Search results for " STEM"
showing 10 items of 2170 documents
Kininogen binding protein p33/gC1qR is localized in the vesicular fraction of endothelial cells
1996
AbstractThe endothelial protein p33/gC1qR is thought to mediate the assembly of components of the kinin-forming and complement-activating pathways on the surface of cardiovascular cells. FACS analysis of intact human umbilical vein endothelial cells using specific antibodies to p33 revealed a minor fluorescence on the cell surface whereas permeabilized cells showed a bright fluorescence indicative of an intracellular localization of p33. Immunostaining of fixed cells confirmed the predominant intracellular localization of p33. Fractionation studies demonstrated that the vesicular but not the membrane fraction of EA.hy926 cells is rich in p33. We conclude that externalization of p33 must pre…
The stem rust resistance gene Rpg5 encodes a protein with nucleotide-binding-site, leucine-rich, and protein kinase domains
2008
We isolated the barley stem rust resistance genes Rpg5 and rpg4 by map-based cloning. These genes are colocalized on a 70-kb genomic region that was delimited by recombination. The Rpg5 gene consists of an unusual structure encoding three typical plant disease resistance protein domains: nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat, and serine threonine protein kinase. The predicted RPG5 protein has two putative transmembrane sites possibly involved in membrane binding. The gene is expressed at low but detectable levels. Posttranscriptional gene silencing using VIGS resulted in a compatible reaction with a normally incompatible stem rust pathogen. Allele sequencing also validated the candi…
A PCR-Based Assay for the Detection of Langerhans-Cell Chimerism after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.
2006
Abstract Early acute GVHD of the skin frequently occurs in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Although T cell depletion reduces the incidence and severity, it does not completely prevent skin GVHD. This leads to a prolonged need for immunosuppressive medication in a significant number of patients. For the induction of acute GVHD, the stimulation of donor T cells by residing host antigen presenting cells such as Langerhans cells of the skin (LCs) plays a central role. The absence of donor T cells after depletion, however, seems to hamper an early switch of LCs from host to donor origin. Therefore, the monitoring of LC chimerism is of great interest. We and oth…
Recurrence of a laryngeal spindle cell sarcoma with a transformation into a higher grade of malignancy.
2009
Primary malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of the larynx are rare. Sarcomas of the larynx account for <1% of all malignant laryngeal mesenchymal neoplasms. This report examines a case of a recurring laryngeal, initial benign-appearing mesenchymal tumour, which first changed its clinical phenotype without any histological signs of malignancy and later also its histological appearance with signs of malignancy. Finally, it even underwent a transformation into a higher grade of malignancy. In addition to this, the difficulties of allocating this tumour to the correct sarcoma subentity are shown.
Quantitative mass spectrometry for human melanocortin peptides in vitro and in vivo suggests prominent roles for b-MSH and desacetyl a-MSH in energy …
2018
Objective: The lack of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived melanocortin peptides results in hypoadrenalism and severe obesity in both humans and rodents that is treatable with synthetic melanocortins. However, there are significant differences in POMC processing between humans and rodents, and little is known about the relative physiological importance of POMC products in the human brain. The aim of this study was to determine which POMC-derived peptides are present in the human brain, to establish their relative concentrations, and to test if their production is dynamically regulated. Methods: We analysed both fresh post-mortem human hypothalamic tissue and hypothalamic neurons derived fro…
Paracrine dialogue in implantation
2002
We know that the implantation process requires a functionally normal embryo at the blastocyst stage and a receptive endometrium, but also a communication link between them is needed. This paracrine dialogue between the embryo, endometrium and the corpus luteum are known to occur in ruminants and primates, more specifically endometrial-embryonic interactions have been reported in rodents and primates but not in humans. This process is a highly regulated mechanism and many molecules take part in this cross-talk. Here, we present updated information in humans on the embryonic regulation of endometrial epithelial molecules such as chemokines, adhesion and anti-adhesion molecules, and leptin dur…
Analysis of Complete Neuroblast Cell Lineages in the Drosophila Embryonic Brain via DiI Labeling
2013
Proper functioning of the brain relies on an enormous diversity of neural cells generated by neural stem cell-like neuroblasts (NBs). Each of the about 100 NBs in each side of brain generates a nearly invariant and unique cell lineage, consisting of specific neural cell types that develop in defined time periods. In this chapter we describe a method that labels entire NB lineages in the embryonic brain. Clonal DiI labeling allows us to follow the development of an NB lineage starting from the neuroectodermal precursor cell up to the fully developed cell clone in the first larval instar brain. We also show how to ablate individual cells within an NB clone, which reveals information about the…
On the roles of Notch, Delta, kuzbanian, and inscuteable during the development of Drosophila embryonic neuroblast lineages
2009
AbstractThe generation of cellular diversity in the nervous system involves the mechanism of asymmetric cell division. Besides an array of molecules, including the Par protein cassette, a heterotrimeric G protein signalling complex, Inscuteable plays a major role in controlling asymmetric cell division, which ultimately leads to differential activation of the Notch signalling pathway and correct specification of the two daughter cells. In this context, Notch is required to be active in one sibling and inactive in the other. Here, we investigated the requirement of genes previously known to play key roles in sibling cell fate specification such as members of the Notch signalling pathway, e.g…
Signalling codes for the maintenance and lineage commitment of embryonic gastric epithelial progenitors
2020
The identity of embryonic gastric epithelial progenitors is unknown. We used single-cell RNA sequencing, genetic lineage tracing and organoid assays to assess whether Axin2 and Lgr5 expressing cells are gastric progenitors in the developing mouse stomach. We show that Axin2+ cells represent a transient population of embryonic epithelial cells in the forestomach. Lgr5+ cells generate both glandular corpus and squamous forestomach organoids ex vivo. Only Lgr5+ progenitors give rise to zymogenic cells in culture. Modulating the activity of the WNT, BMP and Notch pathways in vivo and ex vivo, we found that WNTs are essential for the maintenance of Lgr5+ epithelial cells. Notch prevents differen…
Different origin of adipogenic stem cells influences the response to antiretroviral drugs
2015
Lipodystrophy (LD) is a main side effect of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection, and can be provoked by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs). LD exists in different forms, characterized by fat loss, accumulation, or both, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. In particular, few data exist concerning the effects of antiretroviral drugs on adipocyte differentiation. Adipose tissue can arise either from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), that include bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs), or from ectodermal stem cells, that include dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). To analyze whether the embryonal origin of adipocytes might impact the occurrence of d…