Search results for " NEUTRON"

showing 10 items of 618 documents

Structure of isotactic polypropylene–hydrogenated oligo(cyclopentadiene) (iPP–HOCP) blends Part II. HOCP-rich blends

2000

Abstract Blends of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and hydrogenated oligo(cyclopentadiene) (HOCP) were investigated to gain structural information by means of both SAXS and SANS techniques. The composition range (from 30 to 60% w/w HOCP content) and the temperature range (between 25 and 160°C) were chosen in order to cover the miscibility gap in the phase diagram of the material system. In a previous report, blends lying outside the miscibility gap have been investigated and the corresponding SAXS patterns were interpreted in terms of a pseudo-two phase model. For the SAXS patterns, blends lying inside the miscibility gap are rather hard to be interpreted in terms of such a model. On the othe…

PolypropyleneMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsSmall-angle X-ray scatteringSpinodal decompositionOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsSmall-angle neutron scatteringchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTacticityPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryLamellar structurePolymer blendPhase diagramPolymer
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Calculation of small-angle neutron scattering by macromolecules in the semicrystalline state

1980

The conformation of macromolecules in the semicrystalline state has been studied by various authors with respect to the validity of the adjacent re-entry — or switchboard model by application of small-angle neutron scattering. Analytical as well as Monte-Carlo calculations show that the experimental results for melt crystallized polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene can be interpreted on the basis of the solidification model. In this model it is assumed that crystallization occurs by straightening of coil sequences without a long range diffusion process.

Polypropylenechemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsThermodynamicsPolymerNeutron scatteringSmall-angle neutron scatteringlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryDiffusion processlawTacticityMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationBiological small-angle scatteringColloid and Polymer Science
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Pore structure and water transfer in Pietra d’Aspra limestone: A neutronographic study

2020

Neutron radiography (NR) was here applied to study the effects of two different commercially available consolidants on the water absorption properties in a particular type of limestone (biocalcarenite), known as Pietra d’Aspra stone, which is one of the most extensively used lithotypes in Sicilian Baroque buildings. Our attention was mainly focused on the evaluation, using a fast and nondestructive visualization of water motion through capillarity, of the effectiveness of such layers as consolidating agents in view of preserving and maintaining both old and modern structures. The biocalcarenite was treated with nanosilica (Nano Estel®) and nanolime (CaLoSil®) by brushing it until full satur…

Porous limestonesMaterials science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMineralogy02 engineering and technologylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesArtificial weathering Capillarity Consolidant Neutron radiography Porous limestones Water kineticslcsh:ChemistryArtificial weatheringWater kineticsConsolidantsConsolidantGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:QH301-705.5InstrumentationSettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFluid Flow and Transfer Processeslcsh:TArtificial weathering; Capillarity; Consolidants; Neutron radiography; Porous limestones; Water kineticsProcess Chemistry and TechnologyNeutron imagingGeneral Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsPorous limestonelcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Water transferlcsh:TA1-2040CapillarityNeutron radiographyneutron radiography; porous limestones; consolidants; water kinetics; artificial weathering; capillaritylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologylcsh:Physics
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Investigation on the Single Event Burnout threshold behaviour of Power MOSFETs under atmospheric-like neutron spectrum irradiation

2017

N-channel power MOSFETs were tested at ChipIr (ISIS-RAL) with atmospheric-like neutron spectrum. Voltage thresholds for Single Event Burnout were evaluated and their correlations with the devices characteristics (V(BR)DSS) were investigated.

Power MOSFETs Neutron SEBSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleari
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Ceramics, Marbles and Stones in the Light of Neutrons: Characterization by Various Neutron Methods

2016

In this chapter we give a brief overview of neutron based analytical investigations applied to study archaeological ceramics, and different types of stones. Since the vast majority of archaeological objects are made of ceramics and various stones—all are of geological origin—, one of the key objectives of these studies to determine the origin of raw material. This research is called provenance research, and a wide range of neutron based methods are applicable in it. Following a very basic, user-oriented description of the methods, we introduce examples from our everyday practice. The examples are about provenance of prehistoric stone tools, about the sources of 4th–3rd c. B.C. millennium li…

PrehistoryArchaeological ceramicsProvenanceMaterials scienceMineralogyNeutronPotteryCeramics Marbles Stones NeutronsArchaeologySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaCharacterization (materials science)
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Dynamical properties of water in living cells

