Search results for " Resolution"

showing 10 items of 1159 documents

Automatable sample fabrication process for pump-probe X-ray holographic imaging

2014

Soft X-ray holography is a recently developed imaging technique with sub-50 nm spatial resolution. Key advantages of this technique are magnetic and elemental sensitivity, compatibility with imaging at free electron laser facilities, and immunity to in-situ sample excitations and sample drift, which enables the reliable detection of relative changes between two images with a precision of a few nanometers. In X-ray holography, the main part of the experimental setup is integrated in the sample, which consequently requires a large number of fabrication steps. Here we present a generic design and an automatable fabrication process for samples suitable, and optimized for, efficient high resolut…

FabricationMaterials scienceImage qualityDynamic imagingHolographyComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHolography02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstruction01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesDigital image processing010306 general physicsImage resolutionLithographybusiness.industryEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisComputer-Aided DesignRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted0210 nano-technologybusinessOptics Express
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Method to Remedy Image Degradations Due to Facet Braiding in 3D Integral-Imaging Monitors

2010

One of the main challenges in 3D integral imaging (InI) is to overcome the limited depth of field of displayed 3D images. Although this limitation can be due to many factors, the phenomenon that produces the strongest deterioration of out-of-focus images is the facet braiding. In fact, the facet braiding is an essential problem, since InI 3D monitors are not feasible if the braiding problem is not solved. In this paper, we propose a very simple method for overcoming the facet braiding effect which is a serious limitation for realization of 3D TV based on InI. Hybrid experiments are presented to verify the theoretical analysis.

Facet (geometry)Integral imagingbusiness.industryComputer scienceIterative reconstructionCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsImage (mathematics)Computer visionDepth of fieldArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThree dimensional televisionbusinessRealization (systems)Image resolutionJournal of Display Technology
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The Lightfield Microscope Eyepiece

2021

Lightfield microscopy has raised growing interest in the last few years. Its ability to get three-dimensional information about the sample in a single shot makes it suitable for many applications in which time resolution is fundamental. In this paper we present a novel device, which is capable of converting any conventional microscope into a lightfield microscope. Based on the Fourier integral microscope concept, we designed the lightfield microscope eyepiece. This is coupled to the eyepiece port, to let the user exploit all the host microscope’s components (objective turret, illumination systems, translation stage, etc.) and get a 3D reconstruction of the sample. After the optical design, …

FiMicMicroscopeComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONTP1-1185Translation (geometry)BiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionEyepieceOpticslawlightfield eyepieceMicroscopyplenoptic eyepieceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationLightingFourier integral microscopeMicroscopylightfield microscopybusiness.industryCommunicationChemical technology3D reconstructionSingle shotTime resolutionSample (graphics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsÒptica Aparells i instrumentsMicroscòpia3D microscopybusinessSensors
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Future use of silicon photomultipliers for Kaos at MAMI and P¯ANDA at FAIR

2009

A characterisation of scintillating fibres with silicon photomultiplier read-out was performed in view of their possible application in fibre tracking detector systems. Such a concept is being considered for the Kaos spectrometer at the Mainz Microtron MAMI and as a time-of-flight start detector for the hypernuclear physics programme at the PANDA experiment of the FAIR project. Results on particle detection effciency and time resolution are discussed. In summary, the silicon devices are very suitable for the detection of the low light yield from scintillating fibres insofar a trigger scheme is found to cope with the noise rate characteristics.

Fibre trackingPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsSiliconSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementTime resolutionInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)OpticsSilicon photomultiplierchemistryNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)KAOSNuclear ExperimentbusinessNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMicrotronNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Cardiac arrhythmias induced by an electrical stimulation at a cellular level

2008

To provide insights into the impulse propagation between cardiac myocytes, we performed studies of excitation spread with cellular resolution in confluent monolayers of cultured cardiomyocytes (CM). Multisite field potentials have been recorded using microelectrode arrays (MEA) technology in a basal condition and in proarrhythmic conditions induced by a high frequency electrical stimulation. The in vitro observation of spiral waves opens a new way to test the anti-arrhythmic drugs or strategies at cellular level.

