Search results for " Lipopolysaccharide"

showing 10 items of 21 documents

The prophenoloxidase system is activated during the tunic inflammatory reaction of Ciona intestinalis

2008

Phenoloxidase (PO) activity was examined in the tunic tissue of Ciona intestinalis following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intratunic injection. Tunic homogenate supernatant (THS), assayed with the Dopa-MBTH reaction, displayed Ca(2+)-independent PO activity that was raised by LPS and further enhanced by proteases. Specific inhibitors (tropolone, phenylthiourea, diethylthiocarbamate) supported the specificity of the reaction. Assay with soybean trypsin inhibitor showed that, in the tunic, PO activation with trypsin was not significantly inhibited suggesting that proteases diverse from serine proteases were involved. In vivo experiments were carried out by injecting isosmotic medium or LPS, and T…

LipopolysaccharidesProteasesHistologyBlotting WesternSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayPathology and Forensic MedicinemedicineAnimalsCiona intestinalisInflammationchemistry.chemical_classificationEnzyme PrecursorsbiologyKunitz STI protease inhibitorprophenoloxidase Ciona intestinalisCell BiologyProphenoloxidasebiology.organism_classificationTrypsinImmunohistochemistryMolecular biologyIn vitroCiona intestinalisUp-RegulationCionaEnzymechemistryPhenoloxidase . Hemocyte . Tunic . Inflammation . Lipopolysaccharide . SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis . Ciona intestinalisElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelCatechol Oxidasemedicine.drugCell and Tissue Research
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Quaking and miR-155 interactions in inflammation and leukemogenesis.

2015

Quaking (QKI) is a tumor-suppressor gene encoding a conserved RNA-binding protein, whose expression is downregulated in several solid tumors. Here we report that QKI plays an important role in the immune response and suppression of leukemogenesis. We show that the expression of Qki is reduced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged macrophages, suggesting that Qki is a key regulator of LPS signaling pathway. Furthermore, LPS-induced downregulation of Qki expression is miR-155-dependent. Qki overexpression impairs LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK and particularly p38 MAPKs, in addition to increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In contrast, Qki ablation decreases Fas …

LipopolysaccharidesTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentmedicine.disease_causeTransgenicMiceInnatePhosphorylationChronicB-LymphocytesLeukemiaRNA-Binding ProteinsU937 CellsLymphocyticCell biologyCytokineOncologyPhosphorylationCytokinesCLL; Glioblastoma; Inflammation; MiR-155; QKI; Animals; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; B-Lymphocytes; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Humans; Immunity Innate; Inflammation; Leukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-Cell; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mice Transgenic; MicroRNAs; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; RAW 264.7 Cells; RNA-Binding Proteins; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; Transfection; U937 Cells; OncologySignal transductionMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesSignal Transductionp38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesOncology and CarcinogenesisMice TransgenicTransfectionNOmiR-155miR-155Downregulation and upregulationmicroRNAmedicineAnimalsHumansInflammationQKIbusiness.industryMacrophagesB-CellImmunityglioblastomaLeukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-CellImmunity InnateMicroRNAsRAW 264.7 CellsCase-Control StudiesImmunologyCarcinogenesisbusinessApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCLLPriority Research Paper
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Identification and characterization of a novel Ets-2-related nuclear complex implicated in the activation of the human interleukin-12 p40 gene promot…

1997

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells in response to many microbial infections. IL-12 plays an important role in the generation of T helper type-1 cells, which favor cell-mediated immune response. IL-12 is composed of two different subunits, p40 and p35, whose expression can be regulated concomitantly or differentially. Monocytic cells, the major producers of IL-12, can be primed by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to produce optimal amounts of IL-12 in response to LPS stimulation as a consequence of bacterial infection. The priming effect is exerted primarily at the transcriptional level on the p40 promoter in conjunction with the effects of …

LipopolysaccharidesTranscription GeneticSequence HomologyStimulationbiosynthesis/geneticsBiochemistryChromatography Affinitychemistry.chemical_compoundMiceAnimals Base Sequence Cell Line Cell Nucleus; metabolism Chromatography; Affinity DNA-Binding Proteins Humans Interferon-gamma; pharmacology Interleukin-12; biosynthesis/genetics Kinetics Lipopolysaccharides; pharmacology Mice Molecular Sequence Data Nuclear Proteins; isolation /&/ purification/metabolism Promoter Regions; Genetic Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; metabolism Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2 Proto-Oncogene Proteins; isolation /&/ purification/metabolism Repressor Proteins Sequence Homology; Nucleic Acid Trans-Activators; isolation /&/ purification/metabolism Transcription Factors Transcription; Genetic; drug effectsPromoter Regions GeneticChromatographyNuclear ProteinsMethylationProtein-Tyrosine KinasesInterleukin-12DNA-Binding ProteinsTranscriptionMolecular Sequence DataBiologyProinflammatory cytokineCell LineProto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2Promoter RegionsInterferon-gammaGeneticSequence Homology Nucleic AcidProto-Oncogene ProteinsAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyTranscription factorCell NucleusMolecular massBase SequenceNucleic Acidisolation /&/ purification/metabolismPromoterCell BiologyMolecular biologyIn vitroRepressor ProteinsKineticschemistryAffinitydrug effectsTrans-ActivatorspharmacologymetabolismDNATranscription Factors
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Involvement of complement pathways in patients with bacterial septicemia.

2007

The complement system is a major humoral portion of the innate immune system, playing a significant role in host defence against microorganisms. The biological importance of this system is underlined by the fact that at least three different pathways for its activation exist, the classical, the MBL and the alternative pathway. To elucidate the involvement of the classical and/or the MBL pathway during bacterial septicemia, 32 patients with gram-positive and 30 patients with gram-negative bacterial infections were investigated. In patients with gram-positive bacteria, a significant consumption of C1q (p=0.005) but not of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) (p=0.2) was found during the acute phase o…

MESH: Complement Pathway Mannose-Binding LectinLipopolysaccharidesSalmonellaMESH: Complement C1qLipopolysaccharideImmunologychemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBacteremiamedicine.disease_causeGram-Positive BacteriaMannose-Binding LectinMicrobiologyMESH: Gram-Positive Bacteria03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundClassical complement pathway0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyComplement Pathway ClassicalMESH: BacteremiaMolecular Biology030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesInnate immune systemMESH: HumansbiologyComplement C1qLectinSalmonella entericaComplement Pathway Mannose-Binding LectinMESH: Complement Pathway Classicalbiology.organism_classificationbacterial infections and mycoses3. Good healthComplement systemMESH: Mannose-Binding LectinchemistryMESH: Salmonella entericaImmunologyAlternative complement pathwaybiology.proteinMESH: LipopolysaccharidesBacteria030215 immunologyMolecular immunology
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SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives

2021

Graphical abstract

MaleAgingssRNA single-stranded RNARFLP restriction fragment length polymorphismHSPs heat shock proteinsReviewPTMs post-translational modificationsSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeBiochemistryHIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus-1TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-αEC endothelial cells0302 clinical medicineFluAV influenza A virusI insertionMedicineIFN-γ interferon-γDIC disseminated intravascular coagulationPCR Polymerase Chain Reactionmedia_commonAged 80 and overLongevityRBD receptor-binding domainNeurologyLongevity modelMI myocardial infarctionNK natural killerhPIV2 human parainfluenza virus type 2media_common.quotation_subjectResearching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targetsLongevityDBP diastolic blood pressureNF-Kb nuclear transcription factor kBRANTES regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secretedMphi human macrophages03 medical and health sciencesCox 2 cyclooxygenase 2ORF open reading framePT prothrombin timeSettore MED/05 - Patologia ClinicaHumansMolecular BiologyInflammatory genesARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeNO nitric oxideD deletionCpGIs CpG islandsT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusmedicine.diseaseFDP fibrin degradation products030104 developmental biologySARS CoV2 severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 virusImmunologyBMI body max indexItalian nonagenarians/centenariansRSV respiratory syncytial virusComplication030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseIP-10 IFN-γ -Inducible Protein 1040301 basic medicineAT1R activity of angiotensin 1 receptorsDCs dentritic cellsSSCP single strand conformation polymorphismACE/DD polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzymeFGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21TLR4 toll-like receptor 4NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideACE angiotensin-I converting enzymeAT2R activity of angiotensin 2 receptorsCOVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory distressACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme 2MKP-1 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 ()PD protease domainSNP single nucleotide polymorphismEH essential hypertensionTNFR tumor necrosis factor receptorINR international normalized ratio of the prothrombin timePAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Ang angiotensinLPS lipopolysaccharideMCP1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1medicine.symptomaPTT partial thromboplastin timeBiotechnologyDUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PC prostate cancerRAS renin-angiotensin aldosterone systemCCR5Δ32 genetic variant of chemokine receptorCOVID-19 Researching genetic basis of resistance and potential pharmacological targets Italian nonagenarians/centenarians Longevity modelAsymptomaticSARS-1 severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 1SIRT-1 Sirtuin 1Th1 t-helper lymphocyte type 1Immune systemROS reactive oxygen speciesTGF-β transforming growth factor betaET-1 endothelin-1ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSADAM-17 metallopeptidase domain 17business.industrySARS-CoV-2SBP systolic blood pressureCOVID-19HDACs histone deacetylasesComorbidityImmune Systembusiness5-LO lipoxygenase 5Ageing Research Reviews
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The Shwartzman reaction repealed

2007

The article, “ -Galactosylceramide induces protection against lipopolysaccharide-induced shock” (doi:10.1189/jlb.0506298), was selected as a Pivotal Advance because the results suggest that -galactosylceramide ( GalCer), a glycolipid isolated from marine sponges, can protect against the complete morbidity and mortality characterisitic of endotoxin shock by inducing NKT cells to produce TH2 cytokines.

Marine sponges1 o (alpha galactopyranosyl) 2 hexacosanoylamino 134 octadecanetriol alpha galactosylceramide lipopolysaccharideImmunologyCell BiologyTh2 cytokinesBiologyNatural killer T cellMicrobiologyEndotoxin shockGlycolipidShock (circulatory)medicineImmunology and Allergylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptom
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Traditional Chinese herbal medicine at the forefront battle against COVID-19: Clinical experience and scientific basis.

2020

Abstract Background Throughout the 5000-year history of China, more than 300 epidemics were recorded. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) has been used effectively to combat each of these epidemics’ infections, and saved many lives. To date, there are hundreds of herbal TCM formulae developed for the purpose of prevention and treatment during epidemic infections. When COVID-19 ravaged the Wuhan district in China in early January 2020, without a deep understanding about the nature of COVID-19, patients admitted to the TCM Hospital in Wuhan were immediately treated with TCM and reported later with >90% efficacy. Approach We conducted conduct a systematic survey of various TCM herbal pre…

PTGS2 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2BattleAIV avian influenza virusCoV coronavirusPharmaceutical ScienceiNOS nitric oxide synthaseViral infection0302 clinical medicinePA patchouli alcoholSARS Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeSMD Sheganmahuang decoctionDrug DiscoveryPandemicIL InterleukinMedicine Chinese TraditionalALI acute lung injuriesmedia_commonCOVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019MXSG Ma xing shi gan decoction0303 health sciencesTNF tumor necrosis factorClinical Trials as TopicCCL2 CC chemokine ligand 2FM1 FM1 coronavirusICU intensive care unitc-AMP cyclic adenosine phosphateHIV human immunodeficiency virus030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCOX-2 cyclooxygenase-2Molecular MedicineHerbal preparationsMedicinal herbsAbbreviations: ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme IITCM traditional Chinese medicineHSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1CASP3 caspase 3medicine.medical_specialtyChinaCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Systematic surveymedia_common.quotation_subjectJEV Japanese encephalitis virusNF-κB nuclear factor kappa B cellsAntiviral AgentsArticleWHO World Health Organization03 medical and health sciencesIEC-6 rat intestinal epithelial cell line 6SOD superoxide dismutaseCDC Center for Disease Control and PreventionmedicineAVP arginine vasopressinPGE2 prostaglandin E2HumansIntensive care medicineLH Lianhuaqingwen capsule030304 developmental biologyPharmacologyMedicinal herbMDA malondialdehydeGCGJ Gancao ganjiang decoctionNO nitric oxidePlants Medicinalbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19CXCL C-X-C- motif chemokineMDCK Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cellsTLR-4 Toll-like receptor-4COVID-19 Drug TreatmentComplementary and alternative medicineViral infectionLPS lipopolysaccharidesRSV respiratory syncytial virusQFPD Qingfeipaidu decoctionbusinessLung congestionECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinasePhytotherapyDrugs Chinese HerbalPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Argan oil prevents down-regulation induced by endotoxin on liver fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis and on peroxisome proliferator-activated re…

2015

In patients with sepsis, liver metabolism and its capacity to provide other organs with energetic substrates are impaired. This and many other pathophysiological changes seen in human patients are reproduced in mice injected with purified endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). In the present study, down-regulation of genes involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation (FAOx) and gluconeogenesis in mice exposed to LPS was challenged by nutritional intervention with Argan oil. Mice given a standard chow supplemented or not with either 6% (w/w) Argan oil (AO) or 6% (w/w) olive oil (OO) prior to exposure to LPS were explored for liver gene expressions assessed by mRNA transcript levels and/or enzyme a…

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammamedicine.medical_specialtyOO olive oilResearch paper[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorBiologyBiochemistryNuclear receptor 30lcsh:BiochemistryEstrogen-related receptorEstrogen-related receptor alphaInternal medicineACADS acyl CoA dehydrogenase short-chainACADL acyl CoA dehydrogenase long-chainmedicinePGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1αlcsh:QD415-436ReceptorBeta oxidationHNF-4α hepatic nuclear factor-4αchemistry.chemical_classificationACADM acyl CoA dehydrogenase medium-chainPPARα peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor αERRα estrogen related receptor α[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]PEPCK phospoenolpyruvate carboxykinaseGluconeogenesisBeta-oxidationGlut4 glucose transporter 4[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]G6PH glucose-6-phosphataseEndocrinologyGlut2 glucose transporter 2chemistryNuclear receptorArgan oilAO Argan oilNuclear receptorACOX1 acyl-CoA oxidase 1CoactivatorLPS lipopolysaccharidePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
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Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver

2018

p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…

ROS Reactive oxygen species;RSK1 Ribosomal S6 kinase10301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayAgingHPLC High-performance liquid chromatographyAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentTBP TATA-binding proteinClinical BiochemistryDEN Diethyl nitrosamine;MKP-1 MAPK phosphatase-1IκB kinaseGCLc Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunitp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesG6PDH Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseBiochemistryAntioxidantsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxide Dismutase-1Akt Protein kinase B0302 clinical medicineNrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2IL InterleukinSOD1 Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutaselcsh:QH301-705.5Mice KnockoutMK2 MAP-activated protein kinase 2;PGC-1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alphachemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:R5-920Trx ThioredoxinGlutathione DisulfideTNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-alphabiologyLPS Lipopolysaccharide;GSSG Oxidized glutathione;MEF Mouse embryonic fibroblastsNF-kappa BGstm1 Glutathione S-transferase mu 1CatalaseEndoplasmic Reticulum StressGlutathioneLiverGSH Reduced glutathione;Catalase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaselcsh:Medicine (General)Research Papermedicine.medical_specialtyNF-E2-Related Factor 2Glutamate-Cysteine LigaseMKK MAPK kinaseAP-1 Activator protein-1IKK IƙB KinaseGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineGlutamate cysteine ligaseEGFR Epidermal growth factor receptormedicineAnimalsNuclear factor ƙBAnd catalaseChIP Chromatin immunoprecipitation;Protein kinase BNF-ƙB Nuclear factor kappa BSuperoxide DismutaseSuperoxide dismutase 1Superoxide dismutase 2Organic ChemistryGlutathioneASK1 Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1ATF2 activating transcription factor 2;030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyEnzymeHsp Heat shock proteinlcsh:Biology (General)chemistrybiology.proteinSOD2 Mn-superoxide dismutaseMAPK mitogen activated protein kinaseNEM N-ethyl maleimide;Redox Biology
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The conservation and diversity of ascidian cells and molecules involved in the inflammatory reaction: The Ciona robusta model

2021

Ascidians are marine invertebrate chordates belonging to the earliest branch (Tunicata) in the chordate phylum, therefore, they are of interest for studying the evolution of immune systems. Due to the known genome, the non-colonial Ciona robusta, previously considered to be C. intestinalis type A, is a model species for the study of inflammatory response. The internal defense of ascidians mainly relies on hemocytes circulating in the hemolymph and pharynx. Hemocytes can be in vivo challenged by LPS injection and various granulocyte and vacuolated cell populations differentiated to produce and release inflammatory factors. Molecular biology and gene expression studies revealed complex defens…

Regulation of gene expressionLipopolysaccharidesHemocytesAntimicrobial peptidesSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaCollectinAscidians Ciona robusta Gene expression Immunocytes In situ hybridization Inflammation Animals Antimicrobial Peptides Hemocytes Lipopolysaccharides Phylogeny Ciona intestinalisChordateGeneral MedicineAquatic ScienceBiologybiology.organism_classificationCell biologyCiona intestinalisAscidians Ciona robusta; Inflammation; Immunocytes; In situ hybridization; Gene ExpressionHemolymphEnvironmental ChemistryGene familyAnimalsGeneAntimicrobial PeptidesPhylogenyGalectin
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