Search results for " STRESS"
showing 10 items of 3936 documents
Oxidative Modification of Low-Density Lipoprotein and Atherogenetic Risk in β-Thalassemia
1998
AbstractWe investigated the oxidative state of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in patients with β-thalassemia to determine whether there was an association with atherogenesis. Conjugated diene lipid hydroperoxides (CD) and the level of major lipid antioxidants in LDL, as well as modified LDL protein, were evaluated in 35 β-thalassemia intermedia patients, aged 10 to 60, and compared with age-matched healthy controls. Vitamin E and β-carotene levels in LDL from patients were 45% and 24% of that observed in healthy controls, respectively. In contrast, the mean amount of LDL-CD was threefold higher and lysil residues of apo B-100 were decreased by 17%. LDL-CD in thalassemia patients showed a str…
Lipoic Acid Improves Nerve Blood Flow, Reduces Oxidative Stress, and Improves Distal Nerve Conduction in Experimental Diabetic Neuropathy
1995
OBJECTIVE To determine whether lipoic acid (LA) will reduce oxidative stress in diabetic peripheral nerves and improve neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used the model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy (SDN) and evaluated the efficacy of LA supplementation in improving nerve blood flow (NBF), electrophysiology, and indexes of oxidative stress in peripheral nerves affected by SDN, at 1 month after onset of diabetes and in age-matched control rats. LA, in doses of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally five times per week after onset of diabetes. RESULTS NBF in SDN was reduced by 50% LA did not affect the NBF of normal nerves but improved that of SDN i…
Exercise and Recovery Responses of Lymphokines to Heavy Resistance Exercise
2000
To examine the effect of dynamic resistance exercise on the response patterns of lymphokines, 10 strength-trained men (21.7 +- 0.6 y) performed 2 resistance exercise protocols, high force (HF) and high power (HP), of equal total work (HF 5 33.0 +- 2.5 kJ; HP 5 33.3 +- 2.7 kJ) in a randomized order separated by 1 week. Resting blood samples were obtained preexercise and 0 (R-0), 15 (R-15), and 240 (R-240) minutes postexercise. Plasma lactate significantly (p < 0.05) increased from baseline for both protocols; however, concentrations were higher in response to the HF protocol. Plasma interleukin- 2 (IL-2) concentrations were significantly decreased from baseline at R-15 following the HF proto…
Virtual reality exposure-based therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a review of its efficacy, the adequacy of the treatment p…
2015
Introduction The essential feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to one or more traumatic events. According to evidence-based intervention guidelines and empirical evidence, one of the most extensively researched and validated treatments for PTSD is prolonged exposure to traumatic events; however, exposure therapy can present some limitations. Virtual reality (VR) can help to improve prolonged exposure because it creates fictitious, safe, and controllable situations that can enhance emotional engagement and acceptance. Objective In addition to carrying out a review to evaluate the efficacy of VR exposure-based thera…
Abstract 412: The Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Improves Diabetic Complications in the Streptozotocin Type 1 Diabetes Mellit…
2014
Objectives: In diabetes, cardiovascular complications are associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Empagliflozin (Empa), as a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in clinical development, offers a promising novel approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. The aim of the present study was to test whether treatment with Empa could improve endothelial dysfunction in type I diabetic rats via reduction of glucotoxicity and associated oxidative stress. Research Design and Methods: Type I diabetes in Wistar rats was induced by an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). One week after injection Empa…
249 Validation of assessment of circulate oxidative stress markers by the Free Oxygen Radicals Testing (FORT) assay among patients with an acute myoc…
2011
BackgroundFree oxygen radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and aging. Several methods were developed for the direct or indirect measurement of oxygen free radical and its by-products. Using a new Free Oxygen Radicals Testing (FORT) the current study is designed first to validate the device and to investigate the potential relationships between the ROS and clinical or biological factors in human serum from a population of men with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).MethodsWe first determined the effect of storage, variability and reproducibility of the FORT test in serum. Then we used the test in 66 patient…
Role of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in free radical-induced cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
2000
We have previously reported that free radical-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) lead to cholesterol accumulation in vitro. In the current study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress on cyclic AMP concentration and cAMP-dependent enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis in A7r5 cells. Under our conditions of a mild oxidative stress, namely with no change in cell viability, we found that free radicals, initiated using azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH), resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cellular cAMP which was opposed by vitamin E preincubation. Although the addition of adenylate cyclase activators (carbacyclin and forskolin) increased cAMP levels it di…
Oxidative stress leads to cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
1999
The transformation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells into foam cells by modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is one of the key events of atherogenesis. Effects of free radicals have mainly been studied in LDL, and other than toxicity, data dealing with direct action of free radicals on cells are scarce. This study focused on the direct effects of free radicals on cholesterol metabolism of smooth muscle cells. A free radical generator, azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride, was used, and conditions for a standardized oxidative stress were set up in vascular smooth muscle cells. After free radical action, the cells presented an accumulation of cholesterol that appeared to be the resul…
Vasodilator Stress CMR and All-Cause Mortality in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
2020
Abstract Objectives This study explored the association of ischemic burden, as measured by vasodilator stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), with all-cause mortality and the effect of revascularization on all-cause mortality in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). Background In patients with SIHD, the association of ischemic burden, derived from vasodilator stress CMR, with all-cause mortality and its role for decision-making is unclear. Methods The registry consisted of 6,389 consecutive patients (mean age: 65 ± 12 years; 38% women) who underwent vasodilator stress CMR for known or suspected SIHD. The ischemic burden (at stress first-pass perfusion imaging) was com…
A targeted apoB38.9 mutation in mice is associated with reduced hepatic cholesterol synthesis and enhanced lipid peroxidation.
2006
Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) due to truncation-specifying mutations of apolipoprotein B (apoB), which impair hepatic lipid export in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, is associated with fatty liver. In an FHBL-like mouse with the apoB38.9 mutation, fatty liver develops despite reduced hepatic fatty acid synthesis. However, hepatic cholesterol contents in apoB38.9 mice are normal. We found that cholesterogenic enzymes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, sterol-C5-desaturase, and 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase) were consistently downregulated in two separate expression-profiling experiments using a total of 19 mice ( n = 7 each for apob+/+and apob+/38.9, …