Search results for " Phase"

showing 10 items of 1862 documents

Langmuir−Blodgett Films of Fluorinated Glycolipids and Polymerizable Lipids and Their Phase Separating Behavior

2010

This paper describes the phase separating behavior of Langmuir monolayers from mixtures of different lipids that (i) either carry already a glycopeptide recognition site or can be easily modified to carry one and (ii) polymerizable lipids. To ensure demixing during compression, we used fluorinated lipids for the biological headgroups and hydrocarbon based lipids as polymerizable lipids. As a representative for a lipid monomer, which can be polymerized in the hydrophilic headgroup, a methacrylic monomer was used. As a monomer, which can be polymerized in the hydrophobic tail, a lipid with a diacetylene unit was used (pentacosadiynoic acid, PDA). The fluorinated lipids were on the one hand a …

PolymersSurface PropertiesMicroscopy Atomic ForceLangmuir–Blodgett filmMiscibilityPolymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundPhase (matter)MonolayerElectrochemistryOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceLipid bilayer phase behaviorSpectroscopyDiacetyleneChemistryAirTemperatureWaterFluorineSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsLipidsHydrocarbonsMonomerModels ChemicalPolymerizationChemical engineeringFatty Acids Unsaturatedlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)GlycolipidsCrystallizationLangmuir
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The application of the supported liquid membrane and molecularly imprinted polymers as solid acceptor phase for selective extraction of biochanin A f…

2018

An efficient sample clean-up and preconcentration procedure for phytoestrogens analysis in urine has been developed. It was based on a combination of solid phase extraction with hollow-fiber supported liquid membrane and molecularly imprinted beads (MIPs-HF-SLM-SPE). The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized by precipitation polymerization technique with biochanin A (BCA) as a template, giving narrowly dispersed microspheres with a regular shape. As the functional monomer, (dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (-DEM) turned out to be better than methacrylic acid (MAA) to get the best-imprinted effects. The MIPs used as sorbents in the MIPs-HF-SLM-SPE extraction process exhibite…

PolymersUrinalysismolecularly imprinted polymerMethacrylateSolid-Phase extractionBiochemistryPolymerizationAnalytical ChemistryMolecular Imprintingchemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionHumanssupported liquid membraneSolid phase extractionchemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographySolid Phase ExtractionOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Molecularly imprinted polymerMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicinePolymerGenisteinurineMembraneMethacrylic acidchemistryPrecipitation polymerizationphytoestrogenJournal of Chromatography A
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Continuous-Variable Instantaneous Quantum Computing is Hard to Sample

2017

Instantaneous quantum computing is a sub-universal quantum complexity class, whose circuits have proven to be hard to simulate classically in the Discrete-Variable (DV) realm. We extend this proof to the Continuous-Variable (CV) domain by using squeezed states and homodyne detection, and by exploring the properties of post-selected circuits. In order to treat post-selection in CVs we consider finitely-resolved homodyne detectors, corresponding to a realistic scheme based on discrete probability distributions of the measurement outcomes. The unavoidable errors stemming from the use of finitely squeezed states are suppressed through a qubit-into-oscillator GKP encoding of quantum information,…

PolynomialMathematical optimizationComputer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas010309 opticsContinuous variableHomodyne detection[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesComplexity classQuantum phase estimation algorithmStatistical physicsQuantum information010306 general physicsQuantumQuantum computerPhysicsQuantum PhysicsQuantum PhysicsSample (graphics)PostselectionProbability distributionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physical Review Letters
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Characterization of PLLA scaffolds for biomedical applications

2017

The porosity and pore size distribution of three-dimensional scaffolds have direct implications on their biomedical applications (tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound dressing). Accordingly, in this paper, a fast, facile, and conservative method relying on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) for the evaluation of mean pore size and pore size distribution of polymeric scaffolds is reported. The applicability of the technique is demonstrated on poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds fabricated using the thermal induced phase separation. Results obtained through LF-NMR are successfully compared to scanning electron microscope and X-ray microcomputed tomography micrographs.

Pore sizeScaffoldMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyscaffold010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPLLAAnalytical ChemistryTissue engineeringpore size distributionChemical Engineering (all)PorositySettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria Chimicaintegumentary systemLow-field NMR; phase separation; PLLA; pore size distribution; scaffold; Analytical Chemistry; Chemical Engineering (all); Polymers and Plastics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiWound dressingDrug deliveryphase separation0210 nano-technologyLow-field NMR
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Selective propane oxidation over MoVSbO catalysts. On the preparation, characterization and catalytic behavior of M1 phase

2009

Nb-free (SbO)(2)M(20)O(56) catalysts (M = Mo, V) presenting pure M1 phase have been prepared by a post-synthesis treatment with hydrogen peroxide of a heat-treated MoVSbO mixed metal oxide catalyst previously prepared by hydrothermal method. The characterization of catalysts and their results for propane oxidation suggest that the optimization in the preparation of the M1 phase depends strongly on the washing procedure. The optimal removing of Sb species formed during post-synthesis treatment can explain the improvement in the catalytic activity; while the better selectivity to acrylic acid of the catalysts obtained by post-synthesis treatment can be explained by the elimination of M2 phase…

Post-synthesis treatmentInorganic chemistryOxideHeterogeneous catalysisCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPropanePhase (matter)Hydrothermal synthesisHydrothermal synthesisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryM1 phaseSelectivityHydrogen peroxidePropane oxidationMo–V–Sb mixed oxides
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Modelling biological and chemically induced precipitation of calcium phosphate in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems

2011

The biologically induced precipitation processes can be important in wastewater treatment, in particular treating raw wastewater with high calcium concentration combined with Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal. Currently, there is little information and experience in modelling jointly biological and chemical processes. This paper presents a calcium phosphate precipitation model and its inclusion in the Activated Sludge Model No 2d (ASM2d). The proposed precipitation model considers that aqueous phase reactions quickly achieve the chemical equilibrium and that aqueous-solid change is kinetically governed. The model was calibrated using data from four experiments in a Sequencing Batch Rea…

Precipitation (chemical)Waste component removalCalcium PhosphatesKinematicsPrecipitation (chemistry)Sequencing batch reactorWastewater treatmentPrecipitationActivated sludge modelWastewaterChemicals removal (water treatment)Precipitation processchemistry.chemical_compoundMathematical modelCalcium ionAqueous solutionChemical PrecipitationAmorphous calcium phosphateChemical equilibriumsEnvironmental RemediationWaste Management and DisposalEnvironmental Restoration and RemediationCalcium concentrationPriority journalWater Science and TechnologyWaste water managementMathematical modellingChemistryEcological ModelingPhosphorusPollutionRaw wastewatersSequencing batch reactorAmorphous calcium phosphateBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnhanced biological phosphorus removalPollutant removalCalibrationCrystallizationEnvironmental EngineeringInorganic chemistryAqueous phase reactionschemistry.chemical_elementArticleHydroxyapatitePhosphatesNumerical modelSolidChemical engineeringPhysicochemical propertyComputer SimulationCalcium phosphate precipitationBiological water treatmentTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTECivil and Structural EngineeringActivated sludge modelActivated sludge processBatch reactorsPrecipitation (chemistry)PhosphorusPrecipitation modelPhosphateChemical processKineticsActivated sludgeCalcium phosphateModels ChemicalActivated sludgePotassiumEnhanced biological phosphorus removalCalciumExperimentsSequencing batch reactorsCalcium phosphate dibasicHydrogenWater Research
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Frequency dynamics of power systems with temporally distributed disturbances

2021

Abstract The frequency dynamics and stability of power systems is essentially affected by nature and characteristics of the disturbances occurring in the system. Conventionally, frequency transients are examined assuming a single disturbance applied at a given time. However, actual incidents in the power systems can be generally composed of a temporal sequence of events, and thus characterized by multiple power imbalances of different magnitudes and time offsets. The consideration of the effects of the temporal distribution of power imbalances is important for two main reasons: the impact on the frequency dynamics of the system in terms of frequency metrics such as minimum instantaneous fre…

Primary frequency controlRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentComputer scienceWork (physics)Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyDistributed powerStability (probability)Instantaneous phasePower (physics)Settore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaElectric power systemControl and Systems EngineeringControl theorySystem splitTransient (oscillation)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringRepresentation (mathematics)Power imbalancePower system dynamicFrequency transientSustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
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Quantum Query Algorithms for Conjunctions

2010

Every Boolean function can be presented as a logical formula in conjunctive normal form. Fast algorithm for conjunction plays significant role in overall algorithm for computing arbitrary Boolean function. First, we present a quantum query algorithm for conjunction of two bits. Our algorithm uses one quantum query and correct result is obtained with a probability p = 4/5, that improves the previous result. Then, we present the main result - generalization of our approach to design efficient quantum algorithms for computing conjunction of two Boolean functions. Finally, we demonstrate another kind of an algorithm for conjunction of two bits, that has a correct answer probability p = 9/10. Th…

Product termTheoretical computer scienceParity functionAnd-inverter graphMaximum satisfiability problemQuantum phase estimation algorithmBoolean expressionQuantum algorithmBoolean functionAlgorithmMathematics
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Induction of oxiapoptophagy, a mixed mode of cell death associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy, on 7-ketocholesterol-treated 158N …

2013

7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) has been suggested to induce a complex mode of cell death on monocytic cells: oxiapoptophagy (OXIdation, APOPTOsis, and autoPHAGY) (Monier et al. (2003) [12]). The aim of the present study, realized on 158N murine oligodendrocytes, was to bring new evidence on this mixed form of cell death. On 158N cells, 7KC induces an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed by dihydroethidium staining, a loss of transmembrane mitochondrial potential measured with DiOC6(3), caspase-3 activation, and condensation and/or fragmentation of the nuclei which are typical criteria of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Moreover, 7KC enhances cytoplamic membrane permeability to …

Programmed cell deathMembrane permeabilityalpha-TocopherolBiophysicsApoptosisBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMicemedicineAutophagyAnimalsMicroscopy Phase-ContrastPropidium iodideFragmentation (cell biology)Molecular BiologyKetocholesterolsCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesCell DeathDose-Response Relationship DrugAutophagyCell BiologyCell biologyOligodendrogliaOxidative StresschemistryApoptosisMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsOxidative stressBiochemical and biophysical research communications
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Dual film-like organelles enable spatial separation of orthogonal eukaryotic translation

2021

Summary Engineering new functionality into living eukaryotic systems by enzyme evolution or de novo protein design is a formidable challenge. Cells do not rely exclusively on DNA-based evolution to generate new functionality but often utilize membrane encapsulation or formation of membraneless organelles to separate distinct molecular processes that execute complex operations. Applying this principle and the concept of two-dimensional phase separation, we develop film-like synthetic organelles that support protein translation on the surfaces of various cellular membranes. These sub-resolution synthetic films provide a path to make functionally distinct enzymes within the same cell. We use t…

Protein designComputational biologyBiology2D phase separationArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySynthetic biologyEukaryotic translationOrganelleHumansRNA MessengerAmino AcidsOrganellesmembrane signalingsynthetic biomolecular condensatesProteinsTranslation (biology)Intracellular MembranesProtein engineeringGenetic codeenzyme engineeringHEK293 Cellsgenetic code expansionEukaryotic CellsGenetic CodeProtein Biosynthesisorthogonal translationsynthetic biologyRibosomesFunction (biology)Cell
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