Search results for " Positive"
showing 10 items of 397 documents
Efficient on-the-fly Web bot detection
2021
Abstract A large fraction of traffic on present-day Web servers is generated by bots — intelligent agents able to traverse the Web and execute various advanced tasks. Since bots’ activity may raise concerns about server security and performance, many studies have investigated traffic features discriminating bots from human visitors and developed methods for automated traffic classification. Very few previous works, however, aim at identifying bots on-the-fly, trying to classify active sessions as early as possible. This paper proposes a novel method for binary classification of streams of Web server requests in order to label each active session as “bot” or “human”. A machine learning appro…
Differential inclusions involving normal cones of nonregular sets in Hilbert spaces
2017
This thesis is dedicated to the study of differential inclusions involving normal cones of nonregular sets in Hilbert spaces. In particular, we are interested in the sweeping process and its variants. The sweeping process is a constrained differential inclusion involving normal cones which appears naturally in several applications such as elastoplasticity, electrical circuits, hysteresis, crowd motion, etc.This work is divided conceptually in three parts: Study of positively alpha-far sets, existence results for differential inclusions involving normal cones and characterizations of Lyapunov pairs for the sweeping process. In the first part (Chapter 2), we investigate the class of positivel…
Qu'est-ce que les bandes enherbées? conséquences environnementales et biologiques
2009
National audience
Les politiques de discrimination positive en France et à l'étranger
2000
International audience; Ce texte présente de façon succincte les politiques de discrimination positive mises en place en France et dans quelques autres pays (Etats Unis, Pays Bas, Royaume Uni). Il examine les fondements de ces politiques en termes de philosophie politique, puis ce que la recherche empirique indique, dans ces pays, sur les modalités de leur mise en oeuvre et leur efficacité. Il se conclut par une évocation rapide des tendances qui y affectent aujourd'hui leurs modes de pilotage.
Appréhender les inégalités dans et par l'enseignement supérieur : spécificité des mesures, spécificité des processus ?
2009
To assess social inequalities in higher education often appears as a straightforward issue: as a routine and as at the previous levels of education, one compares the diverse social groups' rates of access (or the rates of success) and any difference will be considered as an inequality... That will induce, sometimes, implementing some programs of positive discrimination. However, especially because higher education is the "final" stage of schooling careers, any analysis focusing on that level requires some specific reflection about how to assess social inequalities, with some political implications. This note raises some interrogations, both methodological and more theoretical (or political)…
L'école, l'état des savoirs
2000
L'école constitue aujourd'hui plus que jamais un des enjeux majeurs de l'action politique et occupe une place importante dans les débats publics. L'efficacité du système scolaire, sa capacité d'intégration, son organisation, l'orientation des contenus d'enseignement, la formation et les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants font l'objet de multiples critiques et propositions émanant de tous les bords. Cet ouvrage collectif, accessible aux non-spécialistes, a pour ambition d'éclairer ces débats. Rassemblant près de cinquante contributions, il présente un état des savoirs le plus complet possible sur la situation de l'école française.On y trouvera une analyse des différents réseaux, niveaux …
Clinical and MRI measures to identify non-acute MOG-antibody disease in adults
2022
Abstract MRI and clinical features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody disease may overlap with those of other inflammatory demyelinating conditions posing diagnostic challenges, especially in non-acute phases and when serologic testing for MOG antibodies is unavailable or shows uncertain results. We aimed to identify MRI and clinical markers that differentiate non-acute MOG-antibody disease from aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-antibody neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, guiding in the identification of patients with MOG-antibody disease in clinical practice. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, data from 16 MAGNIMS centres were i…
Targeting the Sortase A Transpeptidase to Tackle Gram-positive Pathogens
2013
The virulence factors include the cell-wall associated proteins called MSCRAMMs (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) that can promote the adhesion to host proteins, for example, the fibronectin that is very common in host tissues. The cellwall associated proteins are necessary for host colonization, invasion, immune evasion and biofilm formation [4]. The biofilms, multistratified bacterial communities that grow on a biological or artificial surface, are responsible for chronic infectious diseases and for device or biomaterial associated infections, and are more resistant to host immune defence system and to conventional antibiotics [5].
Signal processing procedures for the evaluation of the cardiovascular effects in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
2002
A new index, the cross-power index (CPI), is proposed to quantify the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in terms of its cardiovascular effects. On the basis of the influences that recurring drops in oxygen saturation have on systolic blood pressure variability of OSAS patients, CPI is defined as the integral of the cross-spectrum modulus between systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation. In a test group of 22 subjects, CPI correctly identified all 15 OSAS patients included in the pool. Moreover, evaluation of CPI in six OSAS patients sleeping with and without a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) device demonstrated that CPAP treatment substantially reduced the …
Effectiveness of mandibular advancement appliances in treating obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A systematic review
2015
Objectives/Hypothesis Mandibular advancement devices are an alternative to continuous positive airway pressure for patients with mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). The main aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of different devices in treating OSAHS, based on polysomnographic measurements such as the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation, and on changes in the upper airway and improvements in the most common symptoms: snoring and somnolence. Their adverse effects were also noted. Study Design Systematic review. Methods Following an exhaustive search in the Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, 22 articles published in the p…