Search results for " Mathematics"

showing 10 items of 10797 documents

Error in Intensive Care

2014

Objective To identify the psychological repercussions of an error on professionals in intensive care and to understand their evolution. To identify the psychological defense mechanisms used by professionals to cope with error. Design Qualitative study with clinical interviews. We transcribed recordings and analysed the data using an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Setting Two ICUs in the teaching hospitals of Besancon and Dijon (France). Subjects Fourteen professionals in intensive care (20 physicians and 20 nurses). Interventions None. Measurements and main results We conducted 40 individual semistructured interviews. The participants were invited to speak about the experience of…

AdultMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyCritical CarePsychometricsAttitude of Health PersonnelHealth Personnelmedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationPsychological interventionShameShameAngerCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine01 natural sciencesInterviews as Topic03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIntensive careAdaptation PsychologicalHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsHospitals TeachingQualitative ResearchDefense Mechanismsmedia_commonPatient Care TeamMedical ErrorsInterpretative phenomenological analysisbusiness.industry010102 general mathematicsMiddle Aged3. Good healthIntensive Care UnitsFeelingRuminationGuiltFemaleClinical CompetenceFrancemedicine.symptombusinessClinical psychologyQualitative researchCritical Care Medicine
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Statistical analysis of life history calendar data

2016

The life history calendar is a data-collection tool for obtaining reliable retrospective data about life events. To illustrate the analysis of such data, we compare the model-based probabilistic event history analysis and the model-free data mining method, sequence analysis. In event history analysis, we estimate instead of transition hazards the cumulative prediction probabilities of life events in the entire trajectory. In sequence analysis, we compare several dissimilarity metrics and contrast data-driven and user-defined substitution costs. As an example, we study young adults' transition to adulthood as a sequence of events in three life domains. The events define the multistate event…

AdultMaleStatistics and ProbabilityAdolescentEpidemiologyComputer sciencedistance-based dataDisease clustercomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesLife Change EventsYoung Adult010104 statistics & probability0504 sociologyHealth Information Managementprediction probabilityStatisticsData MiningHumansLongitudinal StudiesProspective Studieslife history calendar multidimensional sequence analysis0101 mathematicsFinlandSurvival analysisProbabilityRetrospective StudiesSequence (medicine)Complement (set theory)ta112DepressionData Collection05 social sciencesProbabilistic logic050401 social sciences methodsContrast (statistics)multistate modelMiddle ageLife course approachFemaleData mininglife history calendarlife course analysiscomputermultidimensional sequence analysisStatistical Methods in Medical Research
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Methodological Aspects of the Application of the Naka-Rushton Equation to Clinical Electroretinogram

1993

The nonlinear relation between stimulus intensity and response amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG) scotopic b wave can be described by a curve based on the Naka-Rushton (NR) equation. Up to now, the NR equation has been used to assess the features of the normal and pathological ERG, but the best approach for a correct evaluation of the parameters is still debatable. The parameters are thought to be related to the different conditions of retinal activities. The method is well known in experimental laboratories but is quite unusual at the clinical level. In the present paper the derivative analysis of the NR function is proposed as an easier approach to understand the variations of the N…

AdultMaleX ChromosomeAdolescentLightElectrodiagnosisGenetic LinkageVisual AcuityDark AdaptationCataractRetinaCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceExperimental LaboratoriesOpticsRetinal DiseasesElectroretinographymedicineHumansResponse AmplitudeApplied mathematicsScotopic visionChildAgedMathematicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDerivative analysisGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedSensory SystemsOphthalmologyFemalebusinessRetinitis PigmentosaElectroretinographyOphthalmic Research
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Perceiving numbers alters time perception.

2008

The representation of time, space and numbers are strictly linked in the primate's cognitive system. Here we show that merely looking at number symbols biases a temporal judgment on their duration depending upon the number's magnitude. In a first experiment, a group of healthy subjects was submitted to a time estimation task, requiring to judge whether the duration of a test stimulus was longer or shorter than that of a previous reference fixed stimulus (digit 5; duration 300 ms). Test stimuli were the digits 1, 5 and 9 ranging between 250 and 350 ms. The main results showed that temporal perception was biased according to the magnitude expressed by the digit: low digits (i.e. 1) leading to…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive systemsTime Factorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectAudiologyStimulus (physiology)Developmental psychologyNOTime estimationPerceptionmedicineHumansmedia_commonAnalysis of VarianceGeneral NeuroscienceHealthy subjectsTime perception numbers magnitudeTime perceptionPhotic Stimulation; Analysis of Variance; Humans; Adult; Time Perception; Time Factors; Male; Female; MathematicsNumerical digitTime PerceptionMagnitude Numbers Time perception Adult Analysis of Variance Female Humans Male Photic Stimulation Time Factors Time Perception Mathematics Neuroscience (all)Settore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleAlphabetPsychologyMathematicsPhotic StimulationNeuroscience letters
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Survival and tissue maintenance of an implant with a sloped configurated shoulder in the posterior mandible-a prospective multicenter study.

2016

Aim Clinical studies evaluating the influence of the implant design on the preservation of peri-implant keratinized mucosa are rare. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to investigate the survival, and soft and hard tissue maintenance of an implant with a sloped shoulder configuration, when placed in the posterior mandible. Material and Methods In this study, 24 centers participated and 184 patients receiving 238 implants (OsseoSpeed™ Profile TX implants) were included. Clinical assessments of soft tissue parameters were performed before implant placement, immediately after implant placement, at prosthetic delivery and at 6, 12 and 24 months after implant placement and margina…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyDentistryMandible01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineAlveolar ProcessHumansProspective Studies0101 mathematicsProspective cohort studySurvival rateSurvival analysisAgedAged 80 and overDental Implantsbusiness.industryAlveolar processMandibleMouth MucosaSoft tissue030206 dentistryMiddle AgedSurvival AnalysisSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureMulticenter studyDental Prosthesis DesignTooth ExtractionKeratinsFemaleImplantOral SurgerybusinessClinical oral implants research
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Association Between Physical Activity and Odds of Chronic Conditions Among Workers in Spain

2020

Introduction:\ud \ud Prevention of chronic conditions is a major public health challenge, and achieving minimum recommended levels of physical activity aids in reaching this objective. The aim of our study was to investigate whether levels of physical activity were associated with the prevalence of common chronic conditions among the Spanish workforce.\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud We retrieved data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (N = 9,695) in which the mean age of participants was 44.4 (standard deviation, 10.4 y), and 47.4% were women. Workers self-reported a set of 6 chronic conditions (ie, chronic low-back pain, chronic neck pain, diabetes, hypertension, depression, and anxiety)…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHealth StatusLogistic regression01 natural sciencesOddsBody Mass Index03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineOdds RatioPrevalenceHumans030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsExerciseDepression (differential diagnoses)Original Researchbusiness.industryHealth PolicyPublic health010102 general mathematicsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHealth SurveysCross-Sectional StudiesSpainChronic DiseaseAnxietyFemalemedicine.symptombusinessBody mass indexDemography
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Effect of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine on Incidence of Herpes Zoster After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019

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AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHerpes Zoster Vaccinemedicine.medical_treatmentvirusesVaccines Synthetic/administration & dosageHematopoietic stem cell transplantationPlaceboInjections IntramuscularTransplantation Autologous01 natural sciencesHerpes Zoster Vaccine/administration & dosage03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAutologous stem-cell transplantationAdjuvants ImmunologicInternal medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesmedicineHumansSingle-Blind Method030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsAdverse effectHospitalization/statistics & numerical dataProportional Hazards ModelsImmunocompromised hostintegumentary systembusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)010102 general mathematicsvirus diseasesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedNeuralgia Postherpetic/prevention & controlTransplantationsurgical procedures operativeHerpes Zoster/epidemiologyhematopoietic stem cell transplantationoncologyincidenceFemaleZoster vaccinebusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drug
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The role of lifestyle behaviour on the risk of hypertension in the SUN cohort: The hypertension preventive score

2019

Lifestyles may influence the risk of hypertension. Our objective was to assess the association between a healthy-lifestyle score and the incidence of hypertension. The SUN Project is a dynamic, prospective cohort of Spanish university graduates (1999-2014). Among 14,057 participants initially free of hypertension, we assessed the influence of lifestyle-related factors based on a 10-item score that we previously reported to be associated with lower risk of major cardiovascular events. However, we focused on factors related to hypertension risk according to previous scientific evidence and international clinical guidelines and constructed a 6-item score including: no smoking, moderate-to-high…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMediterranean dietEpidemiologyHealth BehaviorBinge drinkingDiet MediterraneanLower risk01 natural sciencesBody Mass IndexCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesSex Factors0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesInternal medicinePrevalenceHumansMedicineHealthy LifestyleProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsProspective cohort studyExerciseProportional Hazards Modelsbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelIncidence (epidemiology)Smoking010102 general mathematicsAge FactorsRolePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMiddle AgedCardiovascular DiseasesSpainHypertensionMultivariate AnalysisCohortLinear ModelsFemalebusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorBody mass indexPreventive Medicine
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Trends in Incidence and Transmission Patterns of COVID-19 in Valencia, Spain

2021

Importance Limited information on the transmission and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 at the city scale is available. Objective To describe the local spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Valencia, Spain. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-center epidemiological cohort study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 was performed at University General Hospital in Valencia (population in the hospital catchment area, 364 000), a tertiary hospital. The study included all consecutive patients with COVID-19 isolated at home from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on February 19 until August 31, 2020. Exposures Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by the presence of IgM antibodies or a positive polymerase chain reacti…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulation01 natural sciencesDisease Outbreakslaw.inventionCohort Studies010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCatchment Area HealthResidence CharacteristicsRisk FactorslawEpidemiologyDisease Transmission InfectiousmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicseducationOriginal InvestigationAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyGeographySARS-CoV-2ResearchIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)COVID-19OutbreakGeneral MedicineMiddle Aged3. Good healthOnline OnlyTransmission (mechanics)GeographySpainRelative riskHousehold incomeFemalePublic HealthDemographyCohort studyJAMA Network Open
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Time and feasibility of prevention in primary care

2016

BACKGROUND Prevention is an essential task in primary care. According to primary care physicians (PCPs),lack of time is one of the principal obstacles to its performance. OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of prevention in terms of time by estimating the time necessary to perform all of the preventive care recommended, separately from the PCPs and patient's perspectives, and to compare them to the amount of time available. METHODS A review of the literature identified the prevention procedures recommended in France, the duration of each procedure and its recommended frequency, as well as PCPs' consultation time. A hypothetical patient panel size of 1000 patients, representative of the Fren…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentPopulationPrimary health careWorkloadPrimary care01 natural sciencesPreventive careYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePreventive Health ServicesHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsDuration (project management)educationAgededucation.field_of_studyPrimary Health Carebusiness.industry010102 general mathematicsTime ratioMiddle AgedGeneral practiceEmergency medicineFeasibility StudiesFemaleFranceFamily PracticebusinessFamily Practice
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