Search results for " Methods"
showing 10 items of 4102 documents
Compétences de l'expert qui évalue l'éducation
2006
06048; L'article est fondé sur une expérience pratique en matière d'évaluation des politiques d'éducation, sur une expérience de gestion des systèmes d'éducation et sur une expérience de chercheur en genèse des politiques d'éducation. Tout à la fois théorique et opérationnel, le propos vise finalement à se questionner sur ce qui peut caractériser une bonne pratique d'évaluation des politiques d'éducation et à identifier quelles sont les compétences à développer au niveau de la formation des experts en évaluation. L'auteur prend l'exemple de la gestion des personnels enseignants pour illustrer notre propos.
La sociologie, une approche évaluative, ou l'évaluation, une approche sociologique ?
2006
06047; Ce texte entend poser la question de savoir s'il est concevable de conduire une/des évaluations dans le domaine de l'éducation sans adopter, pas nécessairement dans chaque recherche bien sûr, mais à un moment ou un autre, une perspective sociologique.
The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT)
2012
High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultra-dense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m^2-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M…
Topology testing of phylogenies using least squares methods
2006
[Background] The least squares (LS) method for constructing confidence sets of trees is closely related to LS tree building methods, in which the goodness of fit of the distances measured on the tree (patristic distances) to the observed distances between taxa is the criterion used for selecting the best topology. The generalized LS (GLS) method for topology testing is often frustrated by the computational difficulties in calculating the covariance matrix and its inverse, which in practice requires approximations. The weighted LS (WLS) allows for a more efficient albeit approximate calculation of the test statistic by ignoring the covariances between the distances.
Lab And/Or Field? Measuring Personality Processes and Their Social Consequences
2015
How can researchers study personality processes and their social consequences? In our methodology overview, we first introduce ambulatory assessment methods, which repeatedly measure experiences, physiology and behaviour in people's daily lives based on real–time assessments of self–reports, physiological activity and behavioural observations. Then, we describe methods suitable for assessing personality processes in laboratory settings: self–reports on interpersonal perception, physiological measurements and behavioural observation. We discuss the combination of field and laboratory assessment methods based on their respective strengths and limitations and then highlight ethical issues sur…
TO BE PSYCHOLOGISTS OR TO BECOME A PSYCHOLOGIST? A STUDY ON UTILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF AN EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING GROUP ACTIVITY IN ACADEMIC COURSES.
2015
1 INTRODUCTION Professors of Psychology well know that the most of their students start attending academic courses intending Psychology, and psychological work too, in a not much realistic and strongly idealizing way. This happens, on the one hand, due to an unsatisfactory knowledge of the subject, on the other hand because of a marked discrepancy between the representation/image of the psychologist as presented by media and the one which is shared by the scientific and professional community. According to the representation given by media, for example, anyone in possession of strong empathic and interpretational skills – to be simply strengthened through academic studies – may pursue the c…
An integrated strategy between food chemistry, biology, nutrition, pharmacology, and statistics in the development of functional foods: A proposal
2017
Abstract Background Much research has been conducted to attest that different food and herbal extracts display functional properties in humans when consumed regularly as part of a balanced diet. However, most studies only relate one or some in vitro and/or in vivo functionalities of these extracts, without performing clinical trials to attest the alleged functionality. For instance, while some studies focus on the existence of statistical correlation between antioxidant activity and antidiabetic properties and the phenolic composition of a certain herb, others aim to assess the effects of different extraction methods ( i.e., pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, and supercritical fluid extrac…
Experimental validation of a distribution theory based analysis of the effect of manufacturing tolerances on permanent magnet synchronous machines
2017
An experimental study on the effect of permanent magnet tolerances on the performances of a Tubular Linear Ferrite Motor is presented in this paper. The performances that have been investigated are: cogging force, end effect cogging force and generated thrust. It is demonstrated that: 1) the statistical variability of the magnets introduces harmonics in the spectrum of the cogging force; 2) the value of the end effect cogging force is directly linked to the values of then remanence field of the external magnets placed on the slider; 3) the generated thrust and its statistical distribution depend on the remanence field of the magnets placed on the translator.
A Critical Review of Statistical Methods for Twin Studies Relating Exposure to Early Life Health Conditions
2021
International audience; When investigating disease etiology, twin data provide a unique opportunity to control for confounding and disentangling the role of the human genome and exposome. However, using appropriate statistical methods is fundamental for exploiting such potential. We aimed to critically review the statistical approaches used in twin studies relating exposure to early life health conditions. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase (2011–2021). We identified 32 studies and nine classes of methods. Five were conditional approaches (within-pair analyses): additive-common-erratic (ACE) models (11 studies), generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs, five studies), gene…
Light-component spectrum of the primary cosmic rays in the multi-TeV region measured by the ARGO-YBJ experiment
2012
The ARGO-YBJ experiment detects extensive air showers in a wide energy range by means of a full-coverage detector which is in stable data taking in its full configuration since November 2007 at the YBJ International Cosmic Ray Observatory (4300 m a.s.l., Tibet, People's Republic of China). In this paper the measurement of the light-component spectrum of primary cosmic rays in the energy region $(5\textdiv{}200)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ is reported. The method exploited to analyze the experimental data is based on a Bayesian procedure. The measured intensities of the light component are consistent with the recent CREAM results and higher than that obtained adding the proton and helium sp…