Search results for " Order"

showing 10 items of 827 documents

Comparative theoretical study of transition structures, barrier heights, and reaction energies for the intramolecular tautomerization in acetaldehyde…

1998

The transition structures associated with the possible intramolecular tautomerization for acetaldehyde/vinyl alcohol and acetaldimine/vinylamine systems as models of keto/enol and imine/enamine interconversion processes, respectively, were characterized. The relative stabilities of the tautomers and the associated barrier heights were calculated. Ab initio analytical gradients and second derivatives at the HF level of theory and 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-31G**, 6-31++G**, and 6-311++G** basis-set, DFT (BP86/6-311++G** and BLYP/6-311++G**), and semiempirical (AM1 and PM3) procedures were used to identify the stationary points. Correlation effects were estimated using the perturbational approach at MP2…

Vinyl alcoholImineAb initioElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsTautomerBond orderEnolAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryIntramolecular forcePhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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Coxsackievirus B3 VLPs purified by ion exchange chromatography elicit strong immune responses in mice

2014

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an important cause of acute and chronic viral myocarditis, and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Although vaccination against CVB3 could significantly reduce the incidence of serious or fatal viral myocarditis and various other diseases associated with CVB3 infection, there is currently no vaccine or therapeutic reagent in clinical use. In this study, we contributed towards the development of a CVB3 vaccine by establishing an efficient and scalable ion exchange chromatography-based purification method for CVB3 virus and baculovirus-insect cell-expressed CVB3 virus-like particles (VLPs). This purification system is especially relevant for vaccine development and produ…

Viral MyocarditisvirusesIon chromatographyGenetic VectorsCoxsackievirus InfectionsBiologyAntibodies ViralVirus03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineImmune systemVirus-like particleAntibody SpecificityVirologyGene OrderAnimalscardiovascular diseases030212 general & internal medicineVaccines Virus-Like Particle030304 developmental biologyPharmacology0303 health sciencesImmunity Cellularta1182virus diseasesmusculoskeletal systemChromatography Ion ExchangeVirology3. Good healthEnterovirus B HumanVaccinationDisease Models AnimalImmunizationCoxsackievirus b3cardiovascular systemFemaleImmunizationBaculoviridaeAntiviral Research
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Symplectic analysis of thin-walled curved box girders with torsion, distortion and shear lag warping effects

2022

Shear lag effect and torsional and distortional warping can significantly affect the performance of thin-walled curved box girders used in modern bridge engineering. The structural behaviour of these bridges exhibits complexity due to coupled bending and torsion together with warping effects of non-uniform torsion, distortion and shear lag. A practical method of analysis, based on the symplectic approach, with the same perspective as the Higher Order Beam Theories, is presented for overcoming the difficulties of numerical approaches via the Finite Element Method. In this paper, the Hamiltonian Structural Analysis method implements the analysis of the shear lag effect together with non-unifo…

WarpingSymplectic ElasticityHamiltonian Structural AnalysisMechanical EngineeringShear-lagTimoshenko curved beamsDistortionBuilding and ConstructionCurved bridgesNon-uniform torsionGBTThin-walled beamsBox girdersHigher Order Beam TheoriesCivil and Structural Engineering
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Rethinking the Westphalian Order During WW I : Max Weber on the Timeliness of the European Polity

2017

The publication of the Max-Weber-Gesamtausgabe volumes, including his letters and a recent study of Hinnerk Bruhns, have revised the canonical view on Weber as a German nationalist. With a conceptual and rhetorical analysis of his essays Deutschland unter europäischen Weltmächten (1916) and Zum Thema Kriegsschuld (early 1919), I offer an alternative view on Weber’s relationship to European politics. He defended the ‘Westphalian’ system of balance between great powers, to which he wanted after the end of the War to incorporate Woodrow Wilson’s plans for a new League. Weber was a critic of German wartime policy, maintained his Anglophile sympathies, and saw in tsarist Russia the main threat b…

Weber MaxEuropean polityWestphalian Order
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Games and Bisimulations for Intuitionistic First-Order Kripke Models

2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of a game for intuitionisticfirst-order Kripke models. We also establish links between notions presented here and thenotions of logical equivalence and bounded bisimulation for intuitionistic first-order Kripkemodels, and the Ehrenfeucht–Fra ̈ıss ́e game for classical first-order structures.

Winning strategyBisimulationLogical equivalenceLogicIntuitionistic first-order logicKripke modelsGameEhrenfeucht–Fra ̈ıss ́e gameFirst orderAlgebraHistory and Philosophy of ScienceBounded functionComputational linguisticsKripke modelMathematicsStudia Logica
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Shock-capturing schemes: high accuracy versus total-variation boundedness

2007

In this reseach work we analyze the total variation growth of some high order accurate reconstruction procedures used for the design of shock capturing schemes. This study allows to measure how oscillatory a high order accurate method is in terms of the basic elementary function chosen to increase the order of accuracy. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Work (thermodynamics)CalculusElementary functionOrder of accuracyApplied mathematicsVariation (game tree)High orderMeasure (mathematics)Shock (mechanics)MathematicsPAMM
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Some Theoretical Results About Stability for IMEX Schemes Applied to Hyperbolic Equations with Stiff Reaction Terms

2010

In this work we are concerned with certain numerical difficulties associated to the use of high order Implicit–Explicit Runge–Kutta (IMEX-RK) schemes in a direct discretization of balance laws with stiff source terms. We consider a simple model problem, introduced by LeVeque and Yee in [J. Comput. Phys 86 (1990)], as the basic test case to explore the ability of IMEX-RK schemes to produce and maintain non-oscillatory reaction fronts.

Work (thermodynamics)DiscretizationSimple (abstract algebra)Applied mathematicsMaterial derivativeHigh orderComputer Science::Numerical AnalysisHyperbolic partial differential equationStability (probability)Mathematics::Numerical AnalysisMathematics
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Nonexistence Results for Higher Order Fractional Differential Inequalities with Nonlinearities Involving Caputo Fractional Derivative

2021

Higher order fractional differential equations are important tools to deal with precise models of materials with hereditary and memory effects. Moreover, fractional differential inequalities are useful to establish the properties of solutions of different problems in biomathematics and flow phenomena. In the present work, we are concerned with the nonexistence of global solutions to a higher order fractional differential inequality with a nonlinearity involving Caputo fractional derivative. Namely, using nonlinear capacity estimates, we obtain sufficient conditions for which we have no global solutions. The a priori estimates of the structure of solutions are obtained by a precise analysis …

Work (thermodynamics)General MathematicsStructure (category theory)test function methodFractional calculusNonlinear systemFlow (mathematics)Settore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematicanonexistenceglobal solutionComputer Science (miscellaneous)Test functions for optimizationQA1-939Applied mathematicsOrder (group theory)A priori and a posteriorihigher order fractional differential inequalityreaction-diffusion processEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsMathematicsMathematics
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Free energy and states of fractional-order hereditariness

2014

AbstractComplex materials, often encountered in recent engineering and material sciences applications, show no complete separations between solid and fluid phases. This aspect is reflected in the continuous relaxation time spectra recorded in cyclic load tests. As a consequence the material free energy cannot be defined in a unique manner yielding a significative lack of knowledge of the maximum recoverable work that can extracted from the material. The non-uniqueness of the free energy function is removed in the paper for power-laws relaxation/creep function by using a recently proposed mechanical analogue to fractional-order hereditariness.

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceMaterial stateFractional orderMaterial scienceSpectral lineDissipation rateMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceComplex materials; Continuous relaxation; Dissipation rates; Fractional derivatives; Fractional order; Free energy function; Material science; Power law creepFree energyPower-law creep/relaxationComplex materialbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsRelaxation (NMR)Order (ring theory)Free energy functionFractional derivativesStructural engineeringFunction (mathematics)MechanicsFractional derivativeCondensed Matter PhysicsFractional calculusContinuous relaxationCreepMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationPower law creepbusinessSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniEnergy (signal processing)International Journal of Solids and Structures
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Spatial fragmentation of, and US support for, the main multilateral institutions of the western order

2017

The growth of China-led minilateral initiatives mostly of a regional character has challenged the main multilateral institutions of the Western order and, ultimately, US authority. Faced with a progressive delegitimation of the institutional architecture that it promoted after World War II, the US, under the Obama administration, has acted to defend the existing main multilateral institutions of the order (UN, IMF, WB and WTO), attributing them with a strategic role. More than being radical, though, the reforms enacted have been incremental and pragmatic, but always imperfect. More importantly, they have not altered US influence, which is exercised mostly through informal means. This, howev…

World War IIUS foreign policyUNMultilateralismWTOMarket fragmentationliberal international orderWBPolitical sciencePolitical economyrising powersCredibilityuniversal multilateral institutionOperations managementImperfectmultilateralismChinaIMFSettore SPS/04 - Scienza PoliticaInstitutional architecture
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