Search results for " STRESS"

Associations of physical activity, fitness, and body composition with heart rate variability–based indicators of stress and recovery on workdays: a c…

2014

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate how physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition are associated with heart rate variability (HRV)-based indicators of stress and recovery on workdays. Additionally, we evaluated the association of objectively measured stress with self-reported burnout symptoms. Methods. Participants of this cross-sectional study were 81 healthy males (age range 26–40 y). Stress and recovery on workdays were measured objectively based on HRV recordings. CRF and anthropometry were assessed in laboratory conditions. The level of PA was based on a detailed PA interview (MET index [MET-h/d]) and self-reported activity class…

Is oxidative stress a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease?

2010

An abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent decrease in vascular bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) have long been proposed to be the common pathogenetic mechanism of the endothelial dysfunction, resulting from diverse cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, chronic smoking, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension. Superoxide produced by the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, mitochondrial sources, or the xanthine oxidase may react with NO, thereby resulting in excessive formation of peroxynitrite, a reactive nitrogen species that has been demonstrated to accelerate the atherosclerotic process by causing d…

Oxidized Albumin and Cartilage Acidic Protein-1 as Blood Biomarkers to Predict Ischemic Stroke Outcomes.

2021

Background: There is high demand for blood biomarkers that reflect the therapeutic response or predict the outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, few biomarkers have been evidentially verified to date. This study evaluated two proteins, oxidized albumin (OxHSA) and cartilage acidic protein-1 (CRTAC1), as potential prognostic markers of AIS.Methods: The ratio of OxHSA to normal albumin (%OxHSA) and the level of CRTAC1 in the sera of 74 AIS patients were analyzed on admission (day 0), and at 1 and 7 days after admission. AIS patients were divided into two groups according to their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after discharge: the low-mRS (mRS < 2) gr…

The Mitochondrial Antioxidant SS-31 Modulates Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetes

2019

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a central role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and mitochondria-targeted agents such as SS-31 are emerging as a promising strategy for its treatment. We aimed to study the effects of SS-31 on leukocytes from T2D patients by evaluating oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Sixty-one T2D patients and 53 controls were included. Anthropometric and analytical measurements were performed. We also assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium content, the expression of ER stress markers GRP78, CHOP, P-eIF2&alpha

SFRR-E Young Investigator AwardeeαB-crystallin modulation after acute exercise in skeletal muscle: the role of oxidative stress and fiber composition.

2015

αB-crystallin (CRYAB) is a member of the small heat shock proteins implicated in various biological functions, particularly in skeletal muscle where it is involved in adaptive remodelling processes, activation of gene transcription and stabilization of nascent proteins.In this research we analysed αB-crystallin' response in mouse gastrocnemius at 15' and 30' of recovery from an acute aerobic exercise (1hour), correlating its modulation with oxidative stress level and fiber composition, red (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG).We found for the first time that the acute exercise lead to a short term, specific increase of phospho-αB-crystallin level (pCRYAB) in the RG, while no changes were obser…

Interrelationships between oxidative stress and MMP-9 in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2016

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular events and all-cause mortality and some studies have demonstrated that the incidence of cardiovascular events is related to its severity. Our aim was to examine the oxidative status and the matrix metalloproteases (MMP) profile in a group of subjects with OSAS. We enrolled 48 subjects with OSAS, defined after a 1-night cardiorespiratory sleep study, which were subsequently subdivided in two subgroups according to the severity of OSAS: mild-moderate OSAS = “Low”, severe OSAS = “High”. We measured the parameters of oxidative stress, such as l…

The Relationship between an Oxidative Stress Biomarker and Plasma Haemoglobin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2010

Introduction: Evidence suggests that decreased haemoglobin plasma concentration may be a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that in CKD patients, oxidative stress could influence the development of cardiovascular damage via a relationship with haemoglobin levels. Methods: We assayed plasma levels of the biomarker of oxidative stress 8-ISO-prostaglandin F2α (8-ISO-PGF2α) and of haemoglobin in 193 stage 2–5 CKD patients, investigating their relationship. Eighty healthy subjects and 80 patients with primary hypertension having normal renal function were enrolled as controls. Results: The CKD group was divided according to 8…

Oxidative stress and early organ damage in essential hypertension

2001

A matter of fat: insulin resistance and oxidative stress

2012

Background Obesity is linked to insulin resistance (IR), which can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress present in early obesity may favor the progression to comorbid conditions. Objective To examine the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and the severity of IR in a group of obese children. Methods Forty obese children with a body mass index (BMI) Z-score ≥ 2 were divided into two groups using the median obtained for the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Anthropometric parameters (including body fat composition by bioelectrical impedance) and biochemical parameters were assessed. The following biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured: malondialdeh…

Antioxidant Supplements and Diabetic Retinopathy

2014

Abstract Conventional treatments for diabetic retinopathy (DR) includes glycemic control, laser photocoagulation, vitrectomy, intravitreal triamcinolone, and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents. However these strategies have not proved capable of halting the progression of this disease in all cases. The mechanisms leading to DR are not fully understood, but there is a growing body of evidence showing that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of this diabetic complication. In fact it has been proposed that oxidative stress is the initial and maintaining event that triggers and provides feedback to the other pathophysiological pathways related to DR…