Search results for " Reference"

Overview of methods used to evaluate the adequacy of nutrient intakes for individuals and populations

2009

The objective of the present paper is to review the methods of measuring micronutrient intake adequacy for individuals and for populations in order to ascertain best practice. A systematic review was conducted to locate studies on the methodological aspects of measuring nutrient adequacy. The results showed that for individuals, qualitative methods (to find probability of adequacy) and quantitative methods (to find confidence of adequacy) have been proposed for micronutrients where there is enough data to set an average nutrient requirement (ANR). If micronutrients do not have ANR, an adequate intake (AI) is often defined and can be used to assess adequacy, provided the distribution of dail…

Risk Management Era in European Credit Institutions: Predictable Mutation in XXI Century

2014

Abstract In the market economy, globalization, liberalization and diversification of financial markets, fierce competition between the credit institutions and many of the products and services offered by them are the main factors that have exposed the banking sector to new risks, while leading to multiple challenges. For these reasons it is becoming increasingly important both permanent innovation and risk management techniques tools as well as banking performance. Only a pertinent analysis and a very good knowledge of the new tendencies in banking financial risk management can provide credit institutions in Romania efficient options on their use of management, while obtaining a higher prof…

Development of a European consensus from dentists, dental hygienists and physicians on a standard for oral health care in care-dependent older people…

2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed to obtain a consensus on oral health policy, access to dental care, oral hygiene measures and training levels.BackgroundPoor oral health is widespread in care-dependent older people, but no consensus for a minimum standard of oral health care exists yet.MethodsThe e-Delphi approach was applied to a selected panel of interdisciplinary experts. Data analysis was based on three measurements: (a) ≥70% of experts’ opinion fall into category “agree or strongly agree,” (b) median score on the 5-point Likert scale ≥4, (c) interquartile range ≤1.ResultsA total of 31 experts from 17 European countries participated in this survey. Agreement was achieved for a compulsory dent…

Can Do and Cannot Do – CEFR inspired examination and assessment in a Swedish higher education context

2018

The focus in this paper is on the introduction and implementation of learning outcomes based on the descriptors in the Common European Framework of References for Languages (CEFR). It discusses reaction to the introduction by teacher educators as well as the influence on teacher assessment practice in courses for prospective teachers of English as a foreign language. The paper presents some of the results from a case study concerning changes made in connection with the Bologna process in a department of education within a university college in Sweden. The results show that the adoption of the CEFR descriptors was contested and had a minimal influence on assessment practice. The aim of the p…

The European sTANDEM project for certification in medical English: standards, acceptability and transgression(s)

2014

In the global world of international communication, employers or institutions that wish to determine the language skills of non-native speakers of English usually turn to generalist proficiency tests such as the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) or the slightly more business-oriented TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication). These tests enable test takers to certify that they have reached a certain level in skills needed in everyday life and, sometimes, workplace situations, but they do not assess language skills for specific purposes.Aware of this vacuum, a consortium of European teachers/researchers and international experts in the domain of medical English unde…

Assessment of Intake of Nicotinic Acid and Nicotinamide in Relation to Tolerable Upper Intake Levels

2018

Kultūras atsauču atveide audiovizuālajos tulkojumos

2022

Šajā darbā tiek pētīta kultūras atsauču atveide audiovizuālajos tulkojumos (AVT). Šajā pētījumā tiek izmantotas lingvistiskā satura analīze, kontrastīvā analīze un multimodālā diskursa analīze. Pētījuma korpusu veido kultūras atsauces, atklātas animācijas filmās "Šreks". Atsauces tika iedalītas reālajās un intertekstuālajās atsaucēs. Korpusa izpēte parādīja, ka animācijas filmās "Šreks" atrodamo kultūras atsauču atveidē izmantotas 14 tulkošanas stratēģijas, no kurām visbiežāk tika izmantotas svītrošanas, adaptācijas un vispārināšanas stratēģijas. Vairumā gadījumu oriģinālā esošās kultūras atsauces tulkojumā netika saglabātas: tās tika izsvītrotas, kontekstuāli vai funkcionāli aizstātas, mod…

Riferibilità dei contatori statici di energia reattiva in presenza di armoniche. Evoluzione normativa e prove sperimentali

2013

Traceability of static reactive energy meters in the presence of harmonics: theoretical considerations and a DAQ-based reference meter

2013

This paper deals with some problems related to the measurements traceability with static meters for reactive energy. These problems arise when the meters operate in the presence of harmonics, which can negatively affect their performances, depending on implemented metric. The paper analyzes the problem in the light of both in-force and draft standards, from the viewpoint of the performances of both commercial meters and reference standard instruments. The analysis is supported by some experimental tests, which are carried out by means of a reference meter, based on data acquisition boards, which can be used in both sinusoidal and distorted conditions.

Optimization of Delayed-State Kalman-Filter-based Algorithm via Differential Evolution for Sensorless Control of Induction Motors

2010

This paper proposes the employment of the differential evolution (DE) to offline optimize the covariance matrices of a new reduced delayed-state Kalman-filter (DSKF)-based algorithm which estimates the stator-flux linkage components, in the stationary reference frame, to realize sensorless control of induction motors (IMs). The DSKF-based algorithm uses the derivatives of the stator-flux components as mathematical model and the stator-voltage equations as observation model so that only a vector of four variables has to be offline optimized. Numerical results, carried out using a low-speed training test, show that the proposed DE-based approach is very promising and clearly outperforms a cla…