Search results for " SEM"

The European semester in the North and in the South

2021

Macro-economic policy coordination remains a challenge in the EU. The European Semester was designed to help facilitate more coordination. In the area of wage policies, it encourages Germany and the Netherlands to support stronger wage growth, while Italy and Portugal have been told to exercise wage restraint. This paper analyses how domestic interest group politics influence how EU recommendations are received. Reflecting on the different growth models that underpin these four countries, we find that country-specific recommendations meet country-specific obstacles – independent of whether recommendations aim at increasing or reducing wages. Specifically, we observe that domestic actors suc…

Estimating Engel curves under unit and item nonresponse

2010

SUMMARY This paper estimates food Engel curves using data from the first wave of the Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Our statistical model simultaneously takes into account selectivity due to unit and item nonresponse, endogeneity problems, and issues related to flexible specification of the relationship of interest. We estimate both parametric and semiparametric specifications of the model. The parametric specification assumes that the unobservables in the model follow a multivariate Gaussian distribution, while the semiparametric specification avoids distributional assumptions about the unobservables. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Semi-strong inefficiency in the fixed odds betting market: Underestimating the positive impact of head coach replacement in the main European soccer …

2019

Abstract In this paper we analyse the efficiency of the sports betting market, seeking to ascertain whether the market is efficient in the case of fixed odds provided by bookmakers in the four major European soccer leagues under the semi-strong efficiency hypothesis. By examining the trends of odds in the event of a major change in expectations about team results, i.e. when the head coach of a team is replaced, we attempt to verify the argument that a profitable strategy for the bettor is likely to be possible. In this case, the market under consideration would be inefficient. Analysing the average effect of head coach replacement, we find a positive impact on team performance. Based on thi…

Uzlabotā Eiropas Savienības ekonomikas pārvaldība un tās ietekme uz strukturālo reformu ieviešanu Latvijā

2019

Pēc ekonomiskās un finanšu krīzes perioda strukturālo reformu ieviešanas intensitāte Latvijā ir samazinājusies. Strukturālo reformu ieviešanai ir nozīmīga loma Latvijas tautsaimniecības attīstībā un reformu dzinulis bijis vitāli nepieciešams ātrākai izaugsmei. Maģistra darba mērķis un uzdevumi ir analizēt Eiropas semestra ietekmi uz strukturālo reformu ieviešanu Latvijā. Maģistra darba ietvaros ir analizēti Eiropas Komisijas sagatavotie ziņojumi par Latviju, Latvijai sniegtās rekomendācijas, to ieviešanas progress, kā arī veiktas intervijas ar Eiropas semestra koordinācijas procesā iesaistītajām personām. Iegūtie rezultāti liecina, ka Eiropas semestra ietvaros Latvijai sniegto rekomendāciju…

Fundamentals of photoelectrocatalysis

2022

Photoelectrocatalysis combines heterogeneous photocatalysis and electrocatalysis principles for numerous processes including the degradation of harmful compounds, the generation of H2 and O2 from water splitting, the reduction of CO2 or the photoelectrocatalytic synthesis of valuable organic molecules otherwise difficult to be synthetized with classical approaches. The recent progress of photoelectrocatalysis is heavily related to the development of materials, especially in 2D and nano materials. Highly ordered nanomaterials such as graphene, nanotubes, nanowires, etc. are gaining more attention due to their high surface area and excellent conductivity. Other challenges are the development …

SPEEDAM 2010 Poster REC0616: An electrochemical route towards the fabrication of nanostructured semiconductor solar cells

2010

Strumento virtuale in ambiente LabVIEW per la gestione automatica di misure di emissione radiata in camera semianecoica

2010

Residual strain effects on the two-dimensional electron gas concentration of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

2001

Ga-face AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with different sheet carrier concentrations have been studied by photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy. Compared to bulk GaN, an energy shift of the excitonic emission lines towards higher energies was observed, indicating the presence of residual compressive strain in the GaN layer. This strain was confirmed by the shift of the E2 Raman line, from which biaxial compressive stresses ranging between 0.34 and 1.7 GPa were deduced. The spontaneous and piezoelectric polarizations for each layer of the heterostructures have been also calculated. The analysis of these quantities clarified the influence of the residual stress on the sheet electron concentratio…

Measurement of drift mobilities in amorphous organic films using the Time of Flight method

2004

We apply the Time of Flight (TOF) technique to study carrier mobility in N, N’-diphenyl-N,N’-bis(3-methylphenyl) -1,1-biphenyl-4,4’-diamine (TPD) and tris(8-hydroxyquinolato) aluminium (Alq 3 ). These materials are two examples of, respectively, hole and electron transporting molecular materials. Measurements are performed in free air or under vacuum varying the experimental parameters such as laser pulse intensity and single shot irradiation. We observe a transition from dispersive to non dispersive transport changing the experimental conditions.

Tin-related double acceptors in gallium selenide single crystals

1998

Gallium selenide single crystals doped with different amounts of tin are studied through resistivity and Hall effect measurements in the temperature range from 30 to 700 K. At low doping concentration tin is shown to behave as a double acceptor impurity in gallium selenide with ionization energies of 155 and 310 meV. At higher doping concentration tin also introduces deep donor levels, but the material remains p-type in the whole studied range of tin doping concentrations. The deep character of donors in gallium selenide is discussed by comparison of its conduction band structure to that of indium selenide under pressure. The double acceptor center is proposed to be a tin atom in interlayer…