calcium antagonists are the gold standard in the therapy of coronary heart disease and hypertension. The prototype of these drugs is nifedipine which, as well as its therapeutic effects on the cells of the cardiovascular system, also has unpleasant side effects on other organ systems. One side effect can be a missive hyperplasia of the gingiva, the reason for which are unclear. In vitro experiments were designed to elucidate the influence of nifedipine on the growth of human gingival fibroblasts in short and long term (72 hours, 6 weeks) cell culture. The following cellular parameters were determined quantitatively: cell proliferation (cell count, [3H]thymidine incorporation), protein synth…

AdultSide effectNifedipineCell SurvivalCellGingivaPharmacologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNifedipineCyclosporin aLactate dehydrogenasemedicineHumansCells CulturedDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryCell growthDNAHyperplasiaFibroblastsmedicine.diseaseChromatography Ion Exchangemedicine.anatomical_structureCell cultureProtein BiosynthesisProteoglycansCell Divisionmedicine.drugBiological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler
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Radiation risks knowledge in resident and fellow in paediatrics: a questionnaire survey

2015

Background: Analyse through a multi-choice anonymous questionnaire the knowledge's level in paediatric residents and fellows in two different main Italian hospital, looking mainly to the information to patients and relatives related to risks of ionizing radiation used in common radiological investigations in children. Methods: 65 multi choice questionnaires were distributed to paediatric residents and fellows of two different hospitals, an University Hospital (A.O.U.P. "P. Giaccone"- University of Palermo) and a national reference centre for paediatrics (Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù - Rome). The questionnaire included twelve multiple-choice questions with the aim of analyzing the knowle…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticePediatricsEducation and training; Paediatric fellows; Paediatric residents; Radiation protection; Pediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthRadiation IonizingSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineHumansTraining programmeCompetence (human resources)Paediatric residentRadiation protectionPaediatric residentsPaediatric fellowMaternal and child healthbusiness.industryResearchEducation and trainingQuestionnaireInternship and ResidencyUniversity hospitalTest (assessment)Paediatric fellowsRadiation riskFamily medicineRadiological weaponHealth Care SurveysPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthbusinessItalian Journal of Pediatrics
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