Search results for " Polarization"

showing 10 items of 668 documents

Upper limits on the isotropic gravitational-wave background from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's third observing run

2021

We report results of a search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) using data from Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's third observing run (O3) combined with upper limits from the earlier O1 and O2 runs. Unlike in previous observing runs in the advanced detector era, we include Virgo in the search for the GWB. The results are consistent with uncorrelated noise, and therefore we place upper limits on the strength of the GWB. We find that the dimensionless energy density $\Omega_{\rm GW}\leq 5.8\times 10^{-9}$ at the 95% credible level for a flat (frequency-independent) GWB, using a prior which is uniform in the log of the strength of the GWB, with 99% of the sensitivity comi…

coalescencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)gravitation: modelAstronomypopulationAstrophysicspower spectrum01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPhysics Particles & FieldsGravitational wave backgroundbackground: magneticenergy: densitycorrelation functionLIGOQCPOPULATIONQBPhysicsSettore FIS/01education.field_of_studySpectral indexPhysicsstar-formation ratestatistical analysis: BayesianIsotropicSTAR-FORMATION RATE; BLACK-HOLE; MASS; COALESCENCE; POPULATION; EVOLUTION; RADIATION; PROSPECTSCOALESCENCEPhysical Sciences[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]LIGO; Virgo; isotropic gravitational-wave backgroundIsotropic gravitational wave backgrounds with LIGO and VirgoAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysicsgravitational radiation: polarizationdata analysis methodCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)black-holePopulationFOS: Physical sciencesGravitational Waves LIGO Virgo Stochastic Background IsotropicGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astronomy & AstrophysicsMASSSTAR-FORMATION RATEBinary black holebinary: coalescence0103 physical sciencesevolutionddc:530SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy2ND010306 general physicseducationGravitational Waves/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveVirgogravitational radiation: backgroundSpectral densityprospectsbinary: compactnoise: magneticLIGOEVOLUTIONisotropic gravitational-wave backgroundBlack holeradiationdetector: sensitivityPROSPECTSVIRGOpolarization: scalarblack hole: binaryGravitation Cosmology AstrophysicsBLACK-HOLEpolarization: vectorRADIATIONmassStochastic BackgroundDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Study of Σ(1385) and Ξ(1321) hyperon and antihyperon production in deep inelastic muon scattering

2013

Large samples of \Lambda, \Sigma(1385) and \Xi(1321) hyperons produced in deep-inelastic muon scattering off a ^6LiD target were collected with the COMPASS experimental setup at CERN. The relative yields of \Sigma(1385)^+, \Sigma(1385)^-, \bar{\Sigma}(1385)^-, \bar{\Sigma}(1385)^+, \Xi(1321)^-, and \bar{\Xi}(1321)^+ hyperons decaying into \Lambda(\bar{\Lambda})\pi were measured. The heavy hyperon to \Lambda and heavy antihyperon to \bar{\Lambda} yield ratios were found to be in the range 3.8% to 5.6% with a relative uncertainty of about 10%. They were used to tune the parameters relevant for strange particle production of the LEPTO Monte Carlo generator.

disParticle physicsStrange quarkdis; hyperon productionPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)diLambda01 natural sciencesCOMPASSHigh Energy Physics - Experimenthyperon production0103 physical sciencesCHARGED CURRENT INTERACTIONSCHARGED CURRENT INTERACTIONS; (LAMBDA)OVER-BAR POLARIZATION; COMPASS010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsGenerator (category theory)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHyperon(LAMBDA)OVER-BAR POLARIZATIONSigmaProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentBar (unit)
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Manipulation of antiferromagnetic domain distribution in Mn2 Au by ultrahigh magnetic fields and by strain

2017

Evidence for a spin reorientation in antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mn2Au thin films induced by high magnetic fields as well as by the application of in-plane mechanical stress is provided. The AFM domain population in the samples was investigated by resonant X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD) measurements at the L3 edge of Mn using a variable linear polarization of the incident photon beam. As grown samples show no XMLD signal due to averaging over a random AFM domain distribution. After the exposure to a 70 T in-plane magnetic field a clear XMLD signal indicating the generation of a preferential AFM domain orientation is obtained. The same type of XMLD signal is observed when the thin films …

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsLinear polarizationPopulation02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLinear dichroism01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldStress (mechanics)0103 physical sciencesAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials ScienceThin film010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyeducationSpin (physics)physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters
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Multiband variability studies and novel broadband SED modeling of Mrk 501 in 2009

2017

Astronomy and astrophysics 603, A31 (2017). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629540

extragalactic background lightmultiwavelength observationsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenabl-lacertae objectsGalaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501 ; Methods: data analysis ; observational ; Polarizationspectral energy-distributionFluxFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural scienceslaw.inventionindividual: Markarian 501 [BL Lacertae objects]lawCoincident0103 physical sciencesddc:530MAGIC (telescope)crab-nebulaBlazardata analysis [Methods]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)tev blazars010308 nuclear & particles physicsstochastic accelerationtelescope observationsInstitut für Physik und AstronomieAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and Astrophysicgamma-ray emissionmethods: data analysis520BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501; Methods: data analysisSynchrotrondata analysi [Methods]BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501; Methods: data analysis; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary ScienceBL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501x-raySpace and Planetary Scienceddc:520ElectrónicaFísica nuclearElectricidadDegeneracy (mathematics)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFlareBL Lac object
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Leading isospin breaking effects in the HVP contribution to $a_{\mu}$ and to the running of $\alpha$

2021

The 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021, Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 26 Jul 2021 - 30 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (LATTICE2021), 106 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.396.0106

fermion: WilsonWilson [fermion]muon: magnetic momentHigh Energy Physics::Latticevacuum polarization: hadronicHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologylattice field theorynonperturbative530isospinHigh Energy Physics - Latticeelectromagnetic [coupling]coupling: electromagneticmagnetic moment [muon]quantum chromodynamicshadronic [vacuum polarization]quantum electrodynamicsddc:530High Energy Physics::Experimentcorrelation function
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Forward light-by-light scattering and electromagnetic correction to hadronic vacuum polarization

2023

Lattice QCD calculations of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) have reached a precision where the electromagnetic (e.m.) correction can no longer be neglected. This correction is both computationally challenging and hard to validate, as it leads to ultraviolet (UV) divergences and to sizeable infrared (IR) effects associated with the massless photon. While we precisely determine the UV divergence using the operator-product expansion, we propose to introduce a separation scale $\Lambda\sim400\;$MeV into the internal photon propagator, whereby the calculation splits into a short-distance part, regulated in the UV by the lattice and in the IR by the scale $\Lambda$, and a UV-finite long-di…

hadronic contributionsNuclear and High Energy Physicsfusionmassless530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.HLAT] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]operator product expansionhadronicHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)vacuum polarizationultravioletquantum electrodynamicstree approximationphoton photonlattice[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]effectscatteringphotonscattering amplitudeHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)lattice field theory530 Physikradiative correctionssum rule[PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyelectromagneticfinite size[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]infrareddispersionlight-by-light scatteringpropagatorcorrectionJournal of High-Energy Physics
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Active lighting applied to three dimensional reconstruction of specular metallic surfaces by polarization imaging

2005

This thesis deals with a new automated tridimensional inspection system for specular metallic surfaces, based on polarization analysis. We first present an extension of the ‘Shape from Polarization' method for dielectric to metallic surfaces. After being reflected, an unpolarized light wave becomes partially linearly polarized, depending on the surface normal and on the refractive index of the media it impinges on. Hence, by measuring the polarization parameters of the reflected light, the surface normals are computed. The ambiguity concerning the normals orientation is solved here with a new active lighting system. Then, we describe and compare numerical methods for reconstructing the trid…

imagerie polarimétriqueéclairage actifacquisition tridimensionnellespecular metallic surfacesactive lighting systemshape from polarizationsurfaces métal- liques spéculaireschamp de normalestridimensional acquisitionheight from gradients[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
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Tolerance and M2 (alternative) macrophage polarization are related processes orchestrated by p50 nuclear factor {kappa}B.

2009

Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage play a central role in the orchestration and resolution of inflammation. Plasticity is a hallmark of mononuclear phagocytes, and in response to environmental signals these cells undergo different forms of polarized activation, the extremes of which are called classic or M1 and alternative or M2. NF-kappaB is a key regulator of inflammation and resolution, and its activation is subject to multiple levels of regulation, including inhibitory, which finely tune macrophage functions. Here we identify the p50 subunit of NF-kappaB as a key regulator of M2-driven inflammatory reactions in vitro and in vivo. p50 NF-kappaB inhibits NF-kappaB-driven, M1-polariz…

in vivoinflammationp50 NF-κB macrophage polarizationin vitroM1 (classic) macrophageM2 (alternative) macrophagep50 nuclear factor KappaB
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Characterization of high-temperature performance of cesium vapor cells with anti-relaxation coating

2017

© 2017 Author(s). Vapor cells with antirelaxation coating are widely used in modern atomic physics experiments due to the coating's ability to maintain the atoms' spin polarization during wall collisions. We characterize the performance of vapor cells with different coating materials by measuring longitudinal spin relaxation and vapor density at temperatures up to 95 °C. We infer that the spin-projection-noise-limited sensitivity for atomic magnetometers with such cells improves with temperature, which demonstrates the potential of antirelaxation coated cells in applications of future high-sensitivity magnetometers.

inorganic chemicalsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)MagnetometerAnalytical chemistryFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomyengineering.material01 natural sciences7. Clean energyphysics.atom-phMathematical Scienceslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticsEngineeringCoatinglaw0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsSpin relaxationApplied PhysicsPhysicsVapour densitySpin polarizationRelaxation (NMR)Cesium vaporCharacterization (materials science)Physical SciencesengineeringAtomic physics
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All polarization-maintaining assively mode-locked yb-doped fiber laser : pulse compression using an anomalous polarization-maintaining photonic cryst…

2019

We report the generation of short pulses at 1 μm using an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber configuration. The pulses are provided by an all normal-dispersion Fabry-Perot Yb-doped cavity and are compressed with an anomalous polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM PCF). Opposed to standard configurations; here the filtering action is solely performed by the finite bandwidth of the gain medium. The laser generates 8 ps width sech 2 profile pulses at 1046.8 nm with a −10 dB bandwidth of 5.9 nm. After compression using the PM PCF, pulses with an FWHM of 3 ps were obtained, limited by the actual value of the available anomalous dispersion. We also report the changes in the outp…

lcsh:Applied optics. PhotonicsActive laser mediumMaterials sciencecavity resonatorsphotonic crystal fibers.FIBRA OPTICA02 engineering and technologyoptical fiber polarization01 natural sciencespolarization maintaininglaw.invention010309 opticsINDUSTRIA DE LA COMUNICACION020210 optoelectronics & photonicslaw:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Fiber laser0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:QC350-467Electrical and Electronic EngineeringTELECOMUNICACIONESbusiness.industryFiber laserUNESCO::FÍSICATECNOLOGIA DE LA COMUNICACIONlcsh:TA1501-1820laser mode lockingPolarization (waves)Laseroptical fiber dispersionAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfiber lasersFull width at half maximumdissipative solitonsPulse compressionLÁSEROptoelectronicsbusinesslcsh:Optics. LightPhotonic-crystal fiber
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