2018

With the aim of studying the effect of water dynamics on the properties of biological systems, in this paper, we present a quasi-elastic neutron scattering study on three different types of living cells, differing both in their morphological and tumor properties. The measured scattering signal, which essentially originates from hydrogen atoms present in the investigated systems, has been analyzed using a global fitting strategy using an optimized theoretical model that considers various classes of hydrogen atoms and allows disentangling diffusive and rotational motions. The approach has been carefully validated by checking the reliability of the calculation of parameters and their 99% confi…

Properties of waterScale (ratio)HydrogenPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)chemistry.chemical_elementNeutron scattering010402 general chemistrySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSignalchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsquasi-elastic neutron scatteringwater structure and dynamicintracellular water0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsintracellular water; quasi-elastic neutron scattering; water structure and dynamics; Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physicsbusiness.industryScatteringSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)0104 chemical scienceswater structure and dynamicschemistryPicosecondbusinessBiological system
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The impact of high hydrostatic pressure on structure and dynamics of beta-lactoglobulin

2013

Abstract Methods Combining small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering measurements with inelastic neutron scattering experiments, we investigated the impact of high hydrostatic pressure on the structure and dynamics of β-lactoglobulin (βLG) in aqueous solution. Background βLG is a relatively small protein, which is predominantly dimeric in physiological conditions, but dissociates to monomer below about pH 3. Results High-pressure structural results show that the dimer–monomer equilibrium, as well as the protein–protein interactions, are only slightly perturbed by pressure, and βLG unfolding is observed above a threshold value of 3000 bar. In the same range of pressure, dynamical results put …

Protein ConformationHydrostatic pressureBiophysics02 engineering and technologyLactoglobulinsProtein dynamicsNeutron scatteringNeutron scattering010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryInelastic neutron scatteringchemistry.chemical_compound[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyProtein foldingMolecular BiologyHydrostatic pressureQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesAqueous solutionSmall angle X-ray and neutron scatteringProtein dynamics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyMonomerchemistryChemical physicsCompressibilityProtein folding0210 nano-technology
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Nucleation and Growth of CaCO3 Mediated by the Egg-White Protein Ovalbumin: A Time-Resolved in situ Study Using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering

2008

Mineralization of calcium carbonate in aqueous solutions starting from its initiation was studied by time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). SANS revealed that homogeneous crystallization of CaCO 3 involves an initial formation of thin plate-shaped nuclei which subsequently reassemble to 3-dimensional particles, first of fractal and finally of compact structure. The presence of the egg-white protein ovalbumin leads to a different progression of mineralization through several stages; the first step represents amorphous CaCO 3, whereas the other phases are crystalline. The formation and dissolution of the amorphous phase is accompanied by Ca (2+)-mediated unfolding and cross-link…

Protein FoldingOvalbuminProtein ConformationChemistryNeutron diffractionNucleationWaterGeneral ChemistryNeutron scatteringBiochemistrySmall-angle neutron scatteringCatalysisCalcium Carbonatelaw.inventionAmorphous solidCalcium ChlorideNeutron DiffractionCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrylawVateriteScattering Small AngleCrystallizationCrystallizationDissolutionJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Narrow Structure in the Excitation Function of eta Photoproduction off the Neutron

2013

The photoproduction of $\eta$-mesons off nucleons bound in $^2$H and $^3$He has been measured in coincidence with recoil protons and recoil neutrons for incident photon energies from threshold up to 1.4 GeV. The experiments were performed at the Mainz MAMI accelerator, using the Glasgow tagged photon facility. Decay photons from the $\eta\rightarrow 2\gamma$ and $\eta\rightarrow 3\pi^0$ decays and the recoil nucleons were detected with an almost $4\pi$ electromagnetic calorimeter combining the Crystal Ball and TAPS detectors. The data from both targets are of excellent statistical quality and show a narrow structure in the excitation function of $\gamma n\rightarrow n\eta$. The results from…

ProtonMesonNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::OpticsPhoton energyη; meson; photoproduction off the neutron; MAMI01 natural sciences7. Clean energyNuclear physicsRecoil0103 physical sciencesNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsExcitation function010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsNucleonCrystal BallPHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
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Shear induced deformation of polystyrene coils in dilute solution from small angle neutron scattering

1985

The deformation of the overall conformation of polystyrene,Mw=280000 g/ mole in dilute solution in a constant shear gradient has been investigated by small angle neutron scattering (SANS).

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsTesting equipmentNeutron scatteringSmall-angle neutron scatteringCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryShear (geology)Materials ChemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialCouette flowColloid & Polymer Science
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