Search results for " Plaque"
showing 10 items of 233 documents
Oral conditions and salivary analysis in HIV-uninfected subjects using preexposure prophylaxis.
2021
New prevention strategies have been advocated to control the progression of HIV/AIDS, such as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential changes in the oral and salivary conditions of HIV-uninfected subjects using PrEP. Subjects were evaluated before beginning the medication (T0), at the first follow-up (T1), and at the second follow-up (T2). Xerostomia, presence of untreated cavitated caries, oral hygiene habits, taste, gingival and plaque index, stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR), and salivary concentrations of calcium, glucose, urea, and total proteins were evaluated. Data obtained were analyzed using statistical tests (p0.05), except for the sal…
Development and viability of biofilms grown on experimental abutments mimicking dental implants: an in vivo model
2019
Background To determine whether an experimental abutment mimicking the macro- and microstructure of a dental implant is a suitable method for recovering biofilm, and to describe the features of biofilms formed around such abutments on healthy implants. Material and Methods Experimental abutments were used in 15 patients without peri-implant diseases. After 14 days’ absence of dental hygiene in this area, the abutments were retrieved and analyzed through confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The biofilm formation on the surface of the first 5 abutments was determined by a fluorescence-staining method using SYTO9 nucleic acid stain. In order to study the biofilm…
Pregnancy and periodontal disease: does exist a two-way relationship?
2017
Periodontal disease (PD) is an inflammatory disease of the tissues supporting the teeth. PD affects 65 million adults over the age of 30 years in the USA, and worldwide 5 to 70% of adults. Women who develop PD during pregnancy, itâs estimated 1 woman in 5, may have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. PD during pregnancy starts by dental plaque and is increased by the action of pregnancy hormones. In order to study the effect of PD on adverse pregnancy outcomes, we have performed this narrative review summarising the current studies about the influence of PD on pregnancy. Periodontal pockets are a reservoir of oral microbiota. Modifications in oral microbiota may be considered as …
Cholesterol-Like Effects of Selective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors and Fibrates on Cellular Membranes and Amyloid-β Production
2007
Strong evidence suggests a mechanistic link between cholesterol metabolism and the formation of amyloid-beta peptides, the principal constituents of senile plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show that several fibrates and diaryl heterocycle cyclooxygenase inhibitors, among them the commonly used drugs fenofibrate and celecoxib, exhibit effects similar to those of cholesterol on cellular membranes and amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing. These drugs have the same effects on membrane rigidity as cholesterol, monitored here by an increase in fluorescence anisotropy. The effect of the drugs on cellular membranes was also reflected in the inhibitory…
The cultivable human oral gluten-degrading microbiome and its potential implications in coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity
2013
AbstractCoeliac disease is characterized by intestinal inflammation caused by gluten, proteins which are widely contained in the Western diet. Mammalian digestive enzymes are only partly capable of cleaving gluten, and fragments remain that induce toxic responses in patients with coeliac disease. We found that the oral microbiome is a novel and rich source of gluten-degrading organisms. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of the cultivable resident oral microbes that are capable of cleaving gluten, with special emphasis on the immunogenic domains. Bacteria were obtained by a selective culturing approach and enzyme activities were characterized by: (i) hydrolysis of paranitr…
Virtual Combinatorial Syntheses and Computational Screening of New Potential Anti-Herpes Compounds
1999
The activity of new anti-HSV-1 chemical structures, designed by virtual combinatorial chemical synthesis and selected by a computational screening, is determined by an in vitro assay. A virtual library of phenol esters and anilides was formed from two databases of building blocks: one with carbonyl fragments and the other containing both substituted phenoxy and phenylamino fragments. The library of virtually assembled compounds was computationally screened, and those compounds which were selected by our mathematical model as active ones were finally synthesized and tested. Our antiviral activity model is a "tandem" of four linear functions of topological graph-theoretical descriptors. A giv…
Effectiveness of cyclosporine A in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in a real-life clinical setting in Italy: the TRANSITION study
2020
Background: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is one of the systemic therapeutic options for moderate-to-severe psoriasis, based on its efficacy and rapidity of action. The current study investigated the response to CsA in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Materials and Methods: TRANSITION was an observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study which evaluated the proportion of partial- and suboptimal-responders among patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis treated with continuous CsA for >= 12 weeks. Patients demonstrating a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) response of >= 90, >= 75 and <90, >= 50 and <75 and <50 were defined as responders, subopt…
Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis en France
2012
In Europe, France is located between high and low risk areas of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We estimated the national prevalence of MS in France on 31st October 2004 and the incidence between 2000 and 2007 based on data from the ‘Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés’ which insures 87% of the population. MS like other chronic diseases is one of the 30 long-term illnesses (Affections de Longue Durée, ALD). We analysed geographic variations in the prevalence and incidence of MS in France using the Bayesian approach.Total MS prevalence in France standardised for age was 94.7 per 100,000; 130.5 in women; 54.8 in men. The notification rate for MS (2000-2007) after age-stand…