Search results for " Process"

showing 10 items of 17204 documents

Measuring spectrally-resolved information transfer.

2020

Information transfer, measured by transfer entropy, is a key component of distributed computation. It is therefore important to understand the pattern of information transfer in order to unravel the distributed computational algorithms of a system. Since in many natural systems distributed computation is thought to rely on rhythmic processes a frequency resolved measure of information transfer is highly desirable. Here, we present a novel algorithm, and its efficient implementation, to identify separately frequencies sending and receiving information in a network. Our approach relies on the invertible maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for the creation of surrogate data in t…

0301 basic medicineDiscrete wavelet transformInformation transferComputer scienceEntropyInformation Theory0302 clinical medicineWaveletMathematical and Statistical TechniquesMedicine and Health SciencesBiology (General)Wavelet TransformsTemporal cortexMammalsEcologySystems BiologyApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingPhysicsWavelet transformMagnetoencephalographyEukaryotaBrainSignal FilteringComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationPhysical SciencesVertebratesThermodynamicsEngineering and TechnologyWavelet transforms ; Algorithms ; Magnetoencephalography ; Information entropy ; Signal filtering ; Ferrets ; Permutation ; EntropyAnatomyAlgorithmInformation EntropyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesQH301-705.5PermutationWavelet AnalysisPrefrontal CortexResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGeneticsEntropy (information theory)AnimalsHumansInformation flow (information theory)Molecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDiscrete MathematicsFerretsOrganismsBiology and Life Sciences030104 developmental biologyCombinatoricsSignal ProcessingAmniotesTransfer entropyZoologyMathematical Functions030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsPLoS computational biology
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Dynamic coarse-graining fills the gap between atomistic simulations and experimental investigations of mechanical unfolding

2017

We present a dynamic coarse-graining technique that allows to simulate the mechanical unfolding of biomolecules or molecular complexes on experimentally relevant time scales. It is based on Markov state models (MSM), which we construct from molecular dynamics simulations using the pulling coordinate as an order parameter. We obtain a sequence of MSMs as a function of the discretized pulling coordinate, and the pulling process is modeled by switching among the MSMs according to the protocol applied to unfold the complex. This way we cover seven orders of magnitude in pulling speed. In the region of rapid pulling we additionally perform steered molecular dynamics simulations and find excellen…

0301 basic medicineDiscretizationGeneral Physics and AstronomyMarkov processFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesMolecular dynamicssymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesPhysics - Biological PhysicsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMarkov chainMolecular biophysicsBiomolecules (q-bio.BM)Function (mathematics)030104 developmental biologyQuantitative Biology - BiomoleculesOrders of magnitude (time)Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)FOS: Biological sciencessymbolsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Granularity
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The Brain, Mind and Electromagnetic Waves

2021

The functions of electromagnetic waves both as an information carrier and energy field in the impact on the human body have been discussed. Possible consequences of the effect of electromagnetic fields of different frequencies on the human brain and body have been addressed and commented on. The complex nature of electromagnetic phenomena revealed in interactions between humans and the environment, featuring the most relevant hazards, was demonstrated.

0301 basic medicineElectromagnetic fieldPhysicsElectromagnetic wavesElectromagnetic PhenomenaField (physics)BrainMindElectromagnetic radiation03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineElectromagnetic smogQuantum electrodynamics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEnergy (signal processing)
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Application of modern computer algebra systems in food formulations and development: A case study

2017

Abstract Background Nutritional security determines the level of public health within a population while inadequate nutrition is one of the major factors in development of various health problems. This can be alleviated with sufficient and affordable access to currently available or newly designed nutritious foods. Scope and approach Formulation of new foods can be very costly, so methods able to lower design expanses are of utmost importance to the industry. Hence, the purpose of this work was to rationalize utilization of modern computerized algebraic systems (CAS) in solving traditional problems for formulating food mixtures by food combinatoric principles (FCP). Key findings and conclus…

0301 basic medicineEngineering[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyIndustrial production[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]PopulationFood combinatoric principles ; Food design of composite product ; Calculation of mixes ; Food formulation ; Computer algebra system ; PTC MathCAD03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyDevelopment (topology)Calculation of mixesProduction (economics)Operations management[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPTC MathCADeducation2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_study030109 nutrition & dieteticsScope (project management)Food combinatoric principlesbusiness.industryScale (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSymbolic computation040401 food scienceFood formulationRisk analysis (engineering)Key (cryptography)Computer algebra systemFood design of composite productbusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood ScienceBiotechnology
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Genetic and Epigenetic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer.

2021

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.04.042 Background & Aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC) may represent a distinct pathway of tumorigenesis compared to sporadic CRC (sCRC). Our aim was to comprehensively characterize IBD-associated tumorigenesis integrating multiple high-throughput approaches, and to compare the results with in-house data sets from sCRCs. Methods Whole-genome sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, RNA sequencing, genome-wide methylation analysis, and immunohistochemistry were performed using fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed tissue sam…

0301 basic medicineEpigenomicsMaleColorectal cancerDNA Mutational AnalysisPHENOTYPEmedicine.disease_causeEpigenesis GeneticPATHWAY0302 clinical medicineMUTATIONAL PROCESSESDRIVERSTumor MicroenvironmentFinlandOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisAged 80 and overDNA methylationMETHYLATIONGastroenterologyWnt signaling pathwaytulehdukselliset suolistosairaudetHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingMiddle AgedDNA-metylaatio3. Good healthCell Transformation NeoplasticepigenetiikkaDNA methylationCONSENSUS MOLECULAR SUBTYPES030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleconsensus molecular subtypeKRASgeneettiset tekijätAdultEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionINTESTINAL INFLAMMATIONConsensus Molecular Subtype3122 Cancersepithelial-mesenchymal transitioncolorectal cancersuolistosyövätBiology3121 Internal medicinePolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesinflammatory bowel diseaseCOLONAXIN2medicineBiomarkers TumorHumansEpithelial–mesenchymal transitionEpigeneticsneoplasmsSIGNATURESAgedNeoplasm StagingColorectal CancerHepatologyWhole Genome SequencingSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingInflammatory Bowel DiseaseDNA Methylationmedicine.diseaseInflammatory Bowel DiseasesEVOLUTIONdigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyMutationCancer research3111 BiomedicineColitis-Associated NeoplasmsNeoplasm GradingCarcinogenesisTranscriptomeGastroenterology
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Single-cell trajectories reconstruction, exploration and mapping of omics data with STREAM

2019

Single-cell transcriptomic assays have enabled the de novo reconstruction of lineage differentiation trajectories, along with the characterization of cellular heterogeneity and state transitions. Several methods have been developed for reconstructing developmental trajectories from single-cell transcriptomic data, but efforts on analyzing single-cell epigenomic data and on trajectory visualization remain limited. Here we present STREAM, an interactive pipeline capable of disentangling and visualizing complex branching trajectories from both single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic data. We have tested STREAM on several synthetic and real datasets generated with different single-cell techno…

0301 basic medicineEpigenomicsMultifactor Dimensionality ReductionComputer scienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyOmics dataMyoblastsMiceSingle-cell analysisGATA1 Transcription FactorMyeloid CellsLymphocyteslcsh:ScienceData processingMultidisciplinaryQGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalRNA sequencingCell DifferentiationGenomics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyData processingDNA-Binding ProteinsInterferon Regulatory FactorsSingle-Cell Analysis0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmsOmics technologiesSignal TransductionLineage differentiationScienceComputational biologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticle03 medical and health sciencesErythroid CellsAnimalsCell LineageGeneral Chemistrydevelopmental trajectories visualizationHematopoietic Stem CellsPipeline (software)Visualization030104 developmental biologyTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESCellular heterogeneitySingle cell analysilcsh:QGene expressionTranscriptomeTranscription FactorsNature Communications
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Biophysics of high density nanometer regions extracted from super-resolution single particle trajectories: application to voltage-gated calcium chann…

2019

AbstractThe cellular membrane is very heterogenous and enriched with high-density regions forming microdomains, as revealed by single particle tracking experiments. However the organization of these regions remain unexplained. We determine here the biophysical properties of these regions, when described as a basin of attraction. We develop two methods to recover the dynamics and local potential wells (field of force and boundary). The first method is based on the local density of points distribution of trajectories, which differs inside and outside the wells. The second method focuses on recovering the drift field that is convergent inside wells and uses the transient field to determine the…

0301 basic medicineField (physics)1.1 Normal biological development and functioningHigh densityBoundary (topology)lcsh:Medicine32 Biomedical and Clinical SciencesLocal field potentialArticleQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesComputational biophysics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSingle-molecule biophysics1 Underpinning researchlcsh:SciencePhysicsMultidisciplinary3208 Medical PhysiologyVoltage-dependent calcium channelFOS: Clinical medicinelcsh:RNeurosciencesScientific data030104 developmental biologyParticleNanometrelcsh:QBiological systemBiological physics51 Physical Sciences030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEnergy (signal processing)
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Numerical Treatment of the Filament-Based Lamellipodium Model (FBLM)

2017

We describe in this work the numerical treatment of the Filament-Based Lamellipodium Model (FBLM). This model is a two-phase two-dimensional continuum model, describing the dynamics of two interacting families of locally parallel F-actin filaments. It includes, among others, the bending stiffness of the filaments, adhesion to the substrate, and the cross-links connecting the two families. The numerical method proposed is a Finite Element Method (FEM) developed specifically for the needs of this problem. It is comprised of composite Lagrange–Hermite two-dimensional elements defined over a two-dimensional space. We present some elements of the FEM and emphasize in the numerical treatment of t…

0301 basic medicineFinite element spaceNumerical analysisPiecewise constant approximationMechanicsFinite element methodQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesPiecewise linear functionProtein filament03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineClassical mechanics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBending stiffnessLamellipodiumMathematics
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Intensive aquaculture selects for increased virulence and interference competition in bacteria

2016

Although increased disease severity driven by intensive farming practices is problematic in food production, the role of evolutionary change in disease is not well understood in these environments. Experiments on parasite evolution are traditionally conducted using laboratory models, often unrelated to economically important systems. We compared how the virulence, growth and competitive ability of a globally important fish pathogen, Flavobacterium columnare , change under intensive aquaculture. We characterized bacterial isolates from disease outbreaks at fish farms during 2003–2010, and compared F. columnare populations in inlet water and outlet water of a fish farm during the 2010 outbre…

0301 basic medicineFish farmingPopulationevoluutioVirulenceDiseaseBiologyFlavobacteriumGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyFish DiseasesFlavobacterium columnare03 medical and health sciencesAquacultureFlavobacteriaceae InfectionsevolutionAnimalsSelection Geneticeducationvesiviljely (kalatalous)FinlandResearch ArticlesGeneral Environmental ScienceExperimental evolutioneducation.field_of_studyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyEcologyIntensive farmingbusiness.industryta1183virulenssiGeneral MedicineBiological Evolutionvirulence030104 developmental biologyaquaculturePerchesFood processingMicrobial Interactionsta1181General Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessSalmonidaefish farmingpathogen
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Norovirus: The Burden of the Unknown

2018

Human noroviruses (HNoVs) are primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route, either by person-to-person contact, or by ingestion of contaminated food or water as well as by aerosolization. Moreover, HNoVs significantly contribute to foodborne diseases being the causative agent of one-fifth of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. As a consequence of globalization, transnational outbreaks of foodborne infections are reported with increasing frequency. Therefore, in this review, state-of-the-art information regarding molecular procedures for human norovirus detection in food as well common food processing technologies have been summarized. Besides, the purpose of this chapter is to consolidate bas…

0301 basic medicineFood industrybusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiology030106 microbiologyOutbreakAcute gastroenteritismedicine.disease_cause03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthFood processingNorovirusmedicineIngestionbusinessAerosolizationContaminated food
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