Search results for " Molecular"
showing 10 items of 14045 documents
Between-group competition and human cooperation.
2008
A distinctive feature of human behaviour is the widespread occurrence of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Explaining the maintenance of costly within-group cooperation is a challenge because the incentive to free ride on the efforts of other group members is expected to lead to decay of cooperation. However, the costs of cooperation can be diminished or overcome when there is competition at a higher level of organizational hierarchy. Here we show that competition between groups resolves the paradigmatic ‘public goods’ social dilemma and increases within-group cooperation and overall productivity. Further, group competition intensifies the moral emotions of anger and guilt associated…
Putative sorting signals involved in PIN1 trafficking
2013
Las auxinas son hormonas vegetales involucradas en muchos procesos fisiológicos, tales como el crecimiento y diferenciación celular, la maduración de los frutos, la floración o los tropismos. Su transporte a través de la planta es polar, jugando un papel esencial en la regulación del crecimiento y el desarrollo y contribuyendo al mantenimiento de la polaridad global de la planta. La polaridad en el flujo de auxinas es debida, al menos en parte, a la distribución polar de los transportadores de salida de auxina de la familia PIN. En Arabidopsis thaliana se han identificado 8 transportadores PIN diferentes. Todos ellos presentan una estructura similar, con un dominio citosólico central que se…
Microbial resources and sparkling wine differentiation : state of the arts
2022
Consumers’ increasing interest in sparkling wine has enhanced the global market’s demand. The pro-technological yeasts strains selected for the formulation of microbial starter cultures are a fundamental parameter for exalting the quality and safety of the final product. Nowadays, the management of the employed microbial resource is highly requested by stakeholders, because of the increasing economic importance of this oenological sector. Here, we report an overview of the production processes of sparkling wine and the main characterisation criteria to select Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces strains appropriate for the preparation of commercial starter cultures dedicated to the primary a…
Pd2Au36(SR)(24) cluster: structure studies
2015
The location of the Pd atoms in Pd2Au36(SC2H4Ph)(24), is studied both experimentally and theoretically. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates oxidized Pd atoms. Palladium K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) data clearly show Pd-S bonds, which is supported by far infrared spectroscopy and by comparing theoretical EXAFS spectra in R space and circular dichroism spectra of the staple, surface and core doped structures with experimental spectra.
Trapped Ion Oscillation Frequencies as Sensors for Spectroscopy
2010
The oscillation frequencies of charged particles in a Penning trap can serve as sensors for spectroscopy when additional field components are introduced to the magnetic and electric fields used for confinement. The presence of so-called "magnetic bottles" and specific electric anharmonicities creates calculable energy-dependences of the oscillation frequencies in the radiofrequency domain which may be used to detect the absorption or emission of photons both in the microwave and optical frequency domains. The precise electronic measurement of these oscillation frequencies therefore represents an optical sensor for spectroscopy. We discuss possible applications for precision laser and microw…
Realization of time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet-photon ionization
2009
International audience; Ultrafast dynamics of excited molecules is studied through time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet (vuv)- photon ionization using a nonlinear volume autocorrelator unit. The two-vuv-photon process is induced by the intense fifth harmonic radiation of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. In a proof-of-principle experiment, ultrafast dynamics of excited ethylene and oxygen molecules are investigated. Molecular decay times are deduced by comparing the experimental data with the results of a numerical model that accounts for the spatial and temporal characteristics of the harmonic field. The present experiments pave a convenient way for time domain investigations in the vuv-xuv s…
Tin resonance-ionization schemes for atomic- And nuclear-structure studies
2020
This paper presents high-precision spectroscopic measurements of atomic tin using five different resonance-ionization schemes performed with the collinear resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique. Isotope shifts were measured for the stable tin isotopes from the $5{s}^{2}5{p}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}^{3}{P}_{0,1,2}$ and ${}^{1}{S}_{0}$ to the $5{s}^{2}5p6s\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}^{1}{P}_{1},^{3}{P}_{1,2}$ and $5{s}^{2}5p7s{\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}}^{1}{P}_{1}$ atomic levels. The magnetic dipole hyperfine constants ${A}_{\mathrm{hf}}$ have been extracted for six atomic levels with electron angular momentum $Jg0$ from the hyperfine structures of nuclear spin $I=1/2$ tin isot…
Multi-functional Stabilizers-functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for advanced Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene-based Nanocomposites
2015
Stabilizing molecules, such as hindered phenols (both synthetic and naturally occurring), polyphenols and hindered amine light stabilizers, were covalently linked or physically absorbed onto outer surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the obtained multi-functional fillers (Stab-f-CNTs) were dispersed in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) aiming at obtaining advanced nanocomposites with enhanced thermo- and/or photo-oxidative stability, electrical and mechanical properties. The chemical grafting or physical absorption of stabilizing molecules is confirmed by spectroscopic, spectrometric and thermo-gravimetric analyses, and the influence of the multi-functional na…
Compared Binding Properties between Resveratrol and Other Polyphenols to Plasmatic Albumin: Consequences for the Health Protecting Effect of Dietary …
2014
International audience; Phytophenols are considered to have beneficial effects towards human physiology. They are food microcomponents with potent chemopreventive properties towards the most three frequent contemporary human diseases, e.g., cardiovascular alterations, cancer and neurodegenerative pathologies. Related to this, the plasmatic form and plasmatic level of plant polyphenols in the body circulation are crucial for their efficiency. Thus, determinations of the binding process of resveratrol and of common flavonoids produced by major edible plants, berries and fruits to plasma proteins are essential. The interactions between resveratrol and albumin, a major plasma protein, were comp…
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL TAXA IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATERLOGGED WOOD
2014
Summary The microscopic and molecular techniques described in this study are aimed at understanding the degradation processes of the anatomical structure of submerged archaeological wood, correlating it to the degradation induced by bacteria. The SEM micrographs showed alterations of the wooden structure due to bacterial colonization, as well as the presence of pyrite framboids. The difficulty of extracting bacterial DNA from wooden fragments belonging to submerged finds is well-known, due to the presence of many inhibitors; this study describes some extraction and in vitro amplification protocols for wooden submerged finds. The results of the molecular investigations, based on the analysis…