Search results for " PROTEOMICS"
showing 10 items of 140 documents
Automated analysis of images for molecular quantification in immunohistochemistry.
2018
The quantification of the expression of different molecules is a key question in both basic and applied sciences. While protein quantification through molecular techniques leads to the loss of spatial information and resolution, immunohistochemistry is usually associated with time-consuming image analysis and human bias. In addition, the scarce automatic software analysis is often proprietary and expensive and relies on a fixed threshold binarization. Here we describe and share a set of macros ready for automated fluorescence analysis of large batches of fixed tissue samples using FIJI/ImageJ. The quantification of the molecules of interest are based on an automatic threshold analysis of im…
Positioning Europe for the EPITRANSCRIPTOMICS challenge
2018
WOS: 000444092300018 PubMed ID: 29671387 The genetic alphabet consists of the four letters: C, A, G, and T in DNA and C,A,G, and U in RNA. Triplets of these four letters jointly encode 20 different amino acids out of which proteins of all organisms are built. This system is universal and is found in all kingdoms of life. However, bases in DNA and RNA can be chemically modified. In DNA, around 10 different modifications are known, and those have been studied intensively over the past 20years. Scientific studies on DNA modifications and proteins that recognize them gave rise to the large field of epigenetic and epigenomic research. The outcome of this intense research field is the discovery t…
Fibroblast’s role in breast cancer: a proteomic approach
2008
Fibroblasts are the major mesenchymal cell types committed to the matrix formation and renewal. Moreover they are the main source of paracrine factors that influence the growth of epithelial cells of neighbouring tissues. For these properties they may be involved in tumourigenesis, either by remodelling the tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM), and by the production of paracrine factors that influence the growth of carcinoma cells. Studies on fibroblasts associated to carcinomas have documented their phenotypic modifications, including abnormal migratory behaviour in vitro and growth factors altered expression(Schor & Schor, 2001). In addition, fibroblasts often recruit inflammat…
p63 Isoforms Regulate Metabolism of Cancer Stem Cells
2014
p63 is an important regulator of epithelial development expressed in different variants containing (TA) or lacking (ΔN) the N-terminal transactivation domain. The different isoforms regulate stem-cell renewal and differentiation as well as cell senescence. Several studies indicate that p63 isoforms also play a role in cancer development; however, very little is known about the role played by p63 in regulating the cancer stem phenotype. Here we investigate the cellular signals regulated by TAp63 and ΔNp63 in a model of epithelial cancer stem cells. To this end, we used colon cancer stem cells, overexpressing either TAp63 or ΔNp63 isoforms, to carry out a proteomic study by chemical-labeling …
Molecular biomarkers in glaucoma
2013
The seventh annual ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmic Research Institute conference was held Friday and Saturday, April 29 and 30, 2011, at the Fort Lauderdale Hyatt Regency Pier 66, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The conference, funded by The ARVO Foundation for Eye Research through a grant from Pfizer Ophthalmics, provided an opportunity to gather experts from within and outside ophthalmology to determine the state of knowledge pertaining to molecular biomarkers associated with glaucoma, as well as the methods to identify and validate them to predict (a) those who would be susceptible to development of glaucoma; (b) markers that will enable prediction of glaucoma progression; and (c) markers that will pre…
Hepatitis B subviral envelope particles use the COPII machinery for intracellular transport via selective exploitation of Sec24A and Sec23B
2020
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of liver disease. Its success as a human pathogen is related to the immense production of subviral envelope particles (SVPs) contributing to viral persistence by interfering with immune functions. To explore cellular pathways involved in SVP formation and egress, we investigated host-pathogen interactions. Yeast-based proteomics revealed Sec24A, a component of the coat protein complex II (COPII), as an interaction partner of the HBV envelope S domain. To understand how HBV co-opts COPII as a proviral machinery, we studied roles of key Sec proteins in HBV-expressing liver cells. Silencing of Sar1, Sec23, and Sec24, which promote COPII assembly conco…
SILAC labeling coupled to shotgun proteomics analysis of membrane proteins of liver stem/hepatocyte allows to candidate the inhibition of TGF-beta pa…
2014
Background: Despite extensive research on hepatic cells precursors and their differentiated states, much remains to be learned about the mechanism underlying the self-renewal and differentiation.Results: We apply the SILAC (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture) approach to quantitatively compare the membrane proteome of the resident liver stem cells (RLSCs) and their progeny spontaneously differentiated into epithelial/hepatocyte (RLSCdH). By means of nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF approach, we identified and quantified 248 membrane proteins and 57 of them were found modulated during hepatocyte differentiation. Functional clustering of differentially expressed proteins by Ingenuity …
Multiple effects induced by herceptin® on 8701-BC breast cancer cells
2008
Herceptin, an anti-neoplastic humanized monoclonal antibody (Herceptin®, Roche, CH), has been shown to be active against breast cancer cells over-expressing HER-2 receptor. HER-2 is a cell membrane protein that belongs to the epidermal growth factor receptors family and that results over-expressed in the 25-30% of breast cancer patients. The over-expression of HER-2 is considered a predictive and prognostic marker for breast cancer malignancy and invasiveness. On these bases, we aimed to analyze the effects caused by Herceptin treatment on 8701-BC breast cancer cells (Minafra et al., 1989). Firstly we evaluated the effects of Herceptin on the growth rate of 8701-BC cells. To this purpose, p…
Herceptin-resistance in breast cancer cells: a proteomic study.
2009
HER-2 is a cell membrane protein that belongs to the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (HER-1, HER-2, HER-3, HER-4). The over-expression of HER-2, which results in the 25-30% of breast cancer patients, is considered a predictive and prognostic marker for breast cancer malignancy and invasiveness and makes HER-2 an excellent therapeutic target. In the last years new therapeutic strategies have been improved in order to better deal tumor diseases an to minimize collateral effects due to classic chemotherapy in patients. In this way, a new approach was the somministration of humanized antibodies directed against tumor-associated molecular targets. Among these ones Herceptin, an anti-neo…
The Complex Regulatory Role of Cytomegalovirus Nuclear Egress Protein pUL50 in the Production of Infectious Virus
2021
The regulation of the nucleocytoplasmic release of herpesviral capsids is defined by the process of nuclear egress. Due to their large size, nuclear capsids are unable to traverse via nuclear pores, so that herpesviruses evolved to develop a vesicular transport pathway mediating their transition through both leaflets of the nuclear membrane. This process involves regulatory proteins, which support the local distortion of the nuclear envelope. For human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the nuclear egress complex (NEC) is determined by the pUL50-pUL53 core that initiates multicomponent assembly with NEC-associated proteins and capsids. Hereby, pUL50 serves as a multi-interacting determinant that recru…