Fibrillation0303 health sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyChemistry[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Stimulation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCellular level[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]03 medical and health sciencesMicroelectrode0302 clinical medicineCellular resolutionInternal medicinemedicineBiophysicsCardiologyMyocyte[NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]medicine.symptomComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology2008 Computers in Cardiology
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Bed Topography Reconstruction in a Large Amplitude Meandering Flume: Application of Close Range Photogrammetry

2014

Natural rivers are characterized by continuous variations in bed topography, especially along curved reaches. High resolution topographic data are necessary to analyze the mutual interactions between the downstream flow and the cross-stream flow, which determine the distribution of the bed-shear stress along the channel. Because of the difficulty in acquiring good and accurate data in rivers, the major part of studies have been conducted in laboratory flumes. This paper reports on a laboratory study in which the automatic digital photogrammetric survey was applied to derive the high-resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the bed topography in a large amplitude meandering flume. In order …

Flow (psychology)General EngineeringHigh resolutionbed topographyclose range photogrammetryGeodesymeandering channelSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaFlumeDSMPhotogrammetryAmplitudeClose range photogrammetrylaboratory flumeGeotechnical engineeringDigital surfaceSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E CartografiaGeologyCommunication channelAdvanced Materials Research
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Performance evaluation of a high resolution dedicated breast PET scanner

2016

Purpose: Early stage breast cancers may not be visible on a whole-body PET scan. To overcome whole-body PET limitations, several dedicated breast positron emission tomography (DbPET) systems have emerged nowadays aiming to improve spatial resolution. In this work the authors evaluate the performance of a high resolution dedicated breast PET scanner (Mammi-PET, Oncovision). Methods: Global status, uniformity, sensitivity, energy, and spatial resolution were measured. Spheres of different sizes (2.5, 4, 5, and 6 mm diameter) and various 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) activity concentrations were randomly inserted in a gelatine breast phantom developed at our institution. Several lesion-to-ba…

FluorodeoxyglucoseMaterials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryResolution (electron density)General MedicineIterative reconstructioncomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePositron emission tomographyVoxel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPet scannermedicineImage sensorNuclear medicinebusinesscomputerImage resolutionmedicine.drugMedical Physics
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Testing Ikonos and Landsat 7 ETM+ Potential for Stand-Level Forest Type Mapping by Soft Supervised Approaches

2003

Forest types can be adopted as a suitable reference for classifying survey units within multipurpose forest resources inventories, at the properly considered level. This kind of hierarchical classification approach integrates an ecologically meaningful per-habitat perspective with practical survey, planning and management requirements. Advanced remote sensing technologies can be valuable tools for a cost-effective implementation of such an approach. In the present paper, data from high (Landsat 7 ETM+) and very high (Ikonos) spatial resolution satellite sensors were tested to understand their potential contribution supporting stand-level forest type mapping under Mediterranean conditions. I…

Forest typeRemote sensing (archaeology)Computer scienceMaximum likelihoodPerspective (graphical)SatelliteSubpixel renderingImage resolutionFuzzy logicRemote sensing
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k-Space filtering in 2D gradient-echo breath-hold hyperpolarized3He MRI: Spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio considerations

2002

In this work some of the factors that can influence the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution in MR images of inhaled hyperpolarized gases are systematically addressed. In particular, the effects of RF depletion of longitudinal polarization and image gradient diffusion dephasing were assessed in terms of their contribution to a k-space filter. By means of theoretical simulations and a novel method of experimental validation using a variable transverse magnetization of the 1H signal, systematic quantitative and qualitative investigations of the effects of k-space filtering intrinsic to imaging of hyperpolarized gas were made. A 2D gradient-echo image is considered for a range of…

Fourier Analysisbusiness.industryChemistryDephasingk-spaceFilter (signal processing)Polarization (waves)HeliumMagnetic Resonance Imaginglaw.inventionOpticsNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopeslawImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCartesian coordinate systemHyperpolarization (physics)businessImage resolutionImage gradientMagnetic Resonance in Medicine
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First Specifications of a PSTM Working In the Infrared

1993

One of the most promising extension of the photon scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM) is its use as a locally resolved spectroscopic tool. The infrared (IR) spectral window offers a wide variety of interesting applications since many materials have a well-defined signature in this range. We have undertaken the experimental modifications that are necessary to operate the existing PSTM’s in the IR domain. In this work, we present preliminary data obtained with two IR light sources: an extended source (Globar type) and the free electron IR laser source (CLIO) available at LURE (Orsay). In both cases, the evanescent field has been detected with a fluoride glass optical fiber and the characteri…

Free electron modelTotal internal reflectionPhotonOptical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryInfraredlaw.inventionOpticslawGlobarScanning tunneling microscopeSpectral resolutionbusiness
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