Search results for " Regulation"

showing 10 items of 3187 documents

Creating a conditional mutation of Wnt-1 by antisense transgenesis provides evidence that Wnt-1 is not essential for spermatogenesis.

1993

We have used mice transgenic for an antisense construct for Wnt-1 to study the role of this gene in post-meiotic sperm development. The human PGK-2 promoter provided levels of Wnt-1 antisense mRNA in testes in 5 transgenic lines greatly in excess of Wnt-1 mRNA concentrations, and Wnt-1 mRNA levels were greatly decreased in the lines, by 98% in three of them. There was a general correlation between copy number of the insert, levels of antisense RNA, and decreases in mRNA. There was little effect of the antisense transgene on fertility or testicular histology suggesting that normal levels of Wnt-1 transcript are not essential for spermatogenesis.

MaleTransgeneRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataMice Inbred StrainsMice TransgenicWnt1 ProteinBiologyMiceProto-Oncogene ProteinsGene expressionTestisGeneticsAnimalsRNA AntisenseRNA MessengerPromoter Regions GeneticSpermatogenesisRegulation of gene expressionMice KnockoutMessenger RNABase SequenceWnt signaling pathwayRNACell BiologyZebrafish ProteinsMolecular biologyAntisense RNATransgenesisMice Inbred C57BLWnt ProteinsPhosphoglycerate KinaseFertilityGene Expression RegulationOrgan SpecificityDevelopmental BiologyDevelopmental genetics
researchProduct

2-Methoxyestradiol confers neuroprotection and inhibits a maladaptive HIF-1α response after traumatic brain injury in mice

2014

HIF-1α is pivotal for cellular homeostasis in response to cerebral ischemia. Pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α may reduce secondary brain damage by targeting post-translational mechanisms associated with its proteasomal degradation and nuclear translocation. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), the involved HIF-1α-dependent response, and alternative splicing in exon 14 of HIF-1α (HIF-1α∆Ex14) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Intraperitoneal 2ME2 administration 30 min after TBI caused a dose-dependent reduction in secondary brain damage after 24 h. 2ME2 was physiologically tolerated, showed no effects on immune cell brain migration, and …

MaleTraumatic brain injuryBlotting WesternIschemiaCellular homeostasisBrain damagePharmacologyBiologyBiochemistryNeuroprotectionBrain IschemiaMitochondrial ProteinsMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1medicineAnimalsCell NucleusNeuronsEstradiolTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAlternative splicingMembrane ProteinsExonsHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 alpha Subunitmedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryUp-RegulationMice Inbred C57BLAlternative SplicingProtein TransportNeuroprotective AgentsGene Expression RegulationchemistryBrain InjuriesPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1Tumor necrosis factor alphamedicine.symptomNeuroscienceInjections IntraperitonealSubcellular FractionsJournal of Neurochemistry
researchProduct

Anaplastic Wilms' tumour, a subtype displaying poor prognosis, harbours p53 gene mutations

1994

The genetics of Wilms' tumour (WT), a paediatric malignancy of the kidney, is complex. Inactivation of the tumour suppressor gene, WT1, is associated with tumour aetiology in approximately 10-15% of WTs. Chromosome 17p changes have been noted in cytogenetic studies of WTs, prompting us to screen 140 WTs for p53 mutations. When histopathology reports were available, p53 mutations were present in eight of eleven anaplastic WTs, a tumour subtype associated with poor prognosis. Amplification of MDM2, a gene whose product binds and sequesters p53, was excluded. Our results indicate that p53 alterations provide a molecular marker for anaplastic WTs.

MaleTumor suppressor geneDNA Mutational AnalysisMolecular Sequence DataGene mutationBiologyMalignancymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionWilms TumorProto-Oncogene ProteinsGeneticsmedicineHumansAmino Acid SequenceGeneAllelesMutationBase SequencefungiNuclear ProteinsCell DifferentiationProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2Wilms' tumorGenes p53Prognosismedicine.diseaseKidney NeoplasmsNeoplasm ProteinsGene Expression Regulation Neoplasticbody regionsGenetic markerbiology.proteinCancer researchMdm2FemaleTumor Suppressor Protein p53Nature Genetics
researchProduct

Influence of vitamin A status on the regulation of uridine (5′-)diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 and UGT1A6 expression by L-triiodothyro…

2001

The uridine (5′-)diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) are involved in the phase II of various xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. They are responsible for glucuronidation of many substrates, especially including bilirubin (UGT1A1) and phenolic compounds (UGT1A6). We previously showed that the expression of both isoforms is regulated at the transcriptional level by thyroid hormone in rat liver. In this present study, effects of vitamin A dietary intake (0, 1.72, 69 ug retinol acetate/g food) on the regulation of UGT1A1 and UGT1A6 activity and expression by 3,5,3′ triiodo-L-THYRONINE (l-T3) were examined in the same organ. Activities were determined toward bilirubin and 4-nitrophenol.…

MaleUGT1A6Vitaminmedicine.medical_specialtyGlucuronosyltransferaseTriiodothyronine ReverseCellular detoxificationGlucuronidationMedicine (miscellaneous)digestive systemchemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerGlucuronosyltransferaseRats WistarVitamin ANutrition and DieteticsTriiodothyroninebiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRetinolRatsEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationLiverchemistryMicrosomes Liverbiology.proteinHormoneBritish Journal of Nutrition
researchProduct

HIF-1α and HIF-2α Are Differentially Regulated In vivo in Neuroblastoma: High HIF-1α Correlates Negatively to Advanced Clinical Stage and Tumor Vascu…

2009

Abstract Purpose: Hypoxia is considered to be a major driving force behind tumor angiogenesis. The stabilization and activation at hypoxia of the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α and the concomitant induction of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other proangiogenic factors provide a molecular frame for hypoxia-driven tumor angiogenesis. This study has investigated how HIF and VEGF protein levels relate to each other with regard to vascularization, tumor stage, and overall survival in neuroblastoma. Experimental Design: Tissue cores taken from tumor specimens representing 93 children with neuroblastoma were arranged on a microarray and stained for HIF-1α,…

MaleVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ACD31Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBiologyModels BiologicalNeovascularizationchemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoNeoplasmsNeuroblastomaBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsmedicineHumansHypoxiaRegulation of gene expressionNeovascularization PathologicInfantCancerHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 alpha Subunitmedicine.diseaseGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticPlatelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Vascular endothelial growth factorTreatment OutcomeHIF1AOncologychemistryChild PreschoolCancer researchFemalemedicine.symptomClinical Cancer Research
researchProduct

Effects of massage on the expression of proangiogenic markers in rat skin

2018

Introduction. Massage is a physiotherapeutic treatment, commonly used in both therapy and restoration of normal body functions. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of skin massage on stimulating the expression of angiogenesis-initiating factors, i.e. VEGF-A, FGF-2 (bFGF) and CD34 and on skin regeneration processes. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 48 Buffalo strain rats, randomly divided into two groups. In the first group (M, the massaged group), massage was applied five times a week for 7 weeks. In the second study group (C, the control group), the massage was omitted. Massage consisted of spiral movements at the plantar surface of skin for 5 min on each rear…

MaleVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AskinHistologyCD34FGF-2massageReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction01 natural sciencesVEGF-APathology and Forensic MedicineAndrology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDownregulation and upregulationGene expressionMedicineAnimalsHumansRegenerationratCell ProliferationMessenger RNAMassageintegumentary systembiology010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryRegeneration (biology)General MedicineImmunohistochemistry0104 chemical sciencesRatsqPCRGene Expression Regulation030220 oncology & carcinogenesisKi-67biology.proteinImmunohistochemistryKi-67Fibroblast Growth Factor 2CD34businessBiomarkersIHCFolia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
researchProduct

Presence of Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Their Modification in Rat Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus During Resistance…

2013

Summary Many studies have demonstrated the physiological effects of oxytocin (OT), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and vasopressin (VP) in the homoeostasis of body fluids during physical exercise. However, a little information is available about the related immunohistochemical changes in hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system during and after the training. The aim of the present work was to study the immunohistochemical changes in OT, ANP and VP levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus during and after resistance exercise protocol. Three groups of Wistar rats were trained by a rung ladder protocol for 15, 30 and 45 days, respectively; a fourth group was left to rest for…

MaleVasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyVasopressinsPeriod (gene)Physical exerciseOxytocinAtrial natriuretic peptidePhysical Conditioning AnimalInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRats WistarNeuronsBody fluidGeneral Veterinarybusiness.industryOxytocin vasopressinANPbrainResistance TrainingGeneral MedicineRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationOxytocinsense organsbusinessNucleusAtrial Natriuretic Factorhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHomeostasisParaventricular Hypothalamic Nucleusmedicine.drugAnatomia, Histologia, Embryologia
researchProduct

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-based vectors with engineered murine tropism express the rotavirus VP7 protein and immunize mice against r…

2011

A coronavirus vector based on the genome of the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) expressing the rotavirus VP7 protein was constructed to immunize and protect against rotavirus infections in a murine model. The tropism of this TGEV-derived vector was modified by replacing the spike S protein with the homologous protein from mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). The rotavirus gene encoding the VP7 protein was cloned into the coronavirus cDNA. BALB/c and STAT1-deficient mice were inoculated with the recombinant viral vector rTGEVS-MHV-VP7, which replicates in the intestine and spreads to other organs such as liver, spleen and lungs. TGEV-specific antibodies were detected in all the in…

MaleViral vectorsRotavirusSwinevirusesRecombinant virusmedicine.disease_causeAntibodies ViralVirus ReplicationMice0302 clinical medicinefluids and secretionsRotavirusAntigens ViralCoronavirus0303 health sciencesMice Inbred BALB CProtectionvirus diseases3. Good healthAnimals SucklingSTAT1 Transcription FactorRNA ViralFemaleGenetic EngineeringGene Expression Regulation ViralDiarrheaBiologyTropismArticleRotavirus InfectionsMicrobiologyViral vectorCell Line03 medical and health sciencesMouse hepatitis virusVirologymedicineAnimalsTropism030304 developmental biologyTransmissible gastroenteritis virusRotavirus Vaccinesbiology.organism_classificationVirologyImmunizationViral replicationCapsid ProteinsImmunity Maternally-Acquired030215 immunology
researchProduct

Vitamin E deficiency induces liver nuclear factor-κB DNA-binding activity and changes in related genes

2005

The biological functions of vitamin E have been classically attributed to its property as a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in cellular membranes. However, in 1991, Azzi's group first described that alpha-tocopherol inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent way, demonstrating a non-antioxidant cell signalling function for vitamin E. More recently, the capacity of alpha-tocopherol to modulate gene expression with the implication of different transcription factors, beyond its antioxidant properties, has also been established. This study was to determine the effect of vitamin E-deficiency on liver nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) DNA-binding activ…

MaleVitaminChromatin ImmunoprecipitationGlutamate-Cysteine Ligasemedicine.medical_treatmentBlotting WesternBiologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCyclin D1CyclinsMalondialdehydemedicineAnimalsVitamin EVitamin E DeficiencyRNA MessengerRats WistarTranscription factorVitamin EBody WeightNF-kappa BPromoterDNAGeneral MedicineCell cycleGlutathioneRatsCell biologyGene Expression RegulationLiverBiochemistrychemistryVitamin E deficiencyChromatin immunoprecipitationFree Radical Research
researchProduct

The pattern of histone H4 acetylation on the X chromosome during spermatogenesis of the desert locustSchistocerca gregaria

1996

We have used antibodies directed against histone H4 acetylated at lysine residue 5, 8, 12, or 16 and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy to probe chromosomes from spermatogonia and spermatocytes of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. The autosomes showed bright overall fluorescence, indicative of high levels of H4 acetylation. In contrast, the X chromosome, which is facultatively heterochromatic during spermatogenesis of the locust, remained completely unstained in spermatogonia and secondary spermatocytes and showed only a small terminal fluorescent band in primary spermatocytes. This band probably corresponds to centromere-associated constitutive heterochromatin. Thus, underacety…

MaleX ChromosomeHeterochromatinGrasshoppersBiologyHistonesHistone H4ProphaseGeneticsAnimalsConstitutive heterochromatinSpermatogenesisMolecular BiologyX chromosomeGeneticsGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalAcetylationGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationChromatinCell biologyMicroscopy ElectronMicroscopy Electron ScanningSchistocercaSpermatogenesisLocustBiotechnologyGenome
researchProduct