Search results for " Measurement"

showing 10 items of 2341 documents

Erythrocytes labeled with [18F]SFB as an alternative to radioactive CO for quantification of blood volume with PET

2013

Inhaled radioactive CO is currently the tracer of choice for blood volume quantification by positron emission tomography (PET). This measurement is of great interest for several clinical and research applications. However, owing to the short half-life of the radiolabeled CO, it can only be used in centers equipped with a cyclotron. In the present work, we propose an alternative method to label the red blood cells with [(18) F] in order to obtain blood volume measurements by PET. The use of the radioactive synthon [(18) F] N-succinimidyl 4-[(18) F]fluorobenzoate ([(18) F]SFB) was evaluated for erythrocyte labeling and PET blood volume imaging. The images provided by [(18) F]SFB labeled eryth…

Alternative methodsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryChemistryRadiochemistryBlood volumeSprague dawleyPositronPositron emission tomographyIn vivoBlood volume measurementmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNuclear medicinebusinessContrast Media & Molecular Imaging
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Determination of nitrite by inhibition of the chemiluminescence of acriflavine in a flow-injection assembly

2001

The indirect determination of nitrite was performed with a flow-injection assembly on the basis of the inhibition of the analytical output obtained in a luminometer by oxidation of acriflavine. The acriflavine solution merged with the nitrite and the resulting mixture was injected into a pure water stream. This solution merged with the oxidant solution (potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid medium) and the resulting chemiluminiscence was affected (inhibited) by the presence of nitrite after reaction with the aminoacridine. The method was applicable over the range 10–800 μg l−1 of nitrite with a correlation coefficient of 0.9960. The relative standard deviation was 1.4% and the throughput …

AminoacridineChromatographyInorganic chemistrySulfuric acidAmberliteBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundPotassium permanganatechemistrylawFlow Injection AnalysisLuminescent MeasurementsElectrochemistryEnvironmental ChemistryAcriflavineEnvironmental PollutantsAcriflavineNitriteQuantitative analysis (chemistry)NitritesSpectroscopyChemiluminescenceThe Analyst
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A qualitative examination of performance and energy yield of photovoltaic modules in southern Norway

2010

Three different, commercially available photovoltaic modules have been monitored outdoors in the town of Grimstad, Norway. The present paper describes the experimental setup that was implemented, in particular details of the low-cost electronic loads. Results compare measured performance with manufacturer's data, and temperature measurements enable a comparison with performance at standard test condition temperature. Overall, the monocrystalline module performed best both regarding maximum efficiency and overall energy production, whereas the module based on triple junction amorphous silicon technology had the worst performance considering these criteria. The gross numbers of energy yield c…

Amorphous siliconEngineeringRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemElectrical engineeringSolar energyTemperature measurementAutomotive engineeringMonocrystalline siliconMaximum efficiencychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPerformance ratiobusinessEnergy (signal processing)Renewable Energy
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Comparison between textured SnO2:F and Mo contacts with the p-type layer in p–i–n hydrogenate amorphous silicon solar cells by forward bias impedance…

2013

Abstract In this paper we compare the performance of the textured SnO2:F and Mo contacts with the p-type layer in p–i–n hydrogenate amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. We use standard current–voltage (I–V) electrical characterization methods coupled with forward bias small signal impedance analysis. We show the efficacy of this technique to determine the effective carrier lifetime in photovoltaic cells. We show that such effective lifetimes are indeed directly connected to the respective dark diode saturation currents. We also find that the effective lifetime is constant with the temperature in the 0–70 °C range and it is significantly better for the solar cell with Mo diode contact. Th…

Amorphous siliconMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentOpen-circuit voltagebusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemImpedance measurementCarrier lifetimelaw.inventionEffective carrier lifetimea-Si:H p–i–n solar cellchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawSolar cellOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencebusinessElectrical impedanceSaturation (magnetic)DiodeSolar Energy
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Development of a test station for accurate in situ I-V curve measurements of photovoltaic modules in Southern Norway

2011

The development of an outdoor test station for accurate in situ I-V curve measurements of photovoltaic (PV) modules is described. The modules are installed in an open-rack configuration at the University of Agder in Southern Norway. Seven new and three aged PV modules of different type and make are being tested, including mono-and multicrystalline silicon from differing manufacturing routes, triple-junction amorphous silicon, and CIS. Data acquisition is controlled with a multichannel electronic load system and LabVIEW software, recording high-resolution I-V curves at one-minute intervals. Between I-V curve sweeps, each module is operated at the maximum power point. Characteristic electrica…

Amorphous siliconSiliconMaximum power principleVirtual instrumentationbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemElectrical engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementSolar irradianceTemperature measurementchemistry.chemical_compoundData acquisitionchemistryEnvironmental sciencebusiness2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
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Influence of the electro-optical properties of an a-Si:H single layer on the performances of a pin solar cell

2012

We analyze the results of an extensive characterization study involving electrical and optical measurements carried out on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (α-Si:H) thin film materials fabricated under a wide range of deposition conditions. By adjusting the synthesis parameters, we evidenced how conductivity, activation energy, electrical transport and optical absorption of an α-Si:H layer can be modified and optimized. We analyzed the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the dark conductivity by varying the dopant-to-silane gas flow ratio. Optical measurements allowed to extract the absorption spectra and the optical bandgap. Additionally, we report on the temperature dependen…

Amorphous siliconThin film materialThin film solar cell Activation energySingle junctionConductivitySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundElectric conductivitylawMaterials ChemistryThin filmAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Preexponential factorGas-flow ratioMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTemperature dependenceHydrogenated amorphous siliconOptoelectronicsElectric propertieQuantum efficiencyHydrogenationOptical data processingDeposition conditionSiliconMaterials scienceActivation energyQuantum efficiencySynthesis conditionVapor deposition SiliconOpticsSolar cellActivation energyDark conductivityCharacterization studieElectromagnetic wave absorptionThin filmDepositionElectrooptical propertieThin film solar cellConductivitybusiness.industryEnergy conversion efficiencySolar cellAmorphous siliconMeyer-Neldel ruleOptical propertieOptical measurementelectro-optical propertiesNanostructured materialSilicon; Solar cell; electro-optical propertiesElectrical transportchemistrySynthesis parameterOptical variables measurementSingle layerConversion efficiencybusinessOptical gap
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Determination of the herbicide benfuresate by its photo-induced chemiluminescence using flow multicommutation methodology.

2007

The present paper deals with an analytical strategy based on coupling photo-induced chemiluminescence in a multicommutation continuous-flow methodology for the determination of the herbicide benfuresate. The solenoid valve inserted as small segments of the analyte solution was sequentially alternated with segments of the NaOH solution for adjusting the medium for the photodegradation. Both flow rates (sample and medium) were adjusted to required time for photodegradation, 90 s; and then, the resulting solution was also sequentially inserted as segments alternated with segments of the oxidizing solution system, hexacyanoferrate (III) in alkaline medium. The calibration range from 1 microg L(…

AnalyteCorrelation coefficientAnalytical chemistryFresh WaterAlkaliesAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionlawOxidizing agentWater Pollution ChemicalHumansPhotodegradationChemiluminescenceBenzofuransDetection limitReproducibilityChromatographyPhotolysisMolecular StructureChemistryHerbicidesVolumetric flow rateFlow Injection AnalysisLuminescent MeasurementsMineral WatersSulfonic AcidsAcidsTalanta
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Prediction of the chemiluminescent behavior of pharmaceuticals and pesticides.

2001

The present paper deals with the first attempt to apply molecular connectivity calculations to predict a chemical property with analytical usefulness: the chemiluminescent behavior of substances when reacted with common oxidants in a liquid phase. Preliminary evidence when searching for new direct CL methods consisted of the examination of analyte reaction with a wide range of oxidants and media. This task, which results in time-consuming and trial-and-error expensive procedures, is necessary due to ensure empirical or theoretical rules for CL prediction are available. On the other hand, in quantitative structure-activity relationship studies, molecular connectivity is a topological method …

AnalyteSeries (mathematics)StereochemistryChemistryLinear discriminant analysisAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionRange (mathematics)Pharmaceutical PreparationslawBiological propertyLuminescent MeasurementsMoleculeIndicators and ReagentsPesticidesBiological systemChemical propertyAlgorithmsChemiluminescenceAnalytical chemistry
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Probing mechanical quantum coherence with an ultracold-atom meter

2011

We propose a scheme to probe quantum coherence in the state of a nano-cantilever based on its magnetic coupling (mediated by a magnetic tip) with a spinor Bose Einstein condensate (BEC). By mapping the BEC into a rotor, its coupling with the cantilever results in a gyroscopic motion whose properties depend on the state of the cantilever: the dynamics of one of the components of the rotor angular momentum turns out to be strictly related to the presence of quantum coherence in the state of the cantilever. We also suggest a detection scheme relying on Faraday rotation, which produces only a very small back-action on the BEC and it is thus suitable for a continuous detection of the cantilever'…

Angular momentumCantileverRadiation-pressureResonatorNanocantileverFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionSpinlawUltracold atomQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMicromirrorOptical cavity010306 general physicsQuantumCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum PhysicsBose-Einstein condensateCondensed Matter::OtherCavity quantum electrodynamicsBose Einstein Condensate Atomic physics quantum measurementOptomechanicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science::OtherDynamicsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesStateBose–Einstein condensateCoherence (physics)Physical Review A
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A highly enantioselective abiotic receptor for malate dianion in aqueous solution

2006

The highly enantioselective molecular recognition of the malate dianion by a synthetic receptor in aqueous solution has been studied by potentiometric titrations, mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), diffusion measurements (PGSE NMR) and molecular modeling. Garcia-España Monsonis, Enrique, Enrique.Garcia-Es@uv.es

AnionsModels MolecularMalate dianionSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular modelUNESCO::QUÍMICADiffusionPotentiometric titrationMalatesMolecular modelingAbiotic receptorMass spectrometry:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]CatalysisSubstrate SpecificityMolecular recognitionComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryAqueous solutionReceptorAbiotic componentEnantioselectiveAqueous solutionMolecular StructureChemistrySpectrometryMeasurementsMetals and AlloysEnantioselective synthesisWaterHydrogen BondingStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química macromolecularCombinatorial chemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolutionsCeramics and CompositesPotentiometryEnantioselective ; Abiotic receptor ; Malate dianion ; Aqueous solution ; Spectrometry ; Measurements ; Molecular modeling:QUÍMICA::Química macromolecular [UNESCO]